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Словарный Запас для IELTS (Академический) - Общество

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова о обществе, такие как "гражданин", "ранг", "равный" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
citizen
citizen
[существительное]

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

гражданин, гражданка

гражданин, гражданка

Ex: Every citizen has the right to vote in democratic elections. 
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class
class
[существительное]

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

класс

класс

Ex: Many workers belong to the middle class. 
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diversity
diversity
[существительное]

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

разнообразие

разнообразие

Ex: The nonprofit organization promotes diversity by engaging volunteers from diverse backgrounds and experiences. 
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ethnic
ethnic
[прилагательное]

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

этнический

этнический

Ex: The neighborhood celebrates its diverse ethnic heritage with cultural festivals and events. 
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middle class
middle class
[существительное]

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

средний класс

средний класс

Ex: Many middle-class families own their homes. 
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minority
minority
[существительное]

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

меньшинство

меньшинство

Ex: The festival celebrated the traditions of local minority populations. 
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monarch
monarch
[существительное]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

монарх

монарх

Ex: The monarch’s coronation was a grand ceremony attended by dignitaries from around the world. 
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racism
racism
[существительное]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

расизм

расизм

Ex: She experienced racism at her new job. 
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rank
rank
[существительное]

a person's position within a social hierarchy or class

чин

чин

Ex: Nobility held the highest rank in medieval society. 
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sociology
sociology
[существительное]

the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior

социология

социология

Ex: She decided to study sociology because she was interested in how culture influences people's behaviors. 
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lower class
lower class
[существительное]

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

низший класс

низший класс

Ex: Many families in the lower class face financial difficulties. 
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anthropology
anthropology
[существительное]

the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

антропология

антропология

Ex: Sarah decided to major in anthropology to study the diverse cultures and societies around the world. 
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citizenship
citizenship
[существительное]

the legal status of being a member of a certain country

гражданство

гражданство

Ex: Citizenship is the legal status that grants individuals certain rights and responsibilities within a country. 
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civic
civic
[прилагательное]

officially relating to or connected with a city or town

гражданский

гражданский

Ex: Civic leaders met to discuss plans for improving public infrastructure in the city. 
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demographic
demographic
[существительное]

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

демографическая группа

демографическая группа

Ex: The new marketing strategy aims to target a younger demographic. 
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peer
peer
[существительное]

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

сверстник

сверстник

Ex: In high school, he struggled to find peers who shared his passion for classical literature. 
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senior citizen
senior citizen
[существительное]

an old person, especially someone who is retired

пенсионер, пожилой гражданин

пенсионер, пожилой гражданин

Ex: As a senior citizen, he enjoys the discounts offered at local stores and restaurants. 
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inferior
inferior
[прилагательное]

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

низший

низший

Ex: He felt that his position in the company was inferior to that of his more experienced colleagues. 
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superior
superior
[прилагательное]

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

превосходный, начальник

превосходный, начальник

Ex: As the CEO, she held a superior position in the company hierarchy, overseeing all operations and making strategic decisions. 
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generation
generation
[существительное]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

поколение

поколение

Ex: The older generation often reminisces about life before smartphones became ubiquitous. 
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race
race
[существительное]

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

раса

раса

Ex: While race can be a source of identity and pride for some, it has also been a source of division and oppression throughout history. 
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upper class
upper class
[существительное]

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

высший класс

высший класс

Ex: The upper class often owns large estates and businesses. 
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working class
working class
[существительное]

a social class that consists of people with low incomes who do manual or industrial work

рабочий класс

рабочий класс

Ex: The working class fought for better wages. 
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bigot
bigot
[существительное]

a person who holds strong opinions about race, religion or politics and is intolerable of differing views

фанатик

фанатик

Ex: The politician's speeches revealed him to be a bigot who refused to consider any perspectives other than his own. 
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elite
elite
[существительное]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

элита

элита

Ex: The elite gathered at the exclusive club for their annual meeting. 
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feminism
feminism
[существительное]

the movement that supports equal rights and opportunities for women and men

феминизм

феминизм

Ex: She learned about feminism in school. 
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human right
human right
[существительное]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

право человека

право человека

Ex: Freedom of speech and expression is a fundamental human right that allows individuals to voice their opinions without fear of censorship or retaliation. 
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majority
majority
[существительное]

the larger part or number of a given set or group

большинство

большинство

Ex: The majority of the committee members voted in favor of the new policy. 
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