IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9) - Psychology

在这里,你将学习一些与心理学相关的英语单词,这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

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IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9)
neurosis [名词]
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神经症

Ex: People with neurosis may experience excessive worry and stress over minor issues , affecting their overall quality of life .

患有神经症的人可能会对小事过度担心和压力,影响他们的整体生活质量。

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解离

Ex: Derealization is a form of dissociation where the external world may appear unreal or unfamiliar .

现实感丧失是一种解离形式,外部世界可能显得不真实或陌生。

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认知行为疗法

Ex: Many people with anxiety and depression find significant relief through cognitive behavioral therapy , which teaches coping strategies and problem-solving skills .

许多患有焦虑和抑郁症的人通过认知行为疗法找到了显著的缓解,该疗法教授应对策略和解决问题的技能。

psyche [名词]
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the immaterial or nonphysical aspect of a person

Ex: Yoga aims to harmonize body , mind , and psyche .
psychosis [名词]
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精神病

Ex: Individuals experiencing psychosis may hear voices or see things that are not present , making it difficult to distinguish between what is real and what is not .

经历精神病的人可能会听到声音或看到不存在的东西,这使得难以区分什么是真实的,什么不是。

catharsis [名词]
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宣泄

Ex: Watching a powerful drama or tragedy in a theater can lead to catharsis , as viewers experience a release of pent-up emotions through the characters ' experiences .

在剧院观看一部强有力的戏剧或悲剧可以导致宣泄,因为观众通过角色的经历体验到压抑情绪的释放。

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身体畸形恐惧症

Ex: People with body dysmorphic disorder may spend hours each day checking their appearance in mirrors , seeking reassurance , or trying to hide their perceived imperfections .

患有身体畸形恐惧症的人可能会每天花几个小时在镜子前检查自己的外表,寻求安慰或试图隐藏他们感知到的缺陷。

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强迫症

Ex: Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder may feel compelled to perform rituals , such as excessive hand-washing or checking locks , to prevent perceived harm .

患有强迫症的个体可能会感到被迫执行仪式,如过度洗手或检查锁,以防止感知到的伤害。

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创伤后应激障碍

Ex: Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder include flashbacks , nightmares , severe anxiety , and uncontrollable thoughts about the traumatic event .

创伤后应激障碍的症状包括闪回、噩梦、严重焦虑以及对创伤事件无法控制的想法。

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边缘型人格障碍

Ex: Individuals with borderline personality disorder may experience sudden mood swings , chronic feelings of emptiness , and a fear of abandonment .

患有边缘性人格障碍的个体可能会经历突然的情绪波动、长期的空虚感以及对被抛弃的恐惧。

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解离性身份识别障碍

Ex: Individuals with dissociative identity disorder may experience memory gaps , time loss , and a sense of being disconnected from their thoughts , feelings , and surroundings .

患有解离性身份障碍的个体可能会经历记忆空白、时间丢失以及感觉与自己的思想、情感和周围环境脱节。

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应对机制

Ex: Deep breathing exercises and mindfulness meditation are effective coping mechanisms for reducing feelings of anxiety and promoting relaxation .

深呼吸练习和正念冥想是减少焦虑感和促进放松的有效应对机制

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防御机制

Ex: Rationalization is a defense mechanism where individuals provide logical or reasonable explanations to justify their behavior .

合理化是一种防御机制,个人提供逻辑或合理的解释来为自己的行为辩护。