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ACT 人文科学 - 政治と立法府

ここでは、ACT の合格に役立つ「選挙」、「在職期間」、「連邦」など、政治や立法に関連する英単語を学びます。

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
congress

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

国会, コングレス

国会, コングレス

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[名詞]
confederacy

a group of people or political organization united by a common cause

連邦, 同盟

連邦, 同盟

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[名詞]
turnout

the percentage or number of eligible voters who actually cast their vote

投票率, 参加者数

投票率, 参加者数

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[名詞]
democracy

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

民主主義

民主主義

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[名詞]
colony

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

植民地

植民地

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[名詞]
realm

a territory or area of land governed by a monarch or sovereign ruler

王国, 領域

王国, 領域

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[名詞]
party

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

政治党, 政治団体

政治党, 政治団体

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[名詞]
senator

one of the members of Senate

上院議員, 女性上院議員

上院議員, 女性上院議員

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[名詞]
proposition

a suggestion or plan of action, particularly one in business dealings

提案

提案

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[名詞]
summit

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

サミット, 首脳会議

サミット, 首脳会議

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[名詞]
propaganda

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

プロパガンダ

プロパガンダ

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[名詞]
statute

an officially written and established law

法令, 法律

法令, 法律

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[名詞]
pact

a formal agreement between parties, particularly to help one another

パクト, 協定

パクト, 協定

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[名詞]
nomination

the process of officially selecting a candidate for either an election or bestowing an honnor

ノミネーション

ノミネーション

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[名詞]
secession

the formal act of breaking away from a larger political entity or organization

分離

分離

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[名詞]
commonwealth

a political association or entity in which states or countries cooperate and share certain common objectives or interests while retaining their individual independence

コモンウェルス, 共同体

コモンウェルス, 共同体

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[名詞]
principality

a territory or state ruled by a prince, often smaller than a kingdom but with a degree of political independence

公国

公国

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[名詞]
manifesto

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

マニフェスト

マニフェスト

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[名詞]
delegation

the process of assigning authority, responsibility, or tasks from a higher authority to a lower-ranking individual or entity to carry out specific duties or functions on their behalf

委任, 代表団

委任, 代表団

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[名詞]
embargo

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

禁輸, 輸出禁止

禁輸, 輸出禁止

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[名詞]
hyperpartisanship

an extreme allegiance to a particular political party or ideology

ハイパー政党主義, 極端な党派主義

ハイパー政党主義, 極端な党派主義

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[名詞]
bipartisanship

agreement and collaboration between two major political parties that typically oppose each other's policies

二大政党制, 二大政党間の協力

二大政党制, 二大政党間の協力

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[名詞]
municipal

involving or belonging to the government of a city, town, etc.

自治体の, 市の

自治体の, 市の

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[形容詞]
electoral

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

選挙の, 選挙に関する

選挙の, 選挙に関する

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[形容詞]
democrat

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

民主党員, 社会的平等支持者

民主党員, 社会的平等支持者

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[名詞]
liberal

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

リベラル, 進歩的

リベラル, 進歩的

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[形容詞]
Republican

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

共和党員, 共和党員(女性)

共和党員, 共和党員(女性)

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[名詞]
conservative

holding a political view that supports free enterprise, limited government spending and traditional social views

保守的, 保守的な

保守的, 保守的な

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[形容詞]
self-governing

(of a territory, organization, etc.) making decisions regarding one's internal affairs without external interference

自治, 自己統治

自治, 自己統治

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[形容詞]
transnational

operating or involving activities across multiple countries or nations

トランスナショナル, 国際的

トランスナショナル, 国際的

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[形容詞]
communist

relating to an ideology or political system advocating for the collective ownership of property and the absence of social classes

共産主義の

共産主義の

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[形容詞]
federal

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

連邦の, 連邦的な

連邦の, 連邦的な

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[形容詞]
interstate

involving or relating to the interactions or relationships between states within a country or federation

州間の, 州に関する

州間の, 州に関する

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[形容詞]
homeland

the place where someone or a group of people come from and feel a strong connection to

故郷, 母国

故郷, 母国

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[名詞]
authoritarian

(of a person or system) enforcing strict obedience to authority at the expense of individual freedom

権威主義的な, 権威主義者の

権威主義的な, 権威主義者の

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[形容詞]
consular

associated with matters or activities of a consulate or consul, particularly the representation and protection of a country's citizens and interests in a foreign city or region

領事の, 領事館に関する

領事の, 領事館に関する

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[形容詞]
precolonial

relating to the period in a region's history before it was colonized by foreign powers

先植民地時代, 植民地化以前

先植民地時代, 植民地化以前

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[形容詞]
to pass

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

可決する, 制定する

可決する, 制定する

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[動詞]
policy

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

政策, 戦略

政策, 戦略

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[名詞]
referendum

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

国民投票

国民投票

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[名詞]
treaty

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

条約, 協定

条約, 協定

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[名詞]
amendment

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

修正, 改正

修正, 改正

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[名詞]
constitution

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

憲法

憲法

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[名詞]
tenure

the status or condition of holding a permanent position, especially in certain professions

終身雇用, 任期

終身雇用, 任期

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[名詞]
inauguration

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

就任式,  inauguration

就任式, inauguration

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[名詞]
to reign

to have control and authority over a place, like a country

統治する, 支配する

統治する, 支配する

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[動詞]
mandate

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

マンデート, 権限

マンデート, 権限

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[名詞]
chamber

a formal meeting place where discussions or decisions take place, particularly within a administrative or judicial context

委員会室, 室

委員会室, 室

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[名詞]
prime minister

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

首相, 大臣

首相, 大臣

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[名詞]
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