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Matematika at Pagtatasa sa ACT - Ekonomiya

Matutunan ang bokabularyo ng ACT para sa ekonomiya, kabilang ang mga pamilihan, presyo, suplay, demand, produksyon, pagkonsumo, mapagkukunan, at iba pang pangunahing konsepto ng ekonomiya.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
ACT Vocabulary for Math and Assessment
to compensate
to compensate
[Pandiwa]

to give someone money or another benefit for loss, injury, damage, or inconvenience they have suffered

bayaran,  kabayaran

bayaran, kabayaran

Ex: The airline compensated Sarah for her lost luggage. 
to reimburse
to reimburse
[Pandiwa]

to repay someone for expenses or losses they have experienced

bayaran, suhulan

bayaran, suhulan

Ex: The insurance plan will reimburse policyholders for medical bills covered under the policy. 

Ang plano ng seguro ay magbabayad pabalik sa mga may-ari ng polisa para sa mga bayarin sa medisina na sakop ng polisa.

to accrue
to accrue
[Pandiwa]

(particularly related to money) to gradually increase in amount or number

maipon, dumami

maipon, dumami

Ex: Interest accrues on the savings account, allowing the balance to grow steadily over the years. 

Ang interes ay naipon sa savings account, na nagpapahintulot sa balanse na lumago nang tuluy-tuloy sa paglipas ng mga taon.

to donate
to donate
[Pandiwa]

to freely give goods, money, or food to someone or an organization

magbigay, magdonasyon

magbigay, magdonasyon

Ex: Individuals often donate clothing to local shelters during the winter months. 

Ang mga indibidwal ay madalas na nagdo-donate ng damit sa mga lokal na tirahan sa mga buwan ng taglamig.

to fundraise
to fundraise
[Pandiwa]

to seek financial contributions or donations for a particular cause, organization, or event

mangalap ng pondo, mag-fundraise

mangalap ng pondo, mag-fundraise

Ex: They fundraised tirelessly to support cancer research. 

Sila ay nag-fundraise nang walang pagod upang suportahan ang pananaliksik sa kanser.

to acquire
to acquire
[Pandiwa]

to buy or begin to have something

matamo, bumili

matamo, bumili

Ex: She acquired a rare painting for her collection at the auction. 
to borrow
to borrow
[Pandiwa]

to use or take something belonging to someone else, with the idea of returning it

humiram, manghiram

humiram, manghiram

Ex: Instead of buying a lawnmower, he chose to borrow one from his neighbor for the weekend. 
to deposit
to deposit
[Pandiwa]

to put an amount of money or other item of value into a bank account

ideposito, magdeposito

ideposito, magdeposito

Ex: The student deposited the scholarship award in her college tuition account to cover expenses. 
to garner
to garner
[Pandiwa]

to obtain or earn something desired or needed, typically through effort or skill

makamit, kumita

makamit, kumita

Ex: She garnered support from the community for her environmental initiative. 

Siya ay nakakuha ng suporta mula sa komunidad para sa kanyang inisyatibo sa kapaligiran.

tariff
tariff
[Pangngalan]

a tax imposed by a government on goods imported into or exported from a country

taripa,  bayad sa pag-angkat

taripa, bayad sa pag-angkat

Ex: The government imposed a tariff on imported steel. 
levy
levy
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money officially charged as a tax, fee, or other compulsory payment

buwis,  bayad

buwis, bayad

Ex: The government introduced a new levy on imported vehicles. 
dividend
dividend
[Pangngalan]

a share of a company's profits paid to its shareholders

dibidendo,  dibidendo

dibidendo, dibidendo

Ex: The company increased its annual dividend after reporting record profits. 
revenue
revenue
[Pangngalan]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

kita, kita

kita, kita

Ex: The restaurant's revenue increased during the holiday season. 
asset bubble
asset bubble
[Pangngalan]

a situation in which the prices of assets, such as stocks, real estate, or commodities, become significantly inflated beyond their intrinsic value due to speculative investing or market hype

bula ng asset, bula ng spekulatibo

bula ng asset, bula ng spekulatibo

Ex: Investors scrambled to sell their holdings before the asset bubble burst, fearing significant losses in their portfolios. 

Nagmamadali ang mga investor na ibenta ang kanilang mga hawak bago sumabog ang asset bubble, sa takot ng malaking pagkalugi sa kanilang mga portfolio.

expense
expense
[Pangngalan]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

gastos,  halaga

gastos, halaga

Ex: Many people use budgeting apps to categorize their expenses and identify areas where they can cut back to save money. 
austerity
austerity
[Pangngalan]

strict economic measures implemented by a government to reduce public expenditure and budget deficits

pagtitipid

pagtitipid

Ex: The government implemented austerity measures to tackle the mounting national debt. 

Ang pamahalaan ay nagpatupad ng mga hakbang sa pagtitipid upang malutas ang lumalaking pambansang utang.

commercialization
commercialization
[Pangngalan]

the process of introducing a new product or service into the market for sale

pagnenegosyo, paglabas sa merkado

pagnenegosyo, paglabas sa merkado

Ex: The commercialization of electric vehicles has increased significantly in recent years. 

Ang pagnenegosyo ng mga de-koryenteng sasakyan ay tumaas nang malaki sa mga nakaraang taon.

commodity
commodity
[Pangngalan]

a product or raw material that can be bought and sold, especially in large quantities on financial markets

kalakal

kalakal

Ex: Oil is one of the world's most heavily traded commodities. 
asset
asset
[Pangngalan]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

asset, mahalagang mapagkukunan

asset, mahalagang mapagkukunan

Ex: Goodwill, reflecting a company's reputation and customer loyalty, is considered an asset on its balance sheet. 
boom-bust cycle
boom-bust cycle
[Pangngalan]

an economic cycle characterized by periods of rapid economic expansion followed by periods of contraction or recession

siklo ng boom-bust, siklo ng pag-unlad-at-pagbagsak

siklo ng boom-bust, siklo ng pag-unlad-at-pagbagsak

Ex: The housing market experienced a classic boom-bust cycle, with prices soaring rapidly before crashing suddenly. 

Ang housing market ay nakaranas ng isang klasikong boom-bust cycle, kung saan ang mga presyo ay mabilis na tumaas bago biglang bumagsak.

economy of scale
economy of scale
[Pangngalan]

the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to size, output, or scale of operation

ekonomiya ng sukat, kabutihan sa sukat

ekonomiya ng sukat, kabutihan sa sukat

Ex: Large manufacturers benefit from economy of scale by producing goods at lower costs per unit. 

Ang malalaking tagagawa ay nakikinabang sa ekonomiya ng sukat sa pamamagitan ng paggawa ng mga kalakal sa mas mababang gastos bawat yunit.

stock market
stock market
[Pangngalan]

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

pamilihan ng stock, stock market

pamilihan ng stock, stock market

Ex: The stock market experienced a significant drop today, causing investors to worry about their portfolios. 

Ang stock market ay nakaranas ng malaking pagbaba ngayon, na nagdulot ng pag-aalala sa mga investor tungkol sa kanilang mga portfolio.

fiduciary
fiduciary
[Pangngalan]

a person or organization that holds a position of trust, responsibility, and confidence to manage assets or property on behalf of others

tiwala, tagapangasiwa

tiwala, tagapangasiwa

Ex: As a fiduciary, the trustee must act in the best interests of the beneficiaries. 

Bilang isang tagapangalaga, ang trustee ay dapat kumilos sa pinakamabuting interes ng mga benepisyaryo.

depreciation
depreciation
[Pangngalan]

a decline in something's price or value

depresasyon, pagbaba ng halaga

depresasyon, pagbaba ng halaga

Ex: The depreciation of the currency has led to an increase in the cost of imported goods. 

Ang depresasyon ng pera ay nagdulot ng pagtaas sa halaga ng mga imported na kalakal.

salvage value
salvage value
[Pangngalan]

the estimated residual value of an asset at the end of its useful life

halaga ng pagsagip, natitirang halaga

halaga ng pagsagip, natitirang halaga

Ex: The salvage value of the old machinery was estimated to be $5,000 after ten years of use. 

Ang salvage value ng lumang makinarya ay tinatayang $5,000 pagkatapos ng sampung taon ng paggamit.

auction
auction
[Pangngalan]

a sale in which goods or property are sold to the person who offers the highest price

Ex: The painting was sold at auction for $20,000. 
transaction
transaction
[Pangngalan]

the general process of purchasing or selling something

transaksyon, operasyon

transaksyon, operasyon

Ex: Automating the transaction of routine tasks can significantly improve efficiency. 
subsidy
subsidy
[Pangngalan]

money provided by a government or organization to support or encourage an activity, industry, service, or expense

subsidiya,  tulong

subsidiya, tulong

Ex: The government provides subsidies to farmers during difficult growing seasons. 
monopoly
monopoly
[Pangngalan]

a market situation in which a single company or supplier has exclusive control over a product or service and faces no effective competition

monopolyo,  monopolya

monopolyo, monopolya

Ex: The merger could create a monopoly in the regional energy market. 
handout
handout
[Pangngalan]

money, food, or other resources distributed freely to those in need, typically by an organization or government

tulong, subsidy

tulong, subsidy

Ex: The government provides financial handouts to support low-income families during economic downturns. 

Ang pamahalaan ay nagbibigay ng tulong pinansyal upang suportahan ang mga pamilyang may mababang kita sa panahon ng paghina ng ekonomiya.

tuition
tuition
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money that one pays to receive an education, particularly in a university or college

matrikula, bayad sa pag-aaral

matrikula, bayad sa pag-aaral

recession
recession
[Pangngalan]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

recession

recession

Ex: Economists predicted that the recession would last for several quarters before signs of recovery would emerge. 
bankruptcy
bankruptcy
[Pangngalan]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

pagkabangkarote, pagsasara

pagkabangkarote, pagsasara

Ex: The company declared bankruptcy after years of financial losses. 
blockbuster
blockbuster
[Pangngalan]

a thing that achieves great widespread popularity or financial success, particularly a movie, book, or other product

isang blockbuster, isang malaking tagumpay

isang blockbuster, isang malaking tagumpay

Ex: The new superhero movie became a blockbuster, earning over $1 billion at the box office. 

Ang bagong superhero film ay naging isang blockbuster, kumita ng mahigit $1 bilyon sa takilya.

stake
stake
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money invested in a business

bahagi, puhunan

bahagi, puhunan

Ex: The family-owned business decided to sell a minority stake to raise funds for expansion. 
consumer
consumer
[Pangngalan]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

konsumer, kliyente

konsumer, kliyente

Ex: Online reviews play a significant role in helping consumers make informed choices. 
investor
investor
[Pangngalan]

a person or organization that provides money or resources to a business or project with the expectation of making a profit

namumuhunan, investor

namumuhunan, investor

Ex: Investors are often attracted to businesses with high growth potential. 
overhead
overhead
[Pangngalan]

the regular costs required for maintaining a business or an organization

pangkalahatang gastos

pangkalahatang gastos

Ex: Rent, utilities, and insurance are all part of the company's overhead. 
outlay
outlay
[Pangngalan]

the sum of money spent

gastos, puhunan

gastos, puhunan

Ex: Investors assessed the outlay before funding the venture. 

Sinuri ng mga mamumuhunan ang gastos bago pondohan ang negosyo.

opulence
opulence
[Pangngalan]

wealth or affluence, especially when displayed in a showy manner

kayamanan, kasaganahan

kayamanan, kasaganahan

Ex: The opulence of the royal palace was evident in its gold-trimmed walls and lavish furnishings. 

Ang kasaganaan ng palasyo ng hari ay kitang-kita sa mga pader na may gintong palamuti at marangyang kasangkapan.

treasury
treasury
[Pangngalan]

the money, funds, or financial resources belonging to a government, organization, or institution

kaban ng bayan,  tesorerya

kaban ng bayan, tesorerya

Ex: The emergency placed a heavy burden on the national treasury. 
bounty
bounty
[Pangngalan]

a reward or payment given as motivation for completing a task or reaching an objective

gantimpala, premyo

gantimpala, premyo

Ex: There is a bounty for information leading to the capture of the fugitive. 

May gantimpala para sa impormasyong magdudulot ng paghuli sa fugitive.

ledger
ledger
[Pangngalan]

a book or digital record that contains financial transactions and balances, organized by accounts

malaking aklat, talaan ng pananalapi

malaking aklat, talaan ng pananalapi

Ex: The accountant updated the ledger with the latest transactions. 

In-update ng accountant ang ledger kasama ang pinakabagong mga transaksyon.

pecuniary
pecuniary
[pang-uri]

involving or about money

pang-salapi, pinansyal

pang-salapi, pinansyal

Ex: The contract outlined the pecuniary benefits offered to the employees. 

Ang kontrata ay nagbalangkas ng mga pinansyal na benepisyo na inaalok sa mga empleyado.

fiscal
fiscal
[pang-uri]

relating to government revenue, spending, taxation, or other public finances

piskal,  nauukol sa pananalapi

piskal, nauukol sa pananalapi

Ex: The government introduced new fiscal measures to reduce the deficit. 
monetary
monetary
[pang-uri]

relating to money or currency

pananalapi, salapi

pananalapi, salapi

Ex: The central bank sets monetary policy to regulate the supply of money in the economy. 

Ang bangko sentral ay nagtatakda ng patakaran pananalapi upang ayusin ang suplay ng pera sa ekonomiya.

lucrative
lucrative
[pang-uri]

capable of producing a lot of profit or earning a great amount of money for someone

matubo, kumikita

matubo, kumikita

Ex: The real estate market in the city is highly lucrative for investors. 

Ang real estate market sa lungsod ay lubhang kumikita para sa mga investor.

marketable
marketable
[pang-uri]

desirable or sought after, especially by employers or in the marketplace

napagbibili, hinahanap

napagbibili, hinahanap

Ex: His computer programming skills make him highly marketable in the tech industry. 

Ang kanyang mga kasanayan sa programming ng computer ay nagpapakita sa kanya na lubhang hinahanap sa tech industry.

intensive
intensive
[pang-uri]

using or requiring a large amount of a particular resource

intensibo,  masinsin

intensibo, masinsin

Ex: Steel production is highly energy-intensive. 
profitable
profitable
[pang-uri]

(of a business) providing benefits or valuable returns

kumikita, mapagkita

kumikita, mapagkita

Ex: The new marketing strategy proved highly profitable, increasing the company's revenue by 20% in just six months. 
nonprofit
nonprofit
[pang-uri]

(of an organization, activity, etc.) operating without the goal of generating any financial benefits

hindi naghahangad ng tubo, walang layuning kumita

hindi naghahangad ng tubo, walang layuning kumita

Ex: ertaining to an organization or activity that does not operate for the purpose of making a profit. 

tumutukoy sa isang organisasyon o aktibidad na hindi nagpapatakbo para sa layunin ng paggawa ng kita.

capitalistic
capitalistic
[pang-uri]

characterized by an economic system where private ownership of businesses and resources drives production and distribution with a focus on profit

kapitalista, pangkapitalista

kapitalista, pangkapitalista

Ex: The country's economy is largely capitalistic, with a strong emphasis on free markets. 

Ang ekonomiya ng bansa ay higit na kapitalista, na may malakas na diin sa mga libreng merkado.

high-end
high-end
[pang-uri]

having a much higher quality and price than the rest of their kind

mataas na klase, marangya

mataas na klase, marangya

Ex: She treated herself to a high-end handbag as a reward for reaching her career goals. 

Binigyan niya ang sarili ng isang high-end na handbag bilang gantimpala sa pagtamo ng kanyang mga layunin sa karera.

parsimonious
parsimonious
[pang-uri]

spending money very reluctantly

matipid, kuripot

matipid, kuripot

Ex: Critics argued the government had grown too parsimonious in funding for education and social programs. 

Pinagtatalunan ng mga kritiko na ang pamahalaan ay naging masyadong matipid sa pagpopondo para sa edukasyon at mga programang panlipunan.

extravagant
extravagant
[pang-uri]

costing a lot of money, more than the necessary or affordable amount

marangya, magastos

marangya, magastos

Ex: She threw an extravagant birthday party with live music and gourmet catering. 

Nagdaos siya ng isang napakamahal na birthday party na may live music at gourmet catering.

affluent
affluent
[pang-uri]

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

mayaman, masalapi

mayaman, masalapi

Ex: The affluent neighborhood was characterized by its luxurious homes and upscale amenities. 

Ang mayaman na kapitbahayan ay kinilala sa mga marangyang bahay at mataas na uri ng mga amenidad.

upscale
upscale
[pang-uri]

high quality, luxurious, or intended for a wealthier clientele

de-kalidad, marangya

de-kalidad, marangya

Ex: The upscale shopping district, lined with designer boutiques and upscale retailers, was a magnet for fashion-forward individuals seeking the latest trends. 

Ang upscale na distrito ng pamimili, na puno ng mga designer boutique at upscale na mga tindahan, ay isang pang-akit para sa mga taong nasa uso na naghahanap ng mga pinakabagong trend.

lavish
lavish
[pang-uri]

generous in giving or expressing

mapagbigay, bulagsak

mapagbigay, bulagsak

Ex: She gave him a lavish gift to celebrate his promotion. 

Binigyan niya siya ng isang mapagbigay na regalo upang ipagdiwang ang kanyang promosyon.

real estate
real estate
[Pangngalan]

a piece of land, building, or other similar property as opposed to personal possessions

real estate,  ari-arian

real estate, ari-arian

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