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Humaniora ACT - Politik och Lagstiftning

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till politik och lagstiftning, såsom "val", "mandatperiod", "federal" etc., som kommer att hjälpa dig att klara dina ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
congress
[Substantiv]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

kongress, lagstiftande församling

kongress, lagstiftande församling

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confederacy
[Substantiv]

a group of people or political organization united by a common cause

konfederation, allians

konfederation, allians

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turnout
[Substantiv]

the percentage or number of eligible voters who actually cast their vote

väljardeltagande, deltagandegrad

väljardeltagande, deltagandegrad

Ex: Efforts to increase voter turnout included extending polling hours and providing transportation.Ansträngningar för att öka **väljardeltagandet** inkluderade förlängning av röstningstider och tillhandahållande av transporter.
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democracy
[Substantiv]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokrati

demokrati

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .I en **demokrati** är domstolen oberoende av den verkställande och lagstiftande grenen.
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colony
[Substantiv]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

koloni, territorium under kontroll

koloni, territorium under kontroll

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realm
[Substantiv]

a territory or area of land governed by a monarch or sovereign ruler

rike, domän

rike, domän

Ex: The king 's coronation ceremony marked his ascension to the throne and his commitment to govern the realm justly and wisely .Kungens kröningsceremoni markerade hans uppstigning på tronen och hans åtagande att styra **riket** rättvist och visst.
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party
[Substantiv]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

parti, politiskt parti

parti, politiskt parti

Ex: In celebration of their electoral victory , the party hosted a gala event to thank volunteers and donors for their contributions .För att fira sin valseger anordnade **partiet** en galaför att tacka volontärer och donatorer för deras bidrag.
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senator
[Substantiv]

one of the members of Senate

senator

senator

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proposition
[Substantiv]

a suggestion or plan of action, particularly one in business dealings

förslag

förslag

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summit
[Substantiv]

an official gathering during which the heads of governments discuss crucial issues

toppmöte

toppmöte

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propaganda
[Substantiv]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .Framväxten av sociala medier har gjort det enklare att sprida **propaganda** snabbt och brett.
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statute
[Substantiv]

an officially written and established law

lag, stadga

lag, stadga

Ex: Under the statute, the company must provide annual safety training for employees .Enligt **stadgan** måste företaget ge årlig säkerhetsutbildning till anställda.
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pact
[Substantiv]

a formal agreement between parties, particularly to help one another

pakt, avtal

pakt, avtal

Ex: The treaty served as a historic pact, fostering peace and cooperation between the formerly rival nations .Fördraget fungerade som en historisk **pakt**, som främjade fred och samarbete mellan de tidigare rivaliserande nationerna.
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nomination
[Substantiv]

the process of officially selecting a candidate for either an election or bestowing an honnor

nominering

nominering

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secession
[Substantiv]

the formal act of breaking away from a larger political entity or organization

utbrytning

utbrytning

Ex: The secession of Singapore from Malaysia in 1965 marked a significant event in Southeast Asian history .Singaporens **utträde** ur Malaysia 1965 markerade en betydande händelse i Sydöstasiens historia.
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commonwealth
[Substantiv]

a political association or entity in which states or countries cooperate and share certain common objectives or interests while retaining their individual independence

samvälde, commonwealth

samvälde, commonwealth

Ex: The concept of a commonwealth allows diverse nations to collaborate on global issues while preserving their unique identities and governing structures .Begreppet **samvälde** gör det möjligt för olika nationer att samarbeta i globala frågor samtidigt som de behåller sina unika identiteter och styrelseformer.
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principality
[Substantiv]

a territory or state ruled by a prince, often smaller than a kingdom but with a degree of political independence

furstendöme, furstendöme

furstendöme, furstendöme

Ex: The principality of Sealand , though unconventional , claims to be a sovereign state despite its small size and unique location .**Furstendömet** Sealand, om än okonventionellt, hävdar att vara en suverän stat trots sin lilla storlek och unika placering.
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manifesto
[Substantiv]

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

manifest, offentlig förklaring

manifest, offentlig förklaring

Ex: The student union published a manifesto to advocate for better educational resources .Studentkåren publicerade ett **manifest** för att förespråka bättre utbildningsresurser.
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delegation
[Substantiv]

the process of assigning authority, responsibility, or tasks from a higher authority to a lower-ranking individual or entity to carry out specific duties or functions on their behalf

delegering, överföring av ansvar

delegering, överföring av ansvar

Ex: The delegation of public health responsibilities to county health departments facilitates local responses to health crises .**Delegering** av ansvar för folkhälsa till länshälsoavdelningar underlättar lokala svar på hälsokriser.
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embargo
[Substantiv]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo, handelsförbud

embargo, handelsförbud

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hyperpartisanship
[Substantiv]

an extreme allegiance to a particular political party or ideology

hyperpartiskhet, extrem partitillhörighet

hyperpartiskhet, extrem partitillhörighet

Ex: Some scholars argue that hyperpartisanship is undermining democratic processes .Vissa forskare hävdar att **hyperpartiskhet** undergräver demokratiska processer.
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bipartisanship
[Substantiv]

agreement and collaboration between two major political parties that typically oppose each other's policies

bipartisanitet, bipartiskt samarbete

bipartisanitet, bipartiskt samarbete

Ex: The mayor's initiative to improve public education received bipartisan support, uniting local politicians from different parties.Borgmästarens initiativ för att förbättra den offentliga utbildningen fick **bipartiskt** stöd, som förenade lokala politiker från olika partier.
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municipal
[adjektiv]

involving or belonging to the government of a city, town, etc.

kommunal, stads-

kommunal, stads-

Ex: Municipal utilities ensure reliable access to essential services such as water and electricity for residents .**Kommunala** verk säkerställer tillförlitlig tillgång till grundläggande tjänster som vatten och el för invånare.
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electoral
[adjektiv]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

val-, valrelaterad

val-, valrelaterad

Ex: The electoral turnout in the last election was higher than expected , indicating increased civic engagement .Valdeltagandet i det senaste valet var högre än väntat, vilket indikerar en ökad medborgerlig engagemang.
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democrat
[Substantiv]

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

demokrat, förespråkare för social demokrati

demokrat, förespråkare för social demokrati

Ex: In recent elections, Democrats have focused on issues like affordable education and criminal justice reform.I de senaste valen har **demokraterna** fokuserat på frågor som överkomlig utbildning och reform av den kriminala rättvisan.
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liberal
[adjektiv]

related to or characteristic of a political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and government intervention for social welfare and economic opportunity

liberal

liberal

Ex: Critics argue that liberal policies can lead to excessive government intervention and dependency on welfare programs .Kritiker hävdar att **liberala** policys kan leda till överdriven statlig inblandning och beroende av välfärdsprogram.
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Republican
[Substantiv]

(in the US) someone who supports or is a member of the Republican Party

republikan, medlem i Republikanska partiet

republikan, medlem i Republikanska partiet

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conservative
[adjektiv]

holding a political view that supports free enterprise, limited government spending and traditional social views

konservativ, höger

konservativ, höger

Ex: A conservative approach to economic policy emphasizes individual entrepreneurship and minimal regulation .En **konservativ** inställning till ekonomisk politik betonar individuellt företagande och minimal reglering.
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self-governing
[adjektiv]

(of a territory, organization, etc.) making decisions regarding one's internal affairs without external interference

självstyrande, autonom

självstyrande, autonom

Ex: The Nunavut territory in Canada is a self-governing region that represents the Inuit people 's interests and cultural identity .Nunavut-territoriet i Kanada är en **självstyrande** region som representerar inuitfolkets intressen och kulturella identitet.
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transnational
[adjektiv]

operating or involving activities across multiple countries or nations

transnationell, multinationell

transnationell, multinationell

Ex: The conference discussed strategies for fostering transnational partnerships in the field of healthcare .Konferensen diskuterade strategier för att främja **transnationella** partnerskap inom hälso- och sjukvården.
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communist
[adjektiv]

relating to an ideology or political system advocating for the collective ownership of property and the absence of social classes

kommunistisk

kommunistisk

Ex: The communist party advocates for state control of industries and resources to ensure equitable distribution.Det **kommunistiska** partiet förespråkar statlig kontroll över industrier och resurser för att säkerställa en rättvis fördelning.
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federal
[adjektiv]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, nationell

federal, nationell

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .Den **federala** budgeten tilldelar medel för nationella prioriteringar, inklusive infrastruktur och sociala tjänster.
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interstate
[adjektiv]

involving or relating to the interactions or relationships between states within a country or federation

mellanstatlig, mellan stater

mellanstatlig, mellan stater

Ex: The interstate treaty established rules and agreements governing trade and cooperation among neighboring states.Det **mellanstatliga** fördraget upprättade regler och avtal som styr handel och samarbete mellan grannstater.
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homeland
[Substantiv]

the place where someone or a group of people come from and feel a strong connection to

hemland, fosterland

hemland, fosterland

Ex: He fought for the protection of his homeland, valuing its history and traditions .Han kämpade för skyddet av sitt **fosterland**, värderade dess historia och traditioner.
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authoritarian
[adjektiv]

(of a person or system) enforcing strict obedience to authority at the expense of individual freedom

auktoritär, despotisk

auktoritär, despotisk

Ex: Authoritarian government frequently disregard human rights and civil liberties in the name of stability .Den **auktoritära** regeringen bryr sig ofta inte om mänskliga rättigheter och medborgerliga friheter i stabilitetens namn.
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consular
[adjektiv]

associated with matters or activities of a consulate or consul, particularly the representation and protection of a country's citizens and interests in a foreign city or region

konsulär, relaterad till konsulatet

konsulär, relaterad till konsulatet

Ex: The consular staff organized cultural events to promote understanding and cooperation between nations .Den **konsulära** personalen organiserade kulturella evenemang för att främja förståelse och samarbete mellan nationer.
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precolonial
[adjektiv]

relating to the period in a region's history before it was colonized by foreign powers

förkolonial, före koloniseringen

förkolonial, före koloniseringen

Ex: Precolonial Australia was home to numerous Aboriginal groups, each with distinct languages, customs, and territories.**Förkolonial** Australien var hem för många aboriginska grupper, var och en med distinkta språk, seder och territorier.
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to pass
[Verb]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

antaga, godkänna

antaga, godkänna

Ex: The United Nations Security Council has passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .FN:s säkerhetsråd har **antagit** en resolution där de uppmanar de två länderna att återuppta fredsförhandlingarna.
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policy
[Substantiv]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

policy

policy

Ex: The school district adopted a zero-tolerance policy for bullying.Skolområdet antog en **policy** om nolltolerans mot mobbning.
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referendum
[Substantiv]

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

folkomröstning

folkomröstning

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treaty
[Substantiv]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

fördrag

fördrag

Ex: The extradition treaty allowed for the transfer of criminals between the two countries to face justice .**Avtalet** om utlämning möjliggjorde överföringen av brottslingar mellan de två länderna för att ställas inför rättvisan.
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amendment
[Substantiv]

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

ändring, tillägg

ändring, tillägg

Ex: The teacher made an amendment to the syllabus to include an extra assignment .Läraren gjorde en **ändring** i kursplanen för att inkludera en extra uppgift.
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constitution
[Substantiv]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

konstitution

konstitution

Ex: The constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .Sydafrikas **konstitution**, antagen 1996, fastställer principerna om jämlikhet och mänsklig värdighet som nationens kärnvärden.
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tenure
[Substantiv]

a period or condition of holding a position

förordnande, befattning

förordnande, befattning

Ex: Many young professionals aspire to secure tenure due to the job security and benefits it offers .Många unga yrkesverksamma strävar efter att säkra **tenure** på grund av jobbsäkerheten och de förmåner det erbjuder.
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inauguration
[Substantiv]

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

installation

installation

Ex: The inauguration festivities included parades , concerts , and fireworks to celebrate the new administration .**Installations**festligheterna inkluderade parader, konserter och fyrverkerier för att fira den nya administrationen.
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to reign
[Verb]

to have control and authority over a place, like a country

regera, härska

regera, härska

Ex: Throughout history , various dynasties have reigned over different regions with distinct policies .Genom historien har olika dynastier **regerat** över olika regioner med särskilda policyer.
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mandate
[Substantiv]

the legality and power given to a government or other organization after winning an election

mandat, fullmakt

mandat, fullmakt

Ex: The council received a mandate from its members to negotiate better working conditions with the management .Rådet fick ett **mandat** från sina medlemmar att förhandla om bättre arbetsvillkor med ledningen.
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chamber
[Substantiv]

a formal meeting place where discussions or decisions take place, particularly within a administrative or judicial context

kammare, mötesrum

kammare, mötesrum

Ex: During the summit , leaders from across the region gathered in the diplomatic chamber to discuss regional security issues .Under toppmötet samlades ledare från hela regionen i det diplomatiska **rummet** för att diskutera regionala säkerhetsfrågor.
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prime minister
[Substantiv]

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

statsminister, regeringschef

statsminister, regeringschef

Ex: The Prime Minister's term in office ended after a successful vote of no confidence in Parliament.**Statsministerns** mandatperiod slutade efter en framgångsrik misstroendeförklaring i parlamentet.
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