واژگان ضروری برای TOEFL - اختلالات روانی

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

اختلال

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

اختلال اضطراب, نگرانی

relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being

روانی

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

افسردگی

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

دیوانگی, شیدایی، علاقه‌مندی غیرعقلانی

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

زوال عقل

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

اوتیسم

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

بیش‌فعالی

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

اختلال کم‌توجهی - بیش‌فعالی

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

اختلال وسواس فکری‌عملی

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

اختلال اضطراب پس از سانحه, اختلال استرسی پس از آسیب روانی، اختلال تنش‌زای پس از رویداد

a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear

حمله اضطرابی

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

بدگمانی, پارانویا

suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one

مبتلا به پارانویا, بدگمان

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

اختلال شخصیتی

someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior

بیمار روانی, جانی

someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings

جامعه‌ستیز, جامعه‌آزار

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

روان‌گسیختگی, اسکیزوفرنی، اختلال چند شخصیتی

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

روانی, روان‌پریش

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

اختلال شخصیت مرزی

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

اختلال دوقطبی

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

اختلال تجزیه هویت

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

اختلال بی‌خوابی

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

فراموشی, یادزدودگی، امنیژا

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

خودپردازی, خودشیفتگی

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

شوک (روانی), ضربه روحی

the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder

خود‌آزاری, خودزنی

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

بی‌ثباتی, ناپایداری

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

عقده (روانی)

dangerous and likely to be fatal; likely to cause a disaster

منجر به خودکشی

gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled

آزارطلب

finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others

دگرآزار, آزارگر، سادیستی