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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 8-9) - Internet

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s internetem, která jsou nezbytná pro zkoušku Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)

a set of protocols and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with each other

Ex: The RESTful API for a weather service allows developers to retrieve current weather data and forecasts for specific locations.
IP address
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a set of numbers separated by dots that a computer with an active Internet connection is identified with

IP adresa, Internetová adresa

IP adresa, Internetová adresa

Ex: IT administrators track suspicious activities by monitoring IP addresses accessing their network.
URL
[Podstatné jméno]

the address of a resource on the Internet

URL adresa, adresa URL

URL adresa, adresa URL

HTTP
[Podstatné jméno]

the system in HTML in which data is being sent and received on World Wide Web

HTTP, protokol HTTP

HTTP, protokol HTTP

Ex: The developer checked HTTP response status for errors .
bandwidth
[Podstatné jméno]

the maximum rate of data transfer of an electronic communication system

šir bandwidthu, pásmo přenosu

šir bandwidthu, pásmo přenosu

Ex: In computing, bandwidth can refer to the amount of data that can be processed or transmitted in a given amount of time, often used in the context of memory or CPU performance.

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

Ex: Home networks , consisting of multiple devices connected to a router , are a common example of local area network used for internet access and file sharing within a household .
to ping
[sloveso]

to send a signal to a computer and wait for a reply as a way to test the connection

pingnout, poslat ping

pingnout, poslat ping

Ex: To troubleshoot internet connectivity , you ping a website like google.com to check if your computer can reach it .

a decentralized naming system used on the Internet to translate human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses that computers can understand, enabling the proper routing of data between devices and servers

Ex: DNS caching improves performance by storing recent DNS lookup results locally, reducing the time required to resolve domain names.
proxy server
[Podstatné jméno]

a server that acts as an intermediary between a user's device and the internet, forwarding requests and responses to enhance security, privacy, or performance

proxy server, zprostředkovací server

proxy server, zprostředkovací server

Ex: In a corporate environment, a proxy server can filter and block certain content to ensure a secure and compliant network.
portal
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a website that serves as a point of entry to other websites, with a collection of links categorized based on topic through which the user can search

portál, návratová stránka

portál, návratová stránka

HTML
[Podstatné jméno]

(computing) a markup language used for the documents that are supposed to be displayed on the World Wide Web

HTML, jazyk HTML

HTML, jazyk HTML

host
[Podstatné jméno]

a computer or device on a network that provides services, resources, or data to other computers or devices, known as clients

hostitel, server

hostitel, server

Ex: Cloud hosting services provide hosts where businesses can store and access data .
back end
[Podstatné jméno]

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

základní část, zadní část

základní část, zadní část

Ex: When users interact with a web application , their actions trigger requests to back end, which processes the data and generates responses visible on the front end .
front end
[Podstatné jméno]

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

přední část, uživatelské rozhraní

přední část, uživatelské rozhraní

Ex: When using a computer , front end is the part that users interact with directly , such as clicking icons , typing text , or navigating menus to access applications and perform tasks .
courseware
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of educational software or online materials designed for teaching specific subjects or skills

výukový software, výukové materiály

výukový software, výukové materiály

Ex: Teachers and instructors often courseware to meet the specific needs of their students , tailoring content and activities to enhance learning outcomes .
cracker
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual who engages in unauthorized attempts to access computer systems, networks, or software, often with malicious intent

crackeři, útočníci

crackeři, útočníci

Ex: Educational programs on cybersecurity emphasize the importance of ethical behavior and discourage individuals from crackers.
trojan horse
[Podstatné jméno]

a harmful program that pretends to be legitimate and can give unauthorized access to a device

trojský kůň, trojský virus

trojský kůň, trojský virus

Ex: trojan horse infections occur through fake downloads or links .
augmented reality
[Podstatné jméno]

a technology that overlays computer-generated information, such as images or data, onto the real world, enhancing the user's perception and interaction with their environment

rozšířená realita, augmentovaná realita

rozšířená realita, augmentovaná realita

Ex: Industrial applications augmented reality include training simulations , remote assistance , and visualizing complex machinery or architectural designs in real-world contexts .
cyberbullying
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of electronic communication to harass, intimidate, or harm others, typically through social media, messaging apps, or online platforms

kyberšikana, internetové obtěžování

kyberšikana, internetové obtěžování

Ex: Laws and policies have been enacted to combat cyberbullying and protect individuals from online harassment and abuse.
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