TOEFL을 위한 필수 어휘 - 정신 질환

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

장애, 혼란

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

불안, 걱정

relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being

정신적인, 멘탈

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

우울증

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

광기, 마니아

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

치매

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

자폐증

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

과다 활동, 과잉 활동

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

주의력 결핍 과다행동 장애, ADHD

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

강박 장애, OCD

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

외상 후 스트레스 장애, PTSD

a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear

공황발작, 공황 공격

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

편집증, 파라노이아

suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one

편집증의, 편집증적인

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

성격 장애, 개인성 장애

someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior

사이코패스

someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings

사회병자, 사이코패스

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

조현병

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

정신병의, 정신적

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

경계성 성격 장애, 버자인 성격 장애

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

양극성 장애, 양극성섭식

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

이인격 장애, 해리성 정체성 장애

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

불면증

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

기억 상실

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

에고 매니아, 나르시즘

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

트라우마, 정신적 외상

the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder

자해, 셀프 해머

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

불안정성, 변동성

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

콤플렉스, 정서적 콤플렉스

dangerous and likely to be fatal; likely to cause a disaster

자살적인, 위험한

gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled

마조히즘의, 마조히스트의

finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others

사디스트의, 잔인한