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Словарный запас для IELTS Academic (Оценка 8-9) - Psychology

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с психологией, которые необходимы для академического экзамена IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
schizophrenia
schizophrenia
[существительное]

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

шизофрения

шизофрения

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neurosis
neurosis
[существительное]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

невроз

невроз

Ex: Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning. 
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dissociation
dissociation
[существительное]

a psychological and neurological process involving a separation or disconnection of thoughts, memories, identity, or consciousness, often as a response to trauma or stress

диссоциация, отключение

диссоциация, отключение

Ex: Dissociation can lead to memory gaps or amnesia, where individuals may forget significant portions of their experiences. 
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cognitive behavioral therapy
cognitive behavioral therapy
[существительное]

a psychotherapy that targets negative thoughts and behaviors to address mental health issues

когнитивно-поведенческая терапия, КПТ

когнитивно-поведенческая терапия, КПТ

Ex: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based approach that helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. 
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psyche
psyche
[существительное]

the immaterial or nonphysical aspect of a person

душа, психика

душа, психика

Ex: Many cultures believe the psyche survives after death. 
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psychosis
psychosis
[существительное]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

психоз

психоз

Ex: Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. 
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catharsis
catharsis
[существительное]

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

катарсис

катарсис

Ex: Writing in a journal can provide a sense of catharsis, allowing individuals to express and process their emotions. 
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body dysmorphic disorder
body dysmorphic disorder
[существительное]

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

Дисморфическое расстройство тела

Дисморфическое расстройство тела

Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. 
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obsessive-compulsive disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
[существительное]

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

ОКР

ОКР

Ex: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety. 
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post-traumatic stress disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder
[существительное]

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

ПТСР

ПТСР

Ex: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after an individual experiences or witnesses a traumatic event, such as combat, a natural disaster, or a serious accident. 
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attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
[существительное]

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

СДВГ

СДВГ

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psychotic
psychotic
[существительное]

someone who suffers from psychosis

психоз

психоз

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borderline personality disorder
borderline personality disorder
[существительное]

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

пограничное расстройство личности

пограничное расстройство личности

Ex: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition characterized by intense and unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image. 
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dissociative identity disorder
dissociative identity disorder
[существительное]

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

расстройство расщепления личности

расстройство расщепления личности

Ex: Dissociative identity disorder (DID), formerly known as multiple personality disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states or identities within a single individual. 
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coping mechanism
coping mechanism
[существительное]

a strategy or behavior used to manage or counteract challenging emotions, thoughts, or situations

механизм преодоления, стратегия совладания

механизм преодоления, стратегия совладания

Ex: Exercise can serve as a coping mechanism for managing stress, anxiety, and depression by releasing endorphins and promoting a sense of well-being. 
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defense mechanism
defense mechanism
[существительное]

an unconscious mental strategy individuals use to cope with anxiety, discomfort, or threatening emotions

механизм защиты, защитный механизм

механизм защиты, защитный механизм

Ex: Denial, a defense mechanism, involves refusing to accept or acknowledge the reality of a situation. 
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