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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Heograpiya

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa heograpiya, tulad ng "tropiko", "maburol", "dalisdis", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
geology
geology
[Pangngalan]

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

heolohiya, agham ng Lupa

heolohiya, agham ng Lupa

Ex: Understanding the principles of geology helps predict earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. 

Ang pag-unawa sa mga prinsipyo ng heolohiya ay tumutulong sa paghula ng mga lindol at pagsabog ng bulkan.

hemisphere
hemisphere
[Pangngalan]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

hemispero, kalahating globo

hemispero, kalahating globo

Ex: The Northern Hemisphere experiences winter when the Southern Hemisphere is in summer. 

Ang hemisperyo hilaga ay nakakaranas ng taglamig kapag ang timog hemisperyo ay nasa tag-init.

altitude
altitude
[Pangngalan]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

altitude

altitude

Ex: The airplane reached a cruising altitude of 30,000 feet above sea level. 

Ang eroplano ay umabot sa altitude ng paglalakbay na 30,000 talampakan sa ibabaw ng dagat.

latitude
latitude
[Pangngalan]

an imaginary horizontal circle around the Earth parallel to the equator, used to measure north-south position

latitud, paralelo

latitud, paralelo

Ex: The explorer recorded the latitude of the new settlement. 

Itinala ng eksplorador ang latitud ng bagong paninirahan.

continental
continental
[pang-uri]

of, relating to, or characteristic of a continent

kontinental,  may kinalaman sa kontinente

kontinental, may kinalaman sa kontinente

Ex: Scientists study the movement of continental plates. 
longitude
longitude
[Pangngalan]

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

longhitud, meridyan

longhitud, meridyan

Ex: Longitude measures how far east or west a point is from the Prime Meridian. 

Ang longhitud ay sumusukat kung gaano kalayo ang isang punto sa silangan o kanluran mula sa Prime Meridian.

tropic
tropic
[Pangngalan]

either of the two imaginary lines around the Earth located about 23° north and south of the equator

tropiko, tropiko

tropiko, tropiko

Ex: The sun is directly overhead near the tropic at certain times of the year. 

Ang araw ay direktang nasa itaas malapit sa tropiko sa ilang mga panahon ng taon.

tropical
tropical
[pang-uri]

of, relating to, or characteristic of the hot regions around the equator

Ex: Tropical forests support an enormous variety of plant and animal life. 
horizon
horizon
[Pangngalan]

the apparent line in the distance where the sky seems to meet the land or sea

abot-tanaw,  horizon

abot-tanaw, horizon

Ex: The sun disappeared below the horizon just after six o'clock. 
equator
equator
[Pangngalan]

a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres

ekwador, linya ng ekwador

ekwador, linya ng ekwador

Ex: The sun is very strong near the equator. 

Ang araw ay napakalakas malapit sa ekwador.

peninsula
peninsula
[Pangngalan]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

peninsula, halos-isla

peninsula, halos-isla

Ex: The Iberian Peninsula is home to Spain and Portugal, surrounded by water on three sides. 

Ang Iberian peninsula ay tahanan ng Espanya at Portugal, na napapaligiran ng tubig sa tatlong panig.

highland
highland
[Pangngalan]

land with mountains or hills

kataasan, bulubundukin

kataasan, bulubundukin

Ex: Indigenous peoples in the Andean Highlands have cultivated terraced fields for centuries, adapting to the challenges of farming at high altitudes. 

Ang mga katutubong tao sa kabundukan ng Andean ay nagtanim ng mga terraced field sa loob ng maraming siglo, na umaangkop sa mga hamon ng pagsasaka sa mataas na altitude.

inland
inland
[pang-uri]

located away from the coast

panloob, malayo sa baybayin

panloob, malayo sa baybayin

Ex: She prefers the tranquil atmosphere of inland lakes for fishing. 

Mas gusto niya ang tahimik na kapaligiran ng mga lawang panloob para sa pangingisda.

hilly
hilly
[pang-uri]

having many hills

mabundok, mabaku-bako

mabundok, mabaku-bako

Ex: The village is located in a hilly area, perfect for hiking. 

Ang nayon ay matatagpuan sa isang mabundok na lugar, perpekto para sa paglalakad.

terrain
terrain
[Pangngalan]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

lupain, tanawin

lupain, tanawin

Ex: The rugged terrain of the mountainous region posed a significant challenge for the hikers, requiring careful navigation and endurance. 

Ang mabato at hindi pantay na lupa ng bulubunduking rehiyon ay naging malaking hamon sa mga manlalakbay, na nangangailangan ng maingat na pag-navigate at tibay.

slope
slope
[Pangngalan]

the inclined side of a hill, mountain, or valley

libis,  dalisdis

libis, dalisdis

Ex: Snow covered the upper slopes of the mountain. 
pole
pole
[Pangngalan]

either of the two points at the northern and southern ends of Earth's axis of rotation

polong

polong

Ex: The expedition hoped to reach the South Pole. 
ravine
ravine
[Pangngalan]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

bangin,  libis

bangin, libis

Ex: The ravine cut through the forest, its steep sides marked by erosion from the flowing creek at its base. 

Ang bangin ay tumatawid sa kagubatan, ang matatarik nitong gilid ay markado ng erosyon mula sa umaagos na sapa sa base nito.

branch
branch
[Pangngalan]

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

sangay, kanal

sangay, kanal

Ex: The bridge spanned the branch of the river, providing a scenic view of the surrounding landscape. 
current
current
[Pangngalan]

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

agos, daloy

agos, daloy

Ex: The ocean current carried the boat further out to sea than they had anticipated. 
tide
tide
[Pangngalan]

the regular rise and fall of sea level caused mainly by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun

taog,  pagtaog

taog, pagtaog

Ex: The tide was coming in quickly as we walked along the beach. 
gulf
gulf
[Pangngalan]

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

golpo, look

golpo, look

Ex: The boat was anchored in a quiet gulf. 
coastal
coastal
[pang-uri]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

baybayin, pampang

baybayin, pampang

Ex: Coastal erosion is a natural process that reshapes shorelines over time. 

Ang baybayin na pagguho ay isang natural na proseso na nagbabago sa mga baybayin sa paglipas ng panahon.

crater
crater
[Pangngalan]

the round top of a volcano

bunganga ng bulkan

bunganga ng bulkan

Ex: The scientist studied the formation of the crater after the volcanic eruption. 

Pinag-aralan ng siyentipiko ang pagbuo ng crater pagkatapos ng pagsabog ng bulkan.

lava
lava
[Pangngalan]

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

lava

lava

Ex: The flowing lava from the volcano destroyed everything in its path. 

Ang dumadaloy na lava mula sa bulkan ay sumira sa lahat sa landas nito.

iceberg
iceberg
[Pangngalan]

a very large floating piece of ice

malaking tipak ng yelo, iceberg

malaking tipak ng yelo, iceberg

Ex: The Titanic sank after colliding with an iceberg in the North Atlantic Ocean. 

Ang Titanic ay lumubog matapos mabangga ang isang iceberg sa North Atlantic Ocean.

glacier
glacier
[Pangngalan]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

glasyer, permanenteng yelo

glasyer, permanenteng yelo

Ex: Scientists study glaciers to understand the effects of climate change on ice melt and sea-level rise. 

Pinag-aaralan ng mga siyentipiko ang mga glacier upang maunawaan ang mga epekto ng pagbabago ng klima sa pagkatunaw ng yelo at pagtaas ng antas ng dagat.

canyon
canyon
[Pangngalan]

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

kanyon, bangin

kanyon, bangin

Ex: A river runs through the narrow canyon. 

Isang ilog ang dumadaloy sa makitid na canyon.

reef
reef
[Pangngalan]

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

bahura, bariyera ng koral

bahura, bariyera ng koral

Ex: The boat sailed carefully to avoid hitting the reef. 

Ang bangka ay naglayag nang maingat upang maiwasang tumama sa bahura.

coral reef
coral reef
[Pangngalan]

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

bahura ng korales, koral na reef

bahura ng korales, koral na reef

Ex: The coral reef near the island is teeming with colorful fish. 

Ang coral reef malapit sa isla ay puno ng makukulay na isda.

pond
pond
[Pangngalan]

a small area of still water, smaller than a lake and often artificially made

Ex: Ducks were swimming in the pond. 
marine
marine
[pang-uri]

of, relating to, found in, or living in the sea

marino,  pandagat

marino, pandagat

Ex: Marine pollution threatens many coastal ecosystems. 
peak
peak
[Pangngalan]

the pointed top of a mountain

tuktok, taluktok

tuktok, taluktok

Ex: The mountain's peak was often shrouded in clouds, giving it a mysterious appearance. 
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