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any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system
抗原
a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases
皮质醇
a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to
克隆
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
显性, 主导的
an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception
胎儿, 胚胎
all of the genes that are available within breeding populations of a particular species of animal or plant
基因库, 基因池
the controlled maintenance of a specific temperature; fostering optimal conditions for the development of organisms, processes, or materials
孵化
a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading
淋巴
a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle
神经递质
a close and often long-term interaction between two different species living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both
共生, 共生关系
a representative or characteristic sample that is examined or analyzed to gain insights or understanding of a particular group or category
标本, 样本
(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body
分泌, 产生
the process of natural multiplication; representing the expansion of a population over time
传播, 繁殖
the natural coloring of tissues, surfaces, or structures; contributing to the characteristic hues or tones observed in animals, plants, or human beings
色素沉着
the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use
新陈代谢
a method used for measuring how old an organic material is by calculating the amount of carbon they contain
碳定年, 放射性碳定年
the study of how communication and control work in living organisms and machines, focusing on information flow, feedback, and system regulation
控制论
a branch of medical science primarily focusing on the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury
病理学
the study of the behavior of air as it interacts with solid objects, particularly the flow of air around and through objects, and the effects of this interaction on the objects
气动学
having a tendency to change rapidly and unpredictably, often characterized by fluctuations or instability
挥发性的, 不稳定的
related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat
热的, 热学的
the bending of the wave's path as it passes from one medium to another; caused by a change in its speed or direction
折射
(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.
粒子, 元素
the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy
核裂变, 核分裂
(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy
核聚变, 核融合
the strength of a moving object determined by multiplying how heavy it is by how fast it is going
动量, 势头
each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass
同位素
relating to the energy associated with motion or movement, emphasizing the dynamic state of objects in action
动能的, 与运动相关的
