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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Mga Karamdaman sa Pag-iisip

Dito ay matututunan mo ang ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa mga sakit sa pag-iisip, tulad ng "anxiety", "mania", "PTSD", atbp. na kailangan para sa TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
disorder
[Pangngalan]

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

sakit, karamdaman

sakit, karamdaman

anxiety
[Pangngalan]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

pagkabalisa, sintomas ng pag-aalala

pagkabalisa, sintomas ng pag-aalala

mental
[pang-uri]

relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being

mental, kasiwasa

mental, kasiwasa

Ex: He took a mental health day off work to rest and recharge.
depression
[Pangngalan]

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

depresyon, kalungkutan

depresyon, kalungkutan

Ex: He spoke openly about his struggles depression, hoping to help others .
mania
[Pangngalan]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

maniya, masidhing pagkabaliw

maniya, masidhing pagkabaliw

dementia
[Pangngalan]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

dementia, sakit sa pag-iisip

dementia, sakit sa pag-iisip

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease is a common form dementia.
autism
[Pangngalan]

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

sakit na autism, autismo

sakit na autism, autismo

hyperactivity
[Pangngalan]

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

hyperaktibidad, labis na pagkilos

hyperaktibidad, labis na pagkilos

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

sindrom ng kakulangan sa atensyon at sobrang aktibidad, kawalang-konsentrasyon at sobrang pagkilos

sindrom ng kakulangan sa atensyon at sobrang aktibidad, kawalang-konsentrasyon at sobrang pagkilos

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

sakit na Obsessive-Compulsive, obsessive-compulsive disorder

sakit na Obsessive-Compulsive, obsessive-compulsive disorder

Ex: Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) can help manage symptoms obsessive-compulsive disorder by altering brain chemistry to reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsions .

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

Karamdaman sa Post-Traumatic Stress, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Karamdaman sa Post-Traumatic Stress, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Ex: Early intervention and support are crucial for individuals post-traumatic stress disorder, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life .
panic attack
[Pangngalan]

a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear

atak ng panic, sakit na panggugulantang

atak ng panic, sakit na panggugulantang

paranoia
[Pangngalan]

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

paranoiya, pangamba

paranoiya, pangamba

paranoid
[pang-uri]

suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one

mapaghinala, paranoido

mapaghinala, paranoido

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

karamdaman sa pagkatao, sakit sa personalidad

karamdaman sa pagkatao, sakit sa personalidad

psychopath
[Pangngalan]

someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior

siko, psikopat

siko, psikopat

sociopath
[Pangngalan]

someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings

sosyopat, sosyopatikong indibidwal

sosyopat, sosyopatikong indibidwal

schizophrenia
[Pangngalan]

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

sikosis, eskizofrenya

sikosis, eskizofrenya

psychotic
[pang-uri]

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

sikotiko, may sikotika

sikotiko, may sikotika

Ex: Psychotic episodes may be triggered by stress or substance abuse .

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

borderline personality disorder, borderline na personalidad na karamdaman

borderline personality disorder, borderline na personalidad na karamdaman

Ex: With appropriate therapy and support , individuals borderline personality disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life .
bipolar disorder
[Pangngalan]

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

bipolar disorder, bipolar na sakit

bipolar disorder, bipolar na sakit

Ex: Support from friends , family , and mental health professionals is essential for individuals bipolar disorder to effectively manage their condition and improve their quality of life .

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

Dissociative identity disorder, Dissosiyatif na pagkakakilanlan na karamdaman

Dissociative identity disorder, Dissosiyatif na pagkakakilanlan na karamdaman

Ex: dissociative identity disorder can be challenging , as individuals may struggle to maintain a cohesive sense of identity and may experience difficulties in relationships and daily functioning .
insomnia
[Pangngalan]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

insomnya, kakulangan sa tulog

insomnya, kakulangan sa tulog

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .
amnesia
[Pangngalan]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnesya, pagkalimot

amnesya, pagkalimot

egomania
[Pangngalan]

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

egomania, sariling kapakanan

egomania, sariling kapakanan

trauma
[Pangngalan]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma, sugatang pangkaisipan

trauma, sugatang pangkaisipan

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with trauma and fear .
self-harm
[Pangngalan]

the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder

sasarili na pinsala, pagsasaktan ang sarili

sasarili na pinsala, pagsasaktan ang sarili

instability
[Pangngalan]

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

kakulangan ng katatagan, hindi pagkakapantay-pantay ng damdamin

kakulangan ng katatagan, hindi pagkakapantay-pantay ng damdamin

complex
[Pangngalan]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

kumplikado, kompleks

kumplikado, kompleks

Ex: She struggled with complex that caused her to avoid confrontation .
suicidal
[pang-uri]

dangerous and likely to be fatal; likely to cause a disaster

mapanganib, nakamamatay

mapanganib, nakamamatay

masochistic
[pang-uri]

gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled

masokista, masochistik

masokista, masochistik

sadistic
[pang-uri]

finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others

sadistiko, maksadistang

sadistiko, maksadistang

Ex: sadistic individual enjoyed dominating and humiliating their sexual partners , often disregarding their consent .
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