Vocabulário essencial para TOEFL - Geography

a field of science that studies the structure of the earth and its history

geologia

one half of the earth divided by the equator

hemisfério

the distance between an object or point and sea level

altitude

the distance of a point north or south of the equator that is measured in degrees

latitude

relating to or characteristic of any continent

continental

the distance of a point east or west of the meridian at Greenwich that is measured in degrees

longitude

each of the two parallel and imaginary lines around the earth that is 23°26ʹ south or north of the equator

tropico

associated with or characteristic of the tropics, regions of the Earth near the equator known for their warm climate and lush vegetation

tropical

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

horizonte

a hypothetical line around the Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern hemispheres

equador

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

península

land with mountains or hills

altiplano

located away from the coast

interior

having many hills

acidentado

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

terreno

a stretch of land forming part of a hill or mountain

declive

the most northern or most southern points of the earth that are joined by its axis of rotation

polo

a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

ravina

a smaller part of a river that is separated from the main and larger part

afluente

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

corrente

the rise and fall of the sea level, which happens regularly, as a result of the attraction of the sun and moon

maré

an area of sea that is partly surrounded by land, with a narrow opening

golfo

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

costeiro

the round top of a volcano

cratera

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

lava

a very large floating piece of ice

iceberg

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

glacial

a valley that is deep and has very steep sides, through which a river is flowing usually

cânion

a ridge of rock or a line of sand near the surface of a body of water

recife

a natural underwater structure formed by coral

recife de coral

an area containing still water that is comparatively smaller than a lake, particularly one that is made artificially

lagoa

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

marinho

the pointed top of a mountain

pico