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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 8-9) - Internet

Aquí, aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con Internet que son necesarias para el examen académico IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
application programming interface

a set of protocols and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with each other

Ex: The Spotify API enables developers to access music streaming services and create custom music applications. 
IP address
IP address
[Sustantivo]

(computing) a set of numbers separated by dots that a computer with an active Internet connection is identified with

dirección IP

dirección IP

Ex: Dynamic IP addresses are assigned by ISPs and may change periodically. 

Las direcciones IP dinámicas son asignadas por los ISP y pueden cambiar periódicamente.

URL
URL
[Sustantivo]

the address of a resource on the Internet

URL

URL

HTTP
HTTP
[Sustantivo]

the system in HTML in which data is being sent and received on World Wide Web

HTTP

HTTP

Ex: HTTP protocols determine how messages are formatted and transmitted. 

Los protocolos HTTP determinan cómo se formatean y transmiten los mensajes.

bandwidth
bandwidth
[Sustantivo]

the maximum rate of data transfer of an electronic communication system

ancho de banda

ancho de banda

Ex: Bandwidth is also used to describe the capacity of a communication channel to transmit data, such as the frequency range of a radio signal. 

El ancho de banda también se utiliza para describir la capacidad de un canal de comunicación para transmitir datos, como el rango de frecuencia de una señal de radio.

local area network

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

LAN

LAN

Ex: Ethernet and Wi-Fi are common technologies used to create LANs, allowing devices to connect to the network using wired or wireless connections 
to ping
to ping
[Verbo]

to send a signal to a computer and wait for a reply as a way to test the connection

hacer un ping a

hacer un ping a

Ex: Please ping the network printer to check if it's online. 

Por favor, haz ping a la impresora de red para comprobar si está en línea.

Domain Name System

a decentralized naming system used on the Internet to translate human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses that computers can understand, enabling the proper routing of data between devices and servers

Ex: DNS provides a hierarchical naming system that organizes domain names into manageable domains and subdomains. 
proxy server
proxy server
[Sustantivo]

a server that acts as an intermediary between a user's device and the internet, forwarding requests and responses to enhance security, privacy, or performance

servidor proxy

servidor proxy

Ex: Users in countries with internet restrictions can access blocked content by using a proxy server based in a different location. 

Los usuarios en países con restricciones de internet pueden acceder a contenido bloqueado utilizando un servidor proxy basado en una ubicación diferente.

portal
portal
[Sustantivo]

(computing) a website that serves as a point of entry to other websites, with a collection of links categorized based on topic through which the user can search

portal

portal

HTML
HTML
[Sustantivo]

(computing) a markup language used for the documents that are supposed to be displayed on the World Wide Web

HTML

HTML

host
host
[Sustantivo]

a computer or device on a network that provides services, resources, or data to other computers or devices, known as clients

anfitrión, servidor

anfitrión, servidor

Ex: A file server on a network serves as a host, storing and sharing files with connected devices. 

Un servidor de archivos en una red actúa como un anfitrión, almacenando y compartiendo archivos con dispositivos conectados.

back end
back end
[Sustantivo]

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

modo administrador

modo administrador

Ex: Database administrators manage the back end by optimizing database performance, implementing data backups, and monitoring system health. 

Los administradores de bases de datos gestionan el back end optimizando el rendimiento de la base de datos, implementando copias de seguridad de datos y monitoreando la salud del sistema.

front end
front end
[Sustantivo]

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

interfaz de usuario

interfaz de usuario

Ex: Front-end developers focus on creating engaging and intuitive user interfaces by writing HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code to render web pages and handle user interactions. 

Los desarrolladores front-end se centran en crear interfaces de usuario atractivas e intuitivas escribiendo código HTML, CSS y JavaScript para renderizar páginas web y manejar las interacciones de los usuarios.

courseware
courseware
[Sustantivo]

a type of educational software or online materials designed for teaching specific subjects or skills

material didáctico, software educativo

material didáctico, software educativo

Ex: Online learning platforms, such as Coursera and edX, offer a wide range of courseware covering various subjects and disciplines. 

Las plataformas de aprendizaje en línea, como Coursera y edX, ofrecen una amplia gama de material didáctico que cubre diversas materias y disciplinas.

cracker
cracker
[Sustantivo]

an individual who engages in unauthorized attempts to access computer systems, networks, or software, often with malicious intent

pirata informático, hacker malintencionado

pirata informático, hacker malintencionado

Ex: The cracker gained access to the database and stole sensitive customer information, leading to a data breach. 

El cracker obtuvo acceso a la base de datos y robó información sensible de los clientes, lo que provocó una violación de datos.

trojan horse
trojan horse
[Sustantivo]

a harmful program that pretends to be legitimate and can give unauthorized access to a device

troyano

troyano

Ex: His computer was infected by a trojan horse that appeared as an update. 

Su computadora fue infectada por un caballo de Troya que apareció como una actualización.

augmented reality
augmented reality
[Sustantivo]

a technology that overlays computer-generated information, such as images or data, onto the real world, enhancing the user's perception and interaction with their environment

realidad aumentada, RA

realidad aumentada, RA

Ex: Retailers use augmented reality to provide customers with immersive shopping experiences, such as trying on virtual clothing or visualizing furniture in their homes before making a purchase. 

Los minoristas utilizan la realidad aumentada para proporcionar a los clientes experiencias de compra inmersivas, como probarse ropa virtual o visualizar muebles en sus hogares antes de realizar una compra.

cyberbullying
cyberbullying
[Sustantivo]

the use of electronic communication to harass, intimidate, or harm others, typically through social media, messaging apps, or online platforms

ciberacoso, acoso en línea

ciberacoso, acoso en línea

Ex: Cyberbullying can take various forms, including spreading rumors, sharing embarrassing photos or videos, or sending threatening messages online. 
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