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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL - Mental Disorders
Here you will learn some English words about mental disorders, such as "anxiety", "mania", "PTSD", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.
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disorder
[noun]
a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally
anxiety
[noun]
(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason
depression
[noun]
a mental condition in which a person feels severe sadness and dejection, usually with physical symptoms such as insomnia, lethargy, etc.
mania
[noun]
mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions
dementia
[noun]
a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions
autism
[noun]
a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges
hyperactivity
[noun]
a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
[noun]
a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively
obsessive-compulsive disorder
[noun]
a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over
post-traumatic stress disorder
[noun]
a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event
paranoia
[noun]
a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them
paranoid
[adjective]
suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one
personality disorder
[noun]
any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society
psychopath
[noun]
someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior
sociopath
[noun]
someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings
schizophrenia
[noun]
a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality
psychotic
[adjective]
(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy
borderline personality disorder
[noun]
a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships
bipolar disorder
[noun]
a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression
dissociative identity disorder
[noun]
a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior
amnesia
[noun]
a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory
egomania
[noun]
a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested
trauma
[noun]
a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time
self-harm
[noun]
the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder
complex
[noun]
a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought
masochistic
[adjective]
gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled
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