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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Geography

Zde se dozvíte některá anglická slovíčka o zeměpisu, jako je „tropic“, „kopcovitý“, „svah“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
geology
[Podstatné jméno]

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

geologie, věda o zemi

geologie, věda o zemi

Ex: geology reveals the history of our planet , from the formation of continents to the evolution of life .
hemisphere
[Podstatné jméno]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

polokoule, půlka země

polokoule, půlka země

altitude
[Podstatné jméno]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

nadmořská výška, výška

nadmořská výška, výška

Ex: Meteorologists altitude variations to understand atmospheric pressure changes .
longitude
[Podstatné jméno]

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

zeměpisná délka, délka

zeměpisná délka, délka

Ex: Geographic information systems ( GIS ) longitude and latitude coordinates for mapping .
tropical
[Přídavné jméno]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

tropický, tropisový

tropický, tropisový

Ex: tropical sun provides abundant warmth and energy for photosynthesis in plants .
horizon
[Podstatné jméno]

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

horizont, obzor

horizont, obzor

Ex: The sunset painted horizon with hues of pink and orange .
peninsula
[Podstatné jméno]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

poloostrov, poloostrovní oblast

poloostrov, poloostrovní oblast

Ex: The Scandinavian Peninsula is one of the peninsulas in Europe , comprising Norway and Sweden .
highland
[Podstatné jméno]

land with mountains or hills

vysokohorská oblast, vysočina

vysokohorská oblast, vysočina

Ex: The Tibetan Plateau is known as the " Roof of the World , " a highland with towering peaks and expansive plateaus .
inland
[Přídavné jméno]

located away from the coast

vnitrozemský, vnitřní

vnitrozemský, vnitřní

Ex: inland plains are ideal for agriculture due to fertile soil .
hilly
[Přídavné jméno]

having many hills

kopcovitý, horský

kopcovitý, horský

terrain
[Podstatné jméno]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

terén, půda

terén, půda

Ex: Farmers adapted their cultivation techniques to suit the terrain of their land , employing terracing on slopes and irrigation systems in low-lying areas to optimize agricultural productivity .
pole
[Podstatné jméno]

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

pol, pól

pol, pól

Ex: The magnetic poles are not aligned exactly with the poles and can shift due to changes in the Earth 's magnetic field .
ravine
[Podstatné jméno]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

roklina, soutěska

roklina, soutěska

Ex: Geologists study the formation ravines to understand how water shapes the Earth 's surface over millennia .
branch
[Podstatné jméno]

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

přítok, odbočka

přítok, odbočka

current
[Podstatné jméno]

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

proud, tok

proud, tok

Ex: Fish often migrate by riding the current of the stream .
tide
[Podstatné jméno]

the rise and fall of the sea level, which happens regularly, as a result of the attraction of the sun and moon

příliv, odliv

příliv, odliv

Ex: Tidal energy , generated from the movement of tide, is a renewable source of power in some coastal regions .
gulf
[Podstatné jméno]

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

záliv, zálivová oblast

záliv, zálivová oblast

Ex: The boat was anchored in a gulf.
coastal
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

přímořský, pobřežní

přímořský, pobřežní

Ex: Coastal communities often rely on fishing and tourism for economic livelihood .
crater
[Podstatné jméno]

the round top of a volcano

kráter, vrchol sopky

kráter, vrchol sopky

Ex: The scientists descended into the volcanocrater to collect samples of lava and gases .
lava
[Podstatné jméno]

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

lava, sopečná láva

lava, sopečná láva

Ex: Scientists lava samples to understand the composition of the Earth 's interior .
iceberg
[Podstatné jméno]

a very large floating piece of ice

ledovec, iceberg

ledovec, iceberg

Ex: The expedition team carefully navigated their ship around the iceberg.
glacier
[Podstatné jméno]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

ledovec, glaciér

ledovec, glaciér

canyon
[Podstatné jméno]

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

kaňon, roklina

kaňon, roklina

Ex: They set up camp near the bottom of canyon.
coral reef
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

korálový útes, korálová útesová struktura

korálový útes, korálová útesová struktura

pond
[Podstatné jméno]

an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially

rybník, nádrž

rybník, nádrž

Ex: In winter , pond froze over , allowing people to enjoy ice skating and other activities on its surface .
marine
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

mořský, námořní

mořský, námořní

Ex: Marine biology focuses on studying the organisms and environments of the ocean .
peak
[Podstatné jméno]

the pointed top of a mountain

vrchol, špička

vrchol, špička

Ex: The mountainpeak was often shrouded in clouds , giving it a mysterious appearance .
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