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ACT 数学と評価 - Economics

ここでは、ACT の合格に役立つ「財務」、「商品」、「預金」など、経済に関連する英単語をいくつか学びます。

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ACT Vocabulary for Math and Assessment
to compensate

to give something, particularly money, to make up for the difficulty, pain, damage, etc. that someone has suffered

補償する

補償する

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[動詞]
to reimburse

to repay someone for expenses or losses they have experienced

払い戻す

払い戻す

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[動詞]
to accrue

(particularly related to money) to gradually increase in amount or number

蓄積する

蓄積する

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[動詞]
to donate

to freely give goods, money, or food to someone or an organization

寄付する

寄付する

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[動詞]
to fundraise

to seek financial contributions or donations for a particular cause, organization, or event

資金を調達する

資金を調達する

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[動詞]
to acquire

to buy or begin to have something

取得する

取得する

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[動詞]
to borrow

to use or take something belonging to someone else, with the idea of returning it

借りる

借りる

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[動詞]
to deposit

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

預ける

預ける

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[動詞]
to garner

to obtain or earn something desired or needed, typically through effort or skill

得る

得る

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[動詞]
tariff

a tax paid on goods imported or exported

関税

関税

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[名詞]
levy

a charge or fee set, especially by authority or law

課徴金

課徴金

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[名詞]
dividend

an amount of money paid regularly to the shareholders of a company

配当金

配当金

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[名詞]
revenue

money that an organization or business earns over a period of time

収益

収益

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[名詞]
asset bubble

a situation in which the prices of assets, such as stocks, real estate, or commodities, become significantly inflated beyond their intrinsic value due to speculative investing or market hype

資産バブル

資産バブル

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[名詞]
expense

the amount of money spent to do or have something

費用

費用

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[名詞]
austerity

strict economic measures implemented by a government to reduce public expenditure and budget deficits

緊縮

緊縮

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[名詞]
commercialization

the process of introducing a new product or service into the market for sale

商業化

商業化

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[名詞]
commodity

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

商品

商品

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[名詞]
asset

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

資産

資産

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[名詞]
boom-bust cycle

an economic cycle characterized by periods of rapid economic expansion followed by periods of contraction or recession

ブームバストサイクル

ブームバストサイクル

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[名詞]
economy of scale

the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to size, output, or scale of operation

規模の経済

規模の経済

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[名詞]
stock market

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

株式市場

株式市場

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[名詞]
fiduciary

a person or organization that holds a position of trust, responsibility, and confidence to manage assets or property on behalf of others

受託者

受託者

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[名詞]
depreciation

a decline in something's price or value

減価

減価

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[名詞]
salvage value

the estimated residual value of an asset at the end of its useful life

残存価値

残存価値

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[名詞]
auction

a public sale in which goods or properties are sold to the person who bids higher

オークション

オークション

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[名詞]
transaction

the general process of purchasing or selling something

取引

取引

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[名詞]
subsidy

an amount of money that a government or organization pays to lower the costs of producing goods or providing services so that prices do not increase

補助金

補助金

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[名詞]
monopoly

a situation in which one organization or entity exclusively controls the production, distribution, or trade of a product or service, making other rivals unable to compete

独占

独占

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[名詞]
handout

money, food, or other resources distributed freely to those in need, typically by an organization or government

手当て

手当て

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[名詞]
tuition

an amount of money that one pays to receive an education, particularly in a university or college

学費

学費

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[名詞]
recession

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

景気後退

景気後退

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[名詞]
bankruptcy

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

破産

破産

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[名詞]
blockbuster

a thing that achieves great widespread popularity or financial success, particularly a movie, book, or other product

大ヒット

大ヒット

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[名詞]
stake

an amount of money invested in a business

出資

出資

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[名詞]
consumer

someone who buys and uses services or goods

消費者

消費者

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[名詞]
investor

a person or organization that provides money or resources to a business or project with the expectation of making a profit

投資家

投資家

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[名詞]
overhead

the regular costs required for maintaining a business or an organization

間接費

間接費

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[名詞]
outlay

an amount of budget dedicated to something

支出

支出

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[名詞]
opulence

wealth or affluence, especially when displayed in a showy manner

豪華

豪華

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[名詞]
treasury

the funds and resources that a country or organization controls

財務省

財務省

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[名詞]
bounty

a reward or payment given as motivation for completing a task or reaching an objective

報酬

報酬

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[名詞]
ledger

a book or digital record that contains financial transactions and balances, organized by accounts

元帳

元帳

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[名詞]
pecuniary

involving or about money

財政的

財政的

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[形容詞]
fiscal

relating to government revenue or public money, especially taxes

財政の

財政の

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[形容詞]
monetary

relating to money or currency

通貨の

通貨の

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[形容詞]
lucrative

capable of producing a lot of profit or earning a great amount of money for someone

収益性のある

収益性のある

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[形容詞]
marketable

desirable or sought after, especially by employers or in the marketplace

市場性のある

市場性のある

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[形容詞]
intensive

(in business) concentrating on or using something a lot, such as a piece of equipment, etc.

集中的

集中的

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[形容詞]
profitable

(of a business) making or yielding profit

利益をもたらす

利益をもたらす

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[形容詞]
nonprofit

(of an organization, activity, etc.) operating without the goal of generating any financial benefits

非営利の

非営利の

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[形容詞]
capitalistic

characterized by an economic system where private ownership of businesses and resources drives production and distribution with a focus on profit

資本主義的

資本主義的

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[形容詞]
high-end

having a much higher quality and price than the rest of their kind

高級な

高級な

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[形容詞]
parsimonious

spending money very reluctantly

けちな

けちな

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[形容詞]
extravagant

costing a lot of money, more than the necessary or affordable amount

 extravagant

extravagant

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[形容詞]
affluent

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

裕福な

裕福な

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[形容詞]
upscale

high quality, luxurious, or intended for a wealthier clientele

高級な

高級な

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[形容詞]
lavish

(of people) spending money in an extravagant or generous manner

贅沢な

贅沢な

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[形容詞]
real estate

a piece of land, building, or other similar property as opposed to personal possessions

不動産

不動産

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[名詞]
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