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GRE必备词汇 - 科学地讲

在这里你将学习一些GRE考试所需的有关科学的英语单词,例如“antigen”、“clone”、“lymph”等。

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
zoology

a branch of science that deals with animals

动物学

动物学

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botany

the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

植物学

植物学

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synthesis

the act of producing a substance that exists in living beings

合成

合成

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antigen

any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system

抗原

抗原

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cortisol

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

皮质醇

皮质醇

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clone

a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

克隆

克隆

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dominant

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

显性

显性

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fetus

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

胎儿

胎儿

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gene pool

all of the genes that are available within breeding populations of a particular species of animal or plant

基因库

基因库

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genome

the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

基因组

基因组

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incubation

the controlled maintenance of a specific temperature; fostering optimal conditions for the development of organisms, processes, or materials

孵化

孵化

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lymph

a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading

淋巴

淋巴

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membrane

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

膜

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to mutate

to experience genetic changes

变异

变异

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neurotransmitter

a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle

神经递质

神经递质

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symbiosis

a close and often long-term interaction between two different species living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both

共生

共生

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specimen

a representative or characteristic sample that is examined or analyzed to gain insights or understanding of a particular group or category

标本

标本

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to secrete

(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body

分泌

分泌

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propagation

the process of natural multiplication; representing the expansion of a population over time

传播

传播

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pigmentation

the natural coloring of tissues, surfaces, or structures; contributing to the characteristic hues or tones observed in animals, plants, or human beings

色素沉着

色素沉着

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physiology

the field of science that studies the function or interactions among organisms

生理学

生理学

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to ovulate

(of a female animal or human) to produce an ovum from the ovary

排卵

排卵

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nucleus

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

细胞核

细胞核

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metabolism

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

新陈代谢

新陈代谢

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carbon dating

a method used for measuring how old an organic material is by calculating the amount of carbon they contain

碳定年

碳定年

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cybernetics

the study of how communication and control work in living organisms and machines, focusing on information flow, feedback, and system regulation

控制论

控制论

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pathology

a branch of medical science primarily focusing on the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury

病理学

病理学

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vivisection

the scientific and experimental operations performed on live animals

活体解剖

活体解剖

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aerodynamics

the study of the behavior of air as it interacts with solid objects, particularly the flow of air around and through objects, and the effects of this interaction on the objects

气动学

气动学

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volatile

having a tendency to change rapidly and unpredictably, often characterized by fluctuations or instability

挥发性的

挥发性的

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vacuum

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

真空

真空

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thermal

related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat

热的

热的

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refraction

the bending of the wave's path as it passes from one medium to another; caused by a change in its speed or direction

折射

折射

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particle

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

粒子

粒子

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to oscillate

to move back and forth repeatedly between two points or positions

摆动

摆动

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nuclear fission

the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy

核裂变

核裂变

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nuclear fusion

(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy

核聚变

核聚变

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momentum

the strength of a moving object determined by multiplying how heavy it is by how fast it is going

动量

动量

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isotope

each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass

同位素

同位素

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kinetic

relating to the energy associated with motion or movement, emphasizing the dynamic state of objects in action

动能的

动能的

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