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Matematică și Evaluare ACT - Economics

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de economie, cum ar fi "trezorerie", "marfă", "depozit" etc. care te vor ajuta să treci de ACT-urile tale.

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ACT Vocabulary for Math and Assessment
to compensate

to give something, particularly money, to make up for the difficulty, pain, damage, etc. that someone has suffered

compensa,  despăgubi

compensa, despăgubi

Ex: Insurance companies often compensate policyholders for property damage or loss. 
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to reimburse

to repay someone for expenses or losses they have experienced

rambursa, despăgubi

rambursa, despăgubi

Ex: If you provide the receipts, we'll be happy to reimburse you for the business-related expenses. 
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to accrue
to accrue
[verb]

(particularly related to money) to gradually increase in amount or number

acumula, crește

acumula, crește

Ex: Interest accrues on the savings account, allowing the balance to grow steadily over the years. 
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to donate
to donate
[verb]

to freely give goods, money, or food to someone or an organization

dona, face o donație

dona, face o donație

Ex: Individuals often donate clothing to local shelters during the winter months. 
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to fundraise

to seek financial contributions or donations for a particular cause, organization, or event

strânge fonduri, face fundraising

strânge fonduri, face fundraising

Ex: They fundraised tirelessly to support cancer research. 
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to acquire

to buy or begin to have something

dobândi, cumpăra

dobândi, cumpăra

Ex: Sophie was thrilled to acquire a rare and valuable stamp for her collection. 
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to borrow
to borrow
[verb]

to use or take something belonging to someone else, with the idea of returning it

împrumuta, a lua cu împrumut

împrumuta, a lua cu împrumut

Ex: Can I borrow your umbrella? It's raining outside, and I left mine at home. 
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to deposit

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

depune, vira

depune, vira

Ex: She deposited her paycheck into her savings account to start building her nest egg. 
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to garner
to garner
[verb]

to obtain or earn something desired or needed, typically through effort or skill

obține, câștiga

obține, câștiga

Ex: She garnered support from the community for her environmental initiative. 
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tariff
tariff
[substantiv]

a tax paid on goods imported or exported

tarif, taxă vamală

tarif, taxă vamală

Ex: The government imposed a tariff on imported steel to protect domestic producers. 
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levy
levy
[substantiv]

a charge or fee set, especially by authority or law

o taxă, un impozit

o taxă, un impozit

Ex: The government imposed a levy on imported goods to protect local industries. 
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dividend
dividend
[substantiv]

an amount of money paid regularly to the shareholders of a company

dividend

dividend

Ex: The company announced a quarterly dividend of $1 per share. 
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revenue
revenue
[substantiv]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

venituri, încasări

venituri, încasări

Ex: The company's annual revenue exceeded expectations. 
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asset bubble
asset bubble
[substantiv]

a situation in which the prices of assets, such as stocks, real estate, or commodities, become significantly inflated beyond their intrinsic value due to speculative investing or market hype

bulă de active, bulă speculativă

bulă de active, bulă speculativă

Ex: During the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, many technology stocks experienced an asset bubble. 
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expense
expense
[substantiv]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

cheltuială,  cost

cheltuială, cost

Ex: Keeping track of your monthly expenses can help you create a realistic budget. 
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austerity
austerity
[substantiv]

strict economic measures implemented by a government to reduce public expenditure and budget deficits

austeritate

austeritate

Ex: The government implemented austerity measures to tackle the mounting national debt. 
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commercialization
commercialization
[substantiv]

the process of introducing a new product or service into the market for sale

comercializare, lansare pe piață

comercializare, lansare pe piață

Ex: The commercialization of electric vehicles has increased significantly in recent years. 
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commodity
commodity
[substantiv]

(economics) an unprocessed material that can be traded in different exchanges or marketplaces

marfă, materie primă

marfă, materie primă

Ex: Oil has long been a highly valued commodity on the global market, influencing economies and politics. 
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asset
asset
[substantiv]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

activ, resursă valoroasă

activ, resursă valoroasă

Ex: Real estate is considered a valuable asset due to its potential for long-term appreciation and rental income. 
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boom-bust cycle
boom-bust cycle
[substantiv]

an economic cycle characterized by periods of rapid economic expansion followed by periods of contraction or recession

ciclu boom-colaps, ciclu de expansiune-recesiune

ciclu boom-colaps, ciclu de expansiune-recesiune

Ex: The housing market experienced a classic boom-bust cycle, with prices soaring rapidly before crashing suddenly. 
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economy of scale
economy of scale
[substantiv]

the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to size, output, or scale of operation

economie de scară, beneficii de scară

economie de scară, beneficii de scară

Ex: Large manufacturers benefit from economy of scale by producing goods at lower costs per unit. 
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stock market
stock market
[substantiv]

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

piața de capital, bursă de valori

piața de capital, bursă de valori

Ex: The stock market experienced a significant drop today, causing investors to worry about their portfolios. 
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fiduciary
fiduciary
[substantiv]

a person or organization that holds a position of trust, responsibility, and confidence to manage assets or property on behalf of others

fiduciar, administrator

fiduciar, administrator

Ex: As a fiduciary, the trustee must act in the best interests of the beneficiaries. 
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depreciation
depreciation
[substantiv]

a decline in something's price or value

depreciere, amortizare

depreciere, amortizare

Ex: The depreciation of the currency has led to an increase in the cost of imported goods. 
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salvage value
salvage value
[substantiv]

the estimated residual value of an asset at the end of its useful life

valoare de salvare, valoare reziduală

valoare de salvare, valoare reziduală

Ex: The salvage value of the old machinery was estimated to be $5,000 after ten years of use. 
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auction
auction
[substantiv]

a public sale in which goods or properties are sold to the person who bids higher

licitație, vânzare la licitație

licitație, vânzare la licitație

Ex: The painting was sold at an auction for a record-breaking price. 
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transaction
transaction
[substantiv]

the general process of purchasing or selling something

tranzacție, operațiune

tranzacție, operațiune

Ex: The transaction of his public duties requires careful planning and execution. 
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subsidy
subsidy
[substantiv]

an amount of money that a government or organization pays to lower the costs of producing goods or providing services so that prices do not increase

subvenție, ajutor financiar

subvenție, ajutor financiar

Ex: The government provides subsidies to farmers to support agricultural production and maintain food security. 
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monopoly
monopoly
[substantiv]

a situation in which one organization or entity exclusively controls the production, distribution, or trade of a product or service, making other rivals unable to compete

monopol, monopol de afaceri

monopol, monopol de afaceri

Ex: Many indie bookstores face challenges in a landscape dominated by the monopoly of major online retailers. 
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handout
handout
[substantiv]

money, food, or other resources distributed freely to those in need, typically by an organization or government

ajutor, subvenție

ajutor, subvenție

Ex: The government provides financial handouts to support low-income families during economic downturns. 
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tuition
tuition
[substantiv]

an amount of money that one pays to receive an education, particularly in a university or college

taxă de școlarizare, taxă de învățământ

taxă de școlarizare, taxă de învățământ

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recession
recession
[substantiv]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

recesiune

recesiune

Ex: During the recession, many businesses were forced to close, leading to widespread job losses. 
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bankruptcy
bankruptcy
[substantiv]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

faliment, bankrut

faliment, bankrut

Ex: The company declared bankruptcy after years of financial losses. 
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blockbuster
blockbuster
[substantiv]

a thing that achieves great widespread popularity or financial success, particularly a movie, book, or other product

un succes la box office, un blockbuster

un succes la box office, un blockbuster

Ex: The new superhero movie became a blockbuster, earning over $1 billion at the box office. 
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stake
stake
[substantiv]

an amount of money invested in a business

parte, participare

parte, participare

Ex: She purchased a significant stake in the startup company to support its growth. 
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consumer
consumer
[substantiv]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

consumator, client

consumator, client

Ex: As a consumer, she prefers products that are eco-friendly and sustainable. 
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investor
investor
[substantiv]

a person or organization that provides money or resources to a business or project with the expectation of making a profit

investitor, finanțator

investitor, finanțator

Ex: The investor provided capital to help the startup launch. 
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overhead
overhead
[substantiv]

the regular costs required for maintaining a business or an organization

cheltuieli generale

cheltuieli generale

Ex: Rent, utilities, and insurance are all part of the company's overhead. 
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outlay
outlay
[substantiv]

the sum of money spent

cheltuială, investiție

cheltuială, investiție

Ex: The total outlay for the renovations was $50,000. 
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opulence
opulence
[substantiv]

wealth or affluence, especially when displayed in a showy manner

opulență, bogăție

opulență, bogăție

Ex: Tourists often visit the city to witness the opulence of its historic mansions and estates. 
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treasury
treasury
[substantiv]

the funds and resources that a country or organization controls

tezaur, vistierie

tezaur, vistierie

Ex: The government announced a new budget for the national treasury. 
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bounty
bounty
[substantiv]

a reward or payment given as motivation for completing a task or reaching an objective

recompensă, premiu

recompensă, premiu

Ex: The company offered a generous bounty for employees who referred qualified candidates. 
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ledger
ledger
[substantiv]

a book or digital record that contains financial transactions and balances, organized by accounts

registru contabil, carte mare

registru contabil, carte mare

Ex: The accountant updated the ledger with the latest transactions. 
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pecuniary
pecuniary
[adjectiv]

involving or about money

pecuniar, financiar

pecuniar, financiar

Ex: The contract outlined the pecuniary benefits offered to the employees. 
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fiscal
fiscal
[adjectiv]

relating to government revenue or public money, especially taxes

fiscal, bugetar

fiscal, bugetar

Ex: The government faces challenges in balancing fiscal priorities while addressing social needs. 
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monetary
monetary
[adjectiv]

relating to money or currency

monetar, bănesc

monetar, bănesc

Ex: The central bank sets monetary policy to regulate the supply of money in the economy. 
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lucrative
lucrative
[adjectiv]

capable of producing a lot of profit or earning a great amount of money for someone

lucrativ, profitabil

lucrativ, profitabil

Ex: The real estate market in the city is highly lucrative for investors. 
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marketable
marketable
[adjectiv]

desirable or sought after, especially by employers or in the marketplace

comercializabil, căutat

comercializabil, căutat

Ex: His computer programming skills make him highly marketable in the tech industry. 
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intensive
intensive
[adjectiv]

(in business) concentrating on or using something a lot, such as a piece of equipment, etc.

intensiv, de înaltă intensitate

intensiv, de înaltă intensitate

Ex: The company adopted a labor-intensive production method to reduce costs. 
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profitable
profitable
[adjectiv]

(of a business) providing benefits or valuable returns

profitabil, rentabil

profitabil, rentabil

Ex: The new marketing strategy proved highly profitable, increasing the company's revenue by 20% in just six months. 
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nonprofit
nonprofit
[adjectiv]

(of an organization, activity, etc.) operating without the goal of generating any financial benefits

non-profit, fără scop lucrativ

non-profit, fără scop lucrativ

Ex: ertaining to an organization or activity that does not operate for the purpose of making a profit. 
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capitalistic
capitalistic
[adjectiv]

characterized by an economic system where private ownership of businesses and resources drives production and distribution with a focus on profit

capitalist, capitalistic

capitalist, capitalistic

Ex: The country's economy is largely capitalistic, with a strong emphasis on free markets. 
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high-end
high-end
[adjectiv]

having a much higher quality and price than the rest of their kind

de înaltă calitate, exclusiv

de înaltă calitate, exclusiv

Ex: She treated herself to a high-end handbag as a reward for reaching her career goals. 
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parsimonious
parsimonious
[adjectiv]

spending money very reluctantly

avarițios, econom

avarițios, econom

Ex: Critics argued the government had grown too parsimonious in funding for education and social programs. 
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extravagant
extravagant
[adjectiv]

costing a lot of money, more than the necessary or affordable amount

extravagant, luxos

extravagant, luxos

Ex: She threw an extravagant birthday party with live music and gourmet catering. 
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affluent
affluent
[adjectiv]

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

avut, bogat

avut, bogat

Ex: The affluent neighborhood was characterized by its luxurious homes and upscale amenities. 
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upscale
upscale
[adjectiv]

high quality, luxurious, or intended for a wealthier clientele

exclusiv, luxos

exclusiv, luxos

Ex: The upscale restaurant offered a menu featuring gourmet dishes prepared with the finest ingredients. 
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lavish
lavish
[adjectiv]

generous in giving or expressing

generos, risipitor

generos, risipitor

Ex: The team received lavish praise for their outstanding performance. 
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real estate
real estate
[substantiv]

a piece of land, building, or other similar property as opposed to personal possessions

bun imobiliar,  proprietate imobiliară

bun imobiliar, proprietate imobiliară

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