المفردات الضرورية للاختبار TOEFL - أمراض عقلية

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

اضطراب, مرض

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

قلق, توتر

relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being

عقلي, ذهني

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

اكتئاب

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

هوس, جنون

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

الخرف

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

التوحد

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

فرط النشاط, نشاط مفرط

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

اضطراب نقص الانتباه مع فرط الحركة, ADHD

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

الوسواس القهري, اضطراب الوسواس القهري

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة, PTSD

a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear

نوبة هلع, هجوم ذعر

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

بارانويا, جنون الارتياب

suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one

بارانويد, مريض بجنون العظمة

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

اضطراب الشخصية, مرض الشخصية

someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior

سيكوباتي

someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings

سوسيوبات, سيكوباتي

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

فُصام

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

ذهاني, نفسي

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

اضطراب الشخصية الحدية, اضطراب الشخصية الحدودية

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

اضطراب ثنائي القطب, حالة ثنائية القطب

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

اضطراب الهوية التفككي, اضطراب الشحصيات المتعددة

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

أرق

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

فقدان الذاكرة

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

الأنانية المفرطة, النرجسية

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

صدمة نفسية, أذى نفسي

the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder

إيذاء النفس, إصابة النفس

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

عدم الاستقرار, لا استقرار

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

مجمع, مجموعة عواطف

dangerous and likely to be fatal; likely to cause a disaster

انتحاري, خطر

gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled

ماسوشي, ماسوشيستي

finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others

سادي, قسوة