Необхідний Словниковий Запас для TOEFL - Психічні розлади

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

порушення, недуга

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

тривога, занепокоєння

relating to the health or state of the mind, including aspects of emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being

психічний

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

депресія

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

манія, манія

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

деменція

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

аутизм

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

гіперактивність, підвищена активність

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

синдром дефіциту уваги з гіперактивністю, СДВГ

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

обсесивно-компульсивний розлад, ОКР

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

посттравматичний стресовий розлад, ПТСР

a disorder causing one to suddenly feel intense anxiety or fear

панічна атака, атака паніки

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

параноя, параноїд

suffering from a mental condition that causes one to believe other people are trying to harm one

параноїдальний, параноїд

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

розлад особистості, хвороба особистості

someone with a severe mental condition that makes them prone to violent or antisocial behavior

психопат

someone with a mental condition characterized by impulsive behavior, impaired remorse, and indifference to other people's feelings

соціопат, психопат

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

шизофренія

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

психотичний, психічний

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

пограничний розлад особистості, розлад особистості на межі

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

біполярний розлад, біполярний стан

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

дисоціативний розлад особистості, дисоціативний розлад ідентичності

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

безсоння

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

амнезія

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

егоманія, нарцисизм

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

травма, травматичний стан

the action of intentionally harming oneself, usually as a result of a mental disorder

самопошкодження, автопошкодження

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

нестабільність, недовговічність

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

комплекс, емоційний комплекс

dangerous and likely to be fatal; likely to cause a disaster

суїцидальний, небезпечний

gaining sexual satisfaction from being physically or mentally harmed or controlled

мазохістський, мазохістичний

finding pleasure, particularly sexual pleasure in hurting or humiliating others

садистський, жорстокий