Vocabulário para IELTS (Acadêmico) - Society

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre a sociedade, como "cidadão", "posto", "par", etc., que são necessárias para o exame IELTS.

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citizen

[substantivo]

someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized

cidadão, nacional

Ex: The law applies to all citizens, regardless of their background .A lei se aplica a todos os **cidadãos**, independentemente de sua origem.

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class

[substantivo]

a group of people having the same economic or social status in a particular society

classe, estrato social

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diversity

[substantivo]

the practice of involving many people from different cultures, social backgrounds, sexual orientations, etc.

diversidade

Ex: The school 's commitment to diversity is shown through its inclusive curriculum and extracurricular activities .O compromisso da escola com a **diversidade** é demonstrado através do seu currículo inclusivo e atividades extracurriculares.

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ethnic

[adjetivo]

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

étnico

Ex: Ethnic music and dance performances entertain audiences with their rhythmic beats and expressive movements.As performances de música e dança **étnicas** entretêm o público com suas batidas rítmicas e movimentos expressivos.

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middle class

[substantivo]

the social class between the upper and lower classes that includes professional and business people

classe média, burguesia

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minority

[substantivo]

a small group of people who differ in race, religion, etc. and are often mistreated by the society

minoria

Ex: He is researching the history of minority communities in the area .Ele está pesquisando a história das comunidades **minoritárias** na área.

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monarch

[substantivo]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

monarca, soberano

Ex: He collected coins and stamps featuring images of various historical monarchs.Ele colecionava moedas e selos com imagens de vários **monarcas** históricos.

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racism

[substantivo]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

racismo, discriminação racial

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .O **racismo** na força policial tem sido um problema de longa data.

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rank

[substantivo]

the position that a person has in a society or organization in relation to others

posto, graduação

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sociology

[substantivo]

the scientific study of human society, its nature, structure, and development, as well as social behavior

sociologia, estudo científico da sociedade humana

Ex: The study of sociology can help one understand why some social issues persist over time .O estudo da **sociologia** pode ajudar a entender por que alguns problemas sociais persistem ao longo do tempo.

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lower class

[substantivo]

the social class consisting of people with the lowest position in society and the least money

classe baixa, classe inferior

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anthropology

[substantivo]

the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

antropologia

Ex: Biological anthropology explores human evolution , genetics , and physical adaptations through the study of fossils , primates , and modern human populations .A **antropologia** biológica explora a evolução humana, a genética e as adaptações físicas através do estudo de fósseis, primatas e populações humanas modernas.

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citizenship

[substantivo]

the legal status of being a member of a certain country

nacionalidade, cidadania

Ex: Dual citizenship allows individuals to hold legal status and enjoy rights in more than one country simultaneously , offering greater flexibility and opportunities .A dupla **cidadania** permite que os indivíduos tenham status legal e desfrutem de direitos em mais de um país simultaneamente, oferecendo maior flexibilidade e oportunidades.

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civic

[adjetivo]

officially relating to or connected with a city or town

cívico, municipal

Ex: She volunteers for various civic projects .Ela se voluntaria para vários projetos **cívicos**.

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demographic

[substantivo]

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

demográfico, características demográficas

Ex: Companies often tailor their products to appeal to a specific demographic.As empresas frequentemente adaptam seus produtos para atrair um **demográfico** específico.

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peer

[substantivo]

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

par, igual

Ex: Despite being new to the company , she quickly established herself as a peer to her colleagues through hard work and expertise .

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senior citizen

[substantivo]

an old person, especially someone who is retired

idoso, aposentado

Ex: The new policy aims to improve healthcare access for senior citizens across the country .A nova política visa melhorar o acesso aos cuidados de saúde para os **idosos** em todo o país.

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inferior

[adjetivo]

lower in rank or status in comparison with someone or something else

inferior, subalterno

Ex: The team 's performance was deemed inferior to the competing teams in the tournament .O desempenho da equipe foi considerado **inferior** ao das equipes concorrentes no torneio.

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superior

[adjetivo]

higher in status or rank in comparison with someone or something else

superior, superiora

Ex: The superior diplomat represents the country in high-level international negotiations .O diplomata **superior** representa o país em negociações internacionais de alto nível.

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generation

[substantivo]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

geração, geração

Ex: Cultural changes often occur as one generation passes on traditions and values to the next .

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race

[substantivo]

each of the main groups into which humans can be divided based on their physical attributes such as the color of their skin

raça, grupo étnico

Ex: Despite advances in understanding human genetics , race continues to play a significant role in society , influencing everything from social interactions to access to resources .Apesar dos avanços na compreensão da genética humana, a **raça** continua a desempenhar um papel significativo na sociedade, influenciando tudo, desde interações sociais até o acesso a recursos.

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upper class

[substantivo]

a social group made up of people who hold the highest social position and are usually quite wealthy

classe alta, alta sociedade

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working class

[substantivo]

a social class that consists of people with low incomes who do manual or industrial work

classe trabalhadora, proletariado

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bigot

[substantivo]

a person who holds strong opinions about race, religion or politics and is intolerable of differing views

fanático, intolerante

Ex: Efforts to promote inclusivity were often met with resistance from the bigot in the organization .Esforços para promover a inclusividade foram frequentemente recebidos com resistência pelo **intolerante** na organização.

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elite

[substantivo]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

elite

Ex: He aspired to join the intellectual elite of the academic world .Ele aspirava a se juntar à **elite** intelectual do mundo acadêmico.

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feminism

[substantivo]

the movement that supports equal treatment of men and women and believes women should have the same rights and opportunities

feminismo

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human right

[substantivo]

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

direito humano

Ex: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights , adopted by the United Nations in 1948 , outlines basic human rights such as the right to life , liberty , and security of person .A Declaração Universal dos **Direitos Humanos**, adotada pelas Nações Unidas em 1948, descreve os direitos humanos básicos, como o direito à vida, à liberdade e à segurança pessoal.

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majority

[substantivo]

the larger part or number of a given set or group

maioria, a maior parte

Ex: A majority of residents expressed concerns about the proposed construction project .A **maioria** dos residentes expressou preocupações sobre o projeto de construção proposto.

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Vocabulário para IELTS (Acadêmico) - Society