IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9) - Internet

在这里，你将学习一些与互联网相关的英语单词，这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

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闪卡

拼写

测验

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application programming interface

[短语]

a set of protocols and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with each other

Ex: The RESTful API for a weather service allows developers to retrieve current weather data and forecasts for specific locations.

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IP address

[名词]

(computing) a set of numbers separated by dots that a computer with an active Internet connection is identified with

IP地址, 互联网协议地址

Ex: IT administrators track suspicious activities by monitoring IP addresses accessing their network.IT管理员通过监控访问其网络的**IP地址**来跟踪可疑活动。

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URL

[名词]

the address of a resource on the Internet

URL, 网址

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HTTP

[名词]

the system in HTML in which data is being sent and received on World Wide Web

HTTP, 超文本传输协议

Ex: The developer checked the HTTP response status for errors .开发者检查了**HTTP**响应状态以查找错误。

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bandwidth

[名词]

the maximum rate of data transfer of an electronic communication system

带宽, 最大数据传输速率

Ex: In computing, bandwidth can refer to the amount of data that can be processed or transmitted in a given amount of time, often used in the context of memory or CPU performance.在计算中，**带宽**可以指在给定时间内可以处理或传输的数据量，常用于内存或CPU性能的上下文中。

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local area network

[短语]

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

Ex: Home networks , consisting of multiple devices connected to a router , are a common example of local area network used for internet access and file sharing within a household .

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to ping

[动词]

to send a signal to a computer and wait for a reply as a way to test the connection

发送ping, ping

Ex: To troubleshoot internet connectivity , you can ping a website like google.com to check if your computer can reach it .要排查互联网连接问题，您可以**ping**像google.com这样的网站，以检查您的计算机是否可以到达它。

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Domain Name System

[短语]

a decentralized naming system used on the Internet to translate human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses that computers can understand, enabling the proper routing of data between devices and servers

Ex: DNS caching improves performance by storing recent DNS lookup results locally, reducing the time required to resolve domain names.

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proxy server

[名词]

a server that acts as an intermediary between a user's device and the internet, forwarding requests and responses to enhance security, privacy, or performance

代理服务器, 中介服务器

Ex: In a corporate environment, a proxy server can filter and block certain content to ensure a secure and compliant network.在企业环境中，**代理服务器**可以过滤和阻止某些内容，以确保网络的安全性和合规性。

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portal

[名词]

(computing) a website that serves as a point of entry to other websites, with a collection of links categorized based on topic through which the user can search

门户, 门户网站

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HTML

[名词]

(computing) a markup language used for the documents that are supposed to be displayed on the World Wide Web

HTML, 超文本标记语言

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host

[名词]

a computer or device on a network that provides services, resources, or data to other computers or devices, known as clients

主机, 服务器

Ex: Cloud hosting services provide virtual hosts where businesses can store and access data .云托管服务提供虚拟**主机**，企业可以在其中存储和访问数据。

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back end

[名词]

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

后端, 服务器部分

Ex: When users interact with a web application , their actions trigger requests to the back end, which processes the data and generates responses visible on the front end .当用户与网络应用程序交互时，他们的行为会触发对**后端**的请求，后端处理数据并生成在前端可见的响应。

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front end

[名词]

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

用户界面, 前端

Ex: When using a computer , the front end is the part that users interact with directly , such as clicking icons , typing text , or navigating menus to access applications and perform tasks .使用计算机时，**前端**是用户直接与之交互的部分，例如点击图标、输入文本或导航菜单以访问应用程序和执行任务。

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courseware

[名词]

a type of educational software or online materials designed for teaching specific subjects or skills

课件, 教育软件

Ex: Teachers and instructors often customize courseware to meet the specific needs of their students , tailoring content and activities to enhance learning outcomes .教师和讲师经常定制**课件**以满足学生的特定需求，调整内容和活动以提高学习成果。

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cracker

[名词]

an individual who engages in unauthorized attempts to access computer systems, networks, or software, often with malicious intent

电脑黑客, 恶意黑客

Ex: Educational programs on cybersecurity emphasize the importance of ethical behavior and discourage individuals from becoming crackers.网络安全教育计划强调道德行为的重要性，并劝阻个人成为**黑客**。

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trojan horse

[名词]

a harmful program that pretends to be legitimate and can give unauthorized access to a device

特洛伊木马, 木马

Ex: Many trojan horse infections occur through fake downloads or links .许多**木马**感染是通过虚假下载或链接发生的。

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augmented reality

[名词]

a technology that overlays computer-generated information, such as images or data, onto the real world, enhancing the user's perception and interaction with their environment

增强现实, AR

Ex: Industrial applications of augmented reality include training simulations , remote assistance , and visualizing complex machinery or architectural designs in real-world contexts .**增强现实**的工业应用包括培训模拟、远程协助以及在现实环境中可视化复杂机械或建筑设计。

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cyberbullying

[名词]

the use of electronic communication to harass, intimidate, or harm others, typically through social media, messaging apps, or online platforms

网络欺凌, 网络霸凌

Ex: Laws and policies have been enacted to combat cyberbullying and protect individuals from online harassment and abuse.已颁布法律和政策以打击**网络欺凌**并保护个人免受在线骚扰和虐待。

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IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9)

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IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9) - Internet