Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Gangguan Mental
Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris tentang gangguan mental, seperti "kecemasan", "mania", "PTSD", dll. yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.
Tinjauan
Kartu flash
Ejaan
Kuis
an illness or condition that disrupts normal physical or mental functioning
gangguan, kelainan
(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason
kecemasan, gangguan kecemasan
relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being
mental, psikologis
Terapis berspesialisasi dalam mengobati gangguan mental seperti depresi dan kecemasan.
a mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and reduced energy or motivation
depresi, gangguan depresi
mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions
mania
a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions
demensia, gangguan kognitif
Dokter menjelaskan bahwa demensia dapat memengaruhi memori jangka pendek dan jangka panjang.
a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges
autisme
a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children
hiperaktivitas, kegiatan berlebihan
a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively
gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas, ADHD
a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over
gangguan obsesif-kompulsif, OCD
Terapi kognitif-perilaku (CBT), khususnya pencegahan paparan dan respons (ERP), adalah pengobatan yang efektif untuk gangguan obsesif-kompulsif, membantu pasien menghadapi ketakutan mereka dan mengurangi perilaku kompulsif.
a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event
gangguan stres pasca-trauma
Terapi perilaku kognitif (CBT) dan desensitisasi dan pemrosesan ulang gerakan mata (EMDR) adalah perawatan yang efektif untuk gangguan stres pascatrauma, membantu individu memproses dan mengatasi trauma mereka.
a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear
serangan panik, serangan kecemasan
an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you
paranoia, kecurigaan patologis
Paranoia-nya membuatnya curiga terhadap teman-temannya.
suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one
paranoid, terganggu jiwa
any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society
gangguan kepribadian, kelainan kepribadian
someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior
psikopat, sosiopat
someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings
sosiopat, psikopat
a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality
skizofrenia
(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy
psikotik, terlepas dari kenyataan
Gangguan psikotik dapat sangat mengganggu kemampuan seseorang untuk berfungsi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships
gangguan kepribadian ambang, gangguan kepribadian borderline
Perawatan untuk gangguan kepribadian ambang sering melibatkan kombinasi psikoterapi, seperti terapi perilaku dialektik (DBT), dan obat-obatan untuk membantu mengelola gejala.
a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression
gangguan bipolar, penyakit manik-depresif
Perawatan untuk gangguan bipolar biasanya melibatkan kombinasi obat-obatan, seperti penstabil suasana hati dan antidepresan, serta psikoterapi untuk membantu mengelola gejala dan mencegah kekambuhan.
a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior
gangguan identitas disosiatif, gangguan kepribadian ganda
Trauma, terutama di masa kecil, sering dikaitkan dengan perkembangan gangguan identitas disosiatif, sebagai mekanisme koping untuk melarikan diri dari pengalaman yang luar biasa atau traumatis.
a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep
insomnia, gangguan tidur
Dokter merekomendasikan beberapa teknik relaksasi untuk membantu memerangi insomnia-nya dan meningkatkan kualitas tidurnya.
a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory
amnesia
Kasus amnesia disosiatif dapat mengikuti trauma emosional ekstrem dan kadang-kadang teratasi dengan psikoterapi.
a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested
egomania, megalomania
a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time
trauma, guncangan emosional
Trauma masa kecil dapat memiliki efek jangka panjang pada kesejahteraan mental dan emosional seseorang.
the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder
melukai diri sendiri, tindakan menyakiti diri sendiri
tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically
ketidakstabilan
a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought
kompleks, sekumpulan emosi yang tertekan
gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled
masokis
finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others
sadis, kejam
Si penindas sadis menikmati menyiksa teman-teman sekelasnya baik secara fisik maupun emosional.
