Необходимый Словарный Запас для TOEFL - Психические расстройства

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

расстройство

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

тревога

relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being

психический

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

депрессия

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

мания

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

слабоумие

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

аутизм

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

гиперактивность

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

СДВГ

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

ОКР

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

ПТСР

a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear

панический приступ

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

паранойя

suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one

параноидальный

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

расстройство личности

someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior

психопат

someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings

социопат

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

шизофрения

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

психотический

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

пограничное расстройство личности

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

биполярное расстройство

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

расстройство расщепления личности

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

бессонница

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

амнезия

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

самовлюбленность

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

травма

the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder

самоповреждение

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

нестабильность

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

комплекс

dangerous and likely to be fatal; likely to cause a disaster

самоубийственный

gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled

мазохистский

finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others

садистский