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権力関係の動詞 - 権力に反応する動詞

ここでは、「従う」、「反抗する」、「反逆する」など、権力に反応することを表す英語の動詞をいくつか学びます。

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Categorized English Verbs Denoting Power Relations
to conform
[動詞]

to be or act in accordance with a rule, standard, etc.

従う (したがう), 準拠する (じゅんきょする)

従う (したがう), 準拠する (じゅんきょする)

Ex: In formal settings, it is customary to conform to established etiquette.
to obey
[動詞]

to follow commands, rules, or orders

従う (したがう),  obey (オベイ)

従う (したがう), obey (オベイ)

Ex: In a classroom , students are expected obey the teacher 's directions .
to abdicate
[動詞]

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

退位する(たいいする), 放棄する(ほうきする)

退位する(たいいする), 放棄する(ほうきする)

Ex: The ruler abdicating the throne due to health concerns .
to comply
[動詞]

to act in accordance with rules, regulations, or requests

従う (したがう), 応じる (おうじる)

従う (したがう), 応じる (おうじる)

Ex: Last month , the construction complied with the revised building codes .
to yield
[動詞]

to give up or hand over control, often a territory or authority, to someone else

譲渡する (じょうとする), 引き渡す (ひきわたす)

譲渡する (じょうとする), 引き渡す (ひきわたす)

Ex: The ruler chose yield power peacefully to a new government , avoiding conflict .

to stop resisting something and accept it

降伏する (こうふくする), 屈服する (くっぷくする)

降伏する (こうふくする), 屈服する (くっぷくする)

Ex: The general decided capitulate rather than risk further loss of troops .
to disobey
[動詞]

to refuse to follow rules, commands, or orders

従わない (したがわない), 反抗する (はんこうする)

従わない (したがわない), 反抗する (はんこうする)

Ex: Disobeying a court order can result in serious legal consequences .
to resist
[動詞]

to use force to prevent something from happening or to fight against an attack

抵抗する, 抗う

抵抗する, 抗う

Ex: Despite facing overwhelming odds , the army continued resist the enemy 's advance , refusing to surrender their position .
to buck
[動詞]

to strongly resist or oppose something

反抗する, 抵抗する

反抗する, 抵抗する

Ex: The community bucking the attempt to force them out of their homes .
to withstand
[動詞]

to resist or endure the force, pressure, or challenges imposed upon oneself

耐える (たえる), 抵抗する (ていこうする)

耐える (たえる), 抵抗する (ていこうする)

Ex: The fabric used in outdoor furniture is designed withstand exposure to harsh weather .
to defy
[動詞]

to refuse to respect a person of authority or to observe a law, rule, etc.

無視する, 反抗する

無視する, 反抗する

Ex: The activists defying the government 's attempt to suppress freedom of speech .
to oppose
[動詞]

to firmly resist something

反対する, 抵抗する

反対する, 抵抗する

Ex: opposed the eviction notice , refusing to leave the property until their case was heard .
to rebel
[動詞]

to oppose a ruler or government

反抗する, 反乱を起こす

反抗する, 反乱を起こす

Ex: The group of activists aims to inspire others rebel against systemic injustice .
to revolt
[動詞]

to lead a sudden and often forceful change against a government or system that is perceived as oppressive, seeking a radical transformation

反乱する, 暴動を起こす

反乱する, 暴動を起こす

Ex: The oppressed population organized revolt against the dictator 's rule .
to overthrow
[動詞]

to forcefully remove a person of authority or power from their position

 overthrow(打倒する), 転覆する

overthrow(打倒する), 転覆する

Ex: The leader overthrown in a sudden and violent uprising .
to depose
[動詞]

to remove someone from a position of power or authority, often through force or legal action

罷免する, 退位させる

罷免する, 退位させる

Ex: The council voted depose the mayor for mismanagement of funds .
to overturn
[動詞]

to cause the downfall or removal of rulers or leaders

打倒する (だとうする), 転覆する (てんぷくする)

打倒する (だとうする), 転覆する (てんぷくする)

Ex: The uprising aimed overturn the autocratic ruler and establish a more democratic system .
to rise up
[動詞]

to join a rebellion or reject a previous allegiance, often as a group effort against authority or for a cause

立ち上がる, 反乱を起こす

立ち上がる, 反乱を起こす

Ex: Citizens from different backgrounds united rise up and demand justice .
to riot
[動詞]

to engage in violent and disorderly behavior, typically by a group of people, often in protest or as a reaction to a perceived injustice

暴動を起こす(ぼうどうをおこす), 騒乱する(そうらんする)

暴動を起こす(ぼうどうをおこす), 騒乱する(そうらんする)

Ex: rioted on campus , expressing their dissatisfaction with the administration .
to surrender
[動詞]

to give up resistance or stop fighting against an enemy or opponent

降伏する, 屈服する

降伏する, 屈服する

Ex: The general surrenders to avoid unnecessary conflict .
to cede
[動詞]

to hand over power, land, or a position to another, particularly due to being forced

譲渡する, 譲る

譲渡する, 譲る

Ex: The country is ceding control of its key industries .
to submit
[動詞]

to accept the control, authority, or superiority of someone or something

従う (したがう), 服従する (ふくじゅうする)

従う (したがう), 服従する (ふくじゅうする)

Ex: In negotiations , both parties need to find common ground rather than forcing one submit.
to hand over
[動詞]

to transfer the possession or control of someone or something to another person or entity

引き渡す, 譲渡する

引き渡す, 譲渡する

Ex: handed over the keys to the new homeowner .
to abide by
[動詞]

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

従う (したがう), 遵守する (じゅんしゅする)

従う (したがう), 遵守する (じゅんしゅする)

Ex: During the court trial , witnesses are required abide by the judge 's directives .
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