Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 8-9) - Psychology

Aquí, aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la Psicología que son necesarias para el examen académico IELTS.

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schizophrenia

[Sustantivo]

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

esquizofrenia

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neurosis

[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

neurosis

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .Los síntomas de la **neurosis** pueden incluir sentimientos persistentes de tristeza, irritabilidad y miedo, a menudo sin una causa clara o racional.

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dissociation

[Sustantivo]

a psychological and neurological process involving a separation or disconnection of thoughts, memories, identity, or consciousness, often as a response to trauma or stress

disociación, desconexión

Ex: Dissociation is a complex phenomenon that involves alterations in consciousness , perception , and self-awareness .La **disociación** es un fenómeno complejo que implica alteraciones en la conciencia, la percepción y la autoconciencia.

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cognitive behavioral therapy

[Sustantivo]

a psychotherapy that targets negative thoughts and behaviors to address mental health issues

terapia cognitivo-conductual, TCC

Ex: Cognitive behavioral therapy can be conducted in individual or group settings , and often includes homework assignments to practice new skills outside of sessions .La **terapia cognitivo-conductual** se puede realizar en entornos individuales o grupales, y a menudo incluye tareas para practicar nuevas habilidades fuera de las sesiones.

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psyche

[Sustantivo]

the entirety of the human mind, including conscious and unconscious elements, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

psique, alma

Ex: Therapists work with individuals to explore and navigate the depths of their psyche during counseling sessions .Los terapeutas trabajan con individuos para explorar y navegar por las profundidades de su **psique** durante las sesiones de consejería.

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psychosis

[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psicosis

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .**Psicosis** puede ser un síntoma de varios trastornos de salud mental, incluyendo esquizofrenia, trastorno bipolar y depresión severa.

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catharsis

[Sustantivo]

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

catarsis

Ex: Participating in a support group can offer catharsis, as sharing personal stories with others who understand can be incredibly healing .Participar en un grupo de apoyo puede ofrecer **catarsis**, ya que compartir historias personales con otros que entienden puede ser increíblemente sanador.

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body dysmorphic disorder

[Sustantivo]

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

TDC

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment of body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .El diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos del **trastorno dismórfico corporal** son esenciales para evitar que la condición afecte gravemente la calidad de vida y la salud mental de un individuo.

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obsessive-compulsive disorder

[Sustantivo]

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

TOC

Ex: Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) can help manage symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder by altering brain chemistry to reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsions .Los medicamentos como los inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina (ISRS) pueden ayudar a manejar los síntomas del **trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo** al alterar la química cerebral para reducir los pensamientos obsesivos y las compulsiones.

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post-traumatic stress disorder

[Sustantivo]

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

TEPT

Ex: Early intervention and support are crucial for individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life .La intervención y el apoyo tempranos son cruciales para las personas con **trastorno de estrés postraumático**, ya que el tratamiento oportuno puede mejorar significativamente los resultados y la calidad de vida.

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attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

[Sustantivo]

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

TDAH

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psychotic

[Sustantivo]

someone who suffers from psychosis

psicótico

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borderline personality disorder

[Sustantivo]

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

trastorno límite de la personalidad

Ex: With appropriate therapy and support , individuals with borderline personality disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life .Con la terapia y el apoyo adecuados, las personas con **trastorno límite de la personalidad** pueden aprender a manejar sus síntomas y mejorar su calidad de vida en general.

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dissociative identity disorder

[Sustantivo]

a psychological condition in which there are more than one personality in a person, each personality has different memories and patterns of behavior

trastorno de identidad disociativo

Ex: Living with dissociative identity disorder can be challenging , as individuals may struggle to maintain a cohesive sense of identity and may experience difficulties in relationships and daily functioning .Vivir con **trastorno de identidad disociativo** puede ser un desafío, ya que los individuos pueden luchar por mantener un sentido cohesivo de identidad y pueden experimentar dificultades en las relaciones y el funcionamiento diario.

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coping mechanism

[Sustantivo]

a strategy or behavior used to manage or counteract challenging emotions, thoughts, or situations

mecanismo de afrontamiento, estrategia de coping

Ex: Avoidance can sometimes be a maladaptive coping mechanism, as individuals may use substances or distractions to temporarily escape from their problems rather than addressing them directly.La evitación a veces puede ser un mecanismo de afrontamiento desadaptativo, ya que los individuos pueden usar sustancias o distracciones para escapar temporalmente de sus problemas en lugar de abordarlos directamente.

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defense mechanism

[Sustantivo]

an unconscious mental strategy individuals use to cope with anxiety, discomfort, or threatening emotions

mecanismo de defensa, mecanismo de protección

Ex: Humor can serve as a defense mechanism, allowing individuals to find amusement in challenging situations to alleviate tension and anxiety .El humor puede servir como **mecanismo de defensa**, permitiendo a los individuos encontrar diversión en situaciones desafiantes para aliviar la tensión y la ansiedad.

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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 8-9)

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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 8-9) - Psychology