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健康と病気 - Cancer

ここでは、"白血病"、"腫瘍"、"良性"など、癌に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
carcinogen
[名詞]

a substance or agent that has the potential to cause cancer in living tissues

発癌物質, 癌原性物質

発癌物質, 癌原性物質

Ex: Some food additives and preservatives may be studied for their potential carcinogenic effects.一部の食品添加物や防腐剤は、その潜在的な**発がん性**効果について研究されることがあります。
cancerous
[形容詞]

related to or characterized by the presence of cancer, a disease caused by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

癌性の, 発癌性の

癌性の, 発癌性の

Ex: Lifestyle factors such as smoking and poor diet can increase the risk of developing cancerous conditions .喫煙や不健康な食事などの生活習慣要因は、**がん**性状態の発症リスクを高める可能性があります。
carcinogenic
[形容詞]

having the potential to cause or promote the development of cancer

発癌性の,  癌原性の

発癌性の, 癌原性の

Ex: Identifying and regulating carcinogenic substances is essential for public health and safety .**発がん性**物質の特定と規制は、公衆衛生と安全のために不可欠です。
carcinoma
[名詞]

a type of cancer that originates in epithelial tissues, such as the skin or the lining of internal organs

癌腫, 上皮癌

癌腫, 上皮癌

Ex: Ovarian carcinoma affects the ovaries and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage .卵巣**癌**は卵巣に影響を及ぼし、しばしば進行した段階で診断されます。

a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, characterized by the presence of specific abnormal cells called Reed-Sternberg cells

ホジキン病, ホジキンリンパ腫

ホジキン病, ホジキンリンパ腫

leukemia
[名詞]

a potentially fatal disease characterized by a rise in the number of white blood cells in one's body

白血病

白血病

lymphoma
[名詞]

a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is a part of the body's immune system, and can manifest in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, and other lymphoid tissues

リンパ腫, リンパ系のがん

リンパ腫, リンパ系のがん

Ex: Symptoms of lymphoma include swollen glands , losing weight without explanation , and feeling very tired .**リンパ腫**の症状には、腫れた腺、説明のつかない体重減少、非常に疲れを感じることが含まれます。
sarcoma
[名詞]

a type of cancer that develops in the connective tissues of the body, including muscles, bones, tendons, and cartilage

肉腫, 結合組織癌

肉腫, 結合組織癌

Ex: Sarcoma can affect various parts of the body, making it important to monitor unusual changes.**肉腫**は体のさまざまな部分に影響を与える可能性があるため、異常な変化を監視することが重要です。
tumor
[名詞]

an abnormal mass of diseased cells that serves no function in the body and usually causes medical problems

腫瘍, 新生物

腫瘍, 新生物

a type of cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus, often characterized by abnormal vaginal bleeding

子宮内膜癌, 子宮癌

子宮内膜癌, 子宮癌

Ex: Hormonal factors and obesity may increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer.ホルモン要因と肥満は、**子宮内膜癌**を発症するリスクを高める可能性があります。

a type of cancer that originates in the cells of the breast, often forming a lump or mass

乳がん, 乳房の悪性腫瘍

乳がん, 乳房の悪性腫瘍

Ex: Treatment of breast cancer may include surgery , chemotherapy , radiation , and hormone therapy .**乳癌**の治療には、手術、化学療法、放射線療法、ホルモン療法が含まれる場合があります。
liver cancer
[名詞]

a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the liver, often associated with underlying liver diseases

肝臓癌, 肝細胞癌

肝臓癌, 肝細胞癌

Ex: Liver cancer prognosis is often influenced by the extent of tumor spread at the time of diagnosis .**肝臓癌**の予後は、診断時の腫瘍の広がりの程度によってしばしば影響を受けます。
lung cancer
[名詞]

a type of cancer that originates in the lungs, typically linked to smoking but can also occur in non-smokers

肺癌, 肺がん

肺癌, 肺がん

Ex: Treatment for lung cancer may involve surgery , chemotherapy , and radiation therapy .**肺がん**の治療には、手術、化学療法、放射線療法が含まれる場合があります。

a type of cancer that begins in the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach, often diagnosed at an advanced stage

膵臓癌, 膵臓腫瘍

膵臓癌, 膵臓腫瘍

Ex: The prognosis for pancreatic cancer is generally poor due to late-stage detection .**膵臓癌**の予後は、通常、発見が遅れるため一般的に悪いです。

abnormal growth of cells in a small organ of males called prostate that is close to their bladder and releases a liquid that contains sperm

前立腺癌, 前立腺がん

前立腺癌, 前立腺がん

skin cancer
[名詞]

a type of cancer that develops in the skin cells, often caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning beds

皮膚がん, メラノーマ

皮膚がん, メラノーマ

Ex: Skin cancer can affect people of all skin types , and protective measures are important for everyone .**皮膚がん**はあらゆる肌タイプの人々に影響を与える可能性があり、保護対策はすべての人にとって重要です。

a common type of skin cancer that originates in the squamous cells, which are flat cells found on the surface of the skin

扁平上皮癌, 有棘細胞癌

扁平上皮癌, 有棘細胞癌

Ex: Protecting the skin from UV radiation through sunscreen and protective clothing helps prevent squamous cell carcinoma.日焼け止めや保護服で皮膚を紫外線から守ることは、**扁平上皮癌**の予防に役立ちます。

a common type of skin cancer that usually grows slowly and typically occurs in sun-exposed areas of the skin

基底細胞癌, 基底細胞がん

基底細胞癌, 基底細胞がん

a type of cancer that develops in the testicles, the male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm and hormones

睾丸癌

睾丸癌

Ex: Symptoms of testicular cancer may include a lump or swelling in the testicle , pain , or discomfort .**睾丸癌**の症状には、睾丸のしこりや腫れ、痛み、または不快感が含まれる場合があります。

a type of cancer that originates in the cells of the bladder, which is a hollow organ in the lower abdomen that stores urine

膀胱癌, 膀胱腫瘍

膀胱癌, 膀胱腫瘍

a type of cancer that starts in the kidneys, which are organs that filter waste from the blood and produce urine

腎臓癌, 腎細胞癌

腎臓癌, 腎細胞癌

a type of cancer that forms in the cells of the thyroid gland, which is located in the front of the neck and produces hormones that regulate metabolism

甲状腺がん, 甲状腺癌

甲状腺がん, 甲状腺癌

a type of cancer characterized by hard, dense, and fibrous tissue formation

硬がん, 線維性がん

硬がん, 線維性がん

a type of cancer that forms in the soft tissues of the body, such as muscles, tendons, and fat

軟部組織肉腫, 軟部肉腫

軟部組織肉腫, 軟部肉腫

a type of cancer that originates in the female reproductive system, including the ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina, and vulva

婦人科癌

婦人科癌

benign
[形容詞]

(of a tumor) not resulting in cancer

良性の

良性の

健康と病気
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