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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Geografi

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris tentang geografi, seperti "tropis", "perbukitan", "lereng", dll., yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
geology
geology
[Kata benda]

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

geologi, ilmu bumi

geologi, ilmu bumi

Ex: Geology explains why mountain ranges exist and how they formed over millions of years. 

Geologi menjelaskan mengapa pegunungan ada dan bagaimana mereka terbentuk selama jutaan tahun.

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hemisphere
hemisphere
[Kata benda]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

belahan bumi, setengah bola

belahan bumi, setengah bola

Ex: The equator divides the Earth into two hemispheres. 

Khatulistiwa membagi Bumi menjadi dua belahan.

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altitude
altitude
[Kata benda]

the distance between an object or point and sea level

ketinggian

ketinggian

Ex: Climbers experienced difficulties adjusting to the high altitude during their ascent. 

Pendaki mengalami kesulitan menyesuaikan diri dengan ketinggian yang tinggi selama pendakian.

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latitude
latitude
[Kata benda]

an imaginary horizontal circle around the Earth parallel to the equator, used to measure north-south position

lintang, paralel

lintang, paralel

Ex: Latitude helps sailors determine their north-south position. 

Lintang membantu para pelaut menentukan posisi utara-selatan mereka.

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continental
continental
[Adjektiva]

originating from to relating to the large landmasses on Earth's surface known as continents

kontinental, berkaitan dengan benua

kontinental, berkaitan dengan benua

Ex: Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust. 

Kerak benua lebih tebal dan kurang padat daripada kerak samudera.

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longitude
longitude
[Kata benda]

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

bujur, meridian

bujur, meridian

Ex: Mariners use longitude to navigate across the oceans using celestial navigation. 

Para pelaut menggunakan bujur untuk bernavigasi melintasi samudra menggunakan navigasi celestial.

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tropic
tropic
[Kata benda]

either of the two imaginary lines around the Earth located about 23° north and south of the equator

tropik, tropik

tropik, tropik

Ex: Regions near the tropic often have warm climates. 

Daerah dekat tropis sering memiliki iklim hangat.

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tropical
tropical
[Adjektiva]

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

tropis, khatulistiwa

tropis, khatulistiwa

Ex: She enjoyed vacationing in tropical destinations with sandy beaches and clear blue waters. 

Dia menikmati berlibur di destinasi tropis dengan pantai berpasir dan air biru jernih.

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horizon
horizon
[Kata benda]

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

cakrawala

cakrawala

Ex: Sailors navigated by the stars on the open sea, using the horizon as a reference. 

Para pelaut bernavigasi dengan bintang di laut lepas, menggunakan cakrawala sebagai referensi.

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equator
equator
[Kata benda]

a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres

khatulistiwa, garis khatulistiwa

khatulistiwa, garis khatulistiwa

Ex: The ship crossed the equator during its voyage. 

Kapal itu melintasi khatulistiwa selama pelayarannya.

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peninsula
peninsula
[Kata benda]

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

semenanjung, hampir pulau

semenanjung, hampir pulau

Ex: The children explored the rocky shores and lush forests of the remote peninsula during their summer vacation. 

Anak-anak menjelajahi pantai berbatu dan hutan subur di semenanjung terpencil selama liburan musim panas mereka.

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highland
highland
[Kata benda]

land with mountains or hills

dataran tinggi, wilayah pegunungan

dataran tinggi, wilayah pegunungan

Ex: The Scottish Highlands boast breathtaking landscapes of rugged mountains, pristine lochs, and rolling hills. 

Dataran Tinggi Skotlandia menawarkan pemandangan menakjubkan pegunungan terjal, danau yang masih asri, dan perbukitan yang bergulir.

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inland
inland
[Adjektiva]

located away from the coast

pedalaman, jauh dari pantai

pedalaman, jauh dari pantai

Ex: The inland regions experience hotter temperatures compared to coastal areas. 

Daerah pedalaman mengalami suhu yang lebih panas dibandingkan dengan daerah pesisir.

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hilly
hilly
[Adjektiva]

having many hills

berbukit, bergelombang

berbukit, bergelombang

Ex: The hilly terrain made the bike ride more challenging. 

Medan berbukit membuat perjalanan bersepeda lebih menantang.

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terrain
terrain
[Kata benda]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

medan, pemandangan

medan, pemandangan

Ex: Urban planners took into account the natural terrain features when designing the city's infrastructure, incorporating green spaces and waterways into their plans. 

Perencana kota memperhitungkan fitur alami medan saat merancang infrastruktur kota, memasukkan ruang hijau dan saluran air ke dalam rencana mereka.

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slope
slope
[Kata benda]

a raised landform, hill, or incline

lereng, tanjakan

lereng, tanjakan

Ex: Farmers planted crops along the slope to prevent erosion. 

Petani menanam tanaman di sepanjang lereng untuk mencegah erosi.

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pole
pole
[Kata benda]

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

kutub, Kutub Utara/Kutub Selatan

kutub, Kutub Utara/Kutub Selatan

Ex: Due to the tilt of the Earth's axis, the poles experience six months of daylight followed by six months of darkness each year. 

Karena kemiringan sumbu Bumi, kutub mengalami enam bulan siang hari diikuti enam bulan kegelapan setiap tahun.

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ravine
ravine
[Kata benda]

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

jurang,  lembah curam

jurang, lembah curam

Ex: The hikers descended cautiously into the ravine, navigating the rocky terrain and overhanging vegetation. 

Para pendaki dengan hati-hati turun ke lembah curam, menavigasi medan berbatu dan vegetasi yang menggantung.

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branch
branch
[Kata benda]

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

cabang, anak sungai

cabang, anak sungai

Ex: During the flood, the branch of the river swelled, inundating the surrounding fields. 

Selama banjir, cabang sungai membengkak, membanjiri ladang di sekitarnya.

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current
current
[Kata benda]

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

arus, aliran

arus, aliran

Ex: Fish often migrate by riding the steady current of the stream. 

Ikan sering bermigrasi dengan menunggang arus yang stabil di sungai.

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tide
tide
[Kata benda]

the rise and fall of the sea level, which happens regularly, as a result of the attraction of the sun and moon

pasang

pasang

Ex: Fishermen need to be aware of the tide schedule to ensure their boats are safely docked. 

Para nelayan perlu menyadari jadwal pasang surut untuk memastikan perahu mereka berlabuh dengan aman.

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gulf
gulf
[Kata benda]

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

teluk, selat

teluk, selat

Ex: They sailed across the gulf between the two islands. 

Mereka berlayar melintasi teluk di antara dua pulau.

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coastal
coastal
[Adjektiva]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

pesisir, pesisir pantai

pesisir, pesisir pantai

Ex: The coastal region is home to diverse marine life, including fish, dolphins, and seabirds. 

Wilayah pesisir adalah rumah bagi kehidupan laut yang beragam, termasuk ikan, lumba-lumba, dan burung laut.

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crater
crater
[Kata benda]

the round top of a volcano

kawah

kawah

Ex: The impact crater in Arizona is a famous geological site attracting visitors worldwide. 

Kawah tumbukan di Arizona adalah situs geologi terkenal yang menarik pengunjung dari seluruh dunia.

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lava
lava
[Kata benda]

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

lava

lava

Ex: Tourists watched in awe as lava fountains erupted from the crater. 

Para turis menyaksikan dengan takjub saat air mancur lava menyembur dari kawah.

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iceberg
iceberg
[Kata benda]

a very large floating piece of ice

gunung es, bongkahan es besar

gunung es, bongkahan es besar

Ex: Iceberg lettuce is named for its crisp, watery texture reminiscent of iceberg formations. 

Selada iceberg dinamai karena teksturnya yang renyah dan berair yang mengingatkan pada formasi es mengambang.

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glacier
glacier
[Kata benda]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

gletser, es abadi

gletser, es abadi

Ex: Mountaineers face numerous challenges when attempting to traverse icy crevasses on glaciers. 

Pendaki gunung menghadapi banyak tantangan saat mencoba melintasi celah es di gletser.

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canyon
canyon
[Kata benda]

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

ngarai, lembah curam

ngarai, lembah curam

Ex: The canyon walls were covered in colorful rock formations. 

Dinding ngarai ditutupi oleh formasi batuan yang berwarna-warni.

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reef
reef
[Kata benda]

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

karang, batu karang

karang, batu karang

Ex: The diver explored a colorful reef. 

Penyelam menjelajahi karang yang berwarna-warni.

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coral reef
coral reef
[Kata benda]

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

terumbu karang, karang penghalang

terumbu karang, karang penghalang

Ex: The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world. 

Karang Penghalang Besar adalah sistem terumbu karang terbesar di dunia.

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pond
pond
[Kata benda]

an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially

kolam, telaga

kolam, telaga

Ex: Children delighted in feeding the fish that inhabited the clear waters of the small pond in the park. 

Anak-anak senang memberi makan ikan yang menghuni perairan jernih kolam kecil di taman.

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marine
marine
[Adjektiva]

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

laut

laut

Ex: Marine conservation efforts aim to protect endangered species and preserve marine habitats. 

Upaya konservasi laut bertujuan untuk melindungi spesies yang terancam punah dan melestarikan habitat laut.

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peak
peak
[Kata benda]

the pointed top of a mountain

puncak, puncak gunung

puncak, puncak gunung

Ex: From the peak, they could see for miles in every direction. 

Dari puncak, mereka bisa melihat bermil-mil ke segala arah.

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