TOEFL के लिए आवश्यक शब्दावली - भूगोल

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

भूतत्त्व

one half of the earth divided by the equator

गोलार्द्ध

the distance between an object or point and sea level

ऊंचाई

the distance of a point north or south of the equator that is measured in degrees

अक्षांश

relating to or characteristic of any continent

महाद्विपीय

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

देशान्तर

each of the two parallel and imaginary lines around the earth that is 23°26ʹ south or north of the equator

रेखा

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

उष्णकटिबंध

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

क्षितिज

a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres

भूमध्यरेखा

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

प्रायद्वीप

land with mountains or hills

अधित्यका

located or occurring away from the coast

अन्तर्देशीय

having many hills

पर्वतीय

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

इलाक़ा

a stretch of land forming part of a hill or mountain

ढाल

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

भौगोलिक ध्रुव

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

नाला

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

नदी शाखा

flow or movement of water or air in a specific direction

धारा

the rise and fall of the sea level, which happens regularly, as a result of the attraction of the sun and moon

ज्वार

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

खाड़ी

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

तटीय

the round top of a volcano

गड्ढा

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

लावा

a very large floating piece of ice

हिमशैल

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

हिमनद

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

घाटी

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

चट्टान

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

मूंगा - चट्टान

an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially

सागर

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

समुद्र-

the pointed top of a mountain

पर्वत शिखर