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语言学 - 语言学的分支

在这里,你将学习一些与语言学分支相关的英语单词,如“形态学”、“语义学”和“句法学”。

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Words Related to Linguistics
morphology
[名词]

the field of linguistics that investigates how words are formed, analyzed, and combined to convey meaning, including the study of prefixes, suffixes, roots, and other linguistic units

形态学, 词形研究

形态学, 词形研究

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etymology
[名词]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

词源学

词源学

Ex: The etymology of " amplify " reveals its roots in Latin " amplus , " meaning large or spacious .“amplify”的**词源**揭示了它源于拉丁语“amplus”,意为大或宽敞。
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lexicology
[名词]

a branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of words, their meanings, origins, and relationships within a language, including vocabulary development, word formation processes, and semantic analysis

词汇学, 词汇研究

词汇学, 词汇研究

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a linguistic field that explores the interactions between morphology and phonology, investigating how morphological processes can affect the pronunciation and phonetic realization of words

形态音系学, 研究形态学和音系学之间相互作用的学科

形态音系学, 研究形态学和音系学之间相互作用的学科

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dialectology
[名词]

a branch of linguistics that examines and analyzes the variations in language, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and usage, within specific geographic regions or social groups, with a focus on studying different dialects and their characteristics

方言学, 方言研究

方言学, 方言研究

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the branch of linguistics that explores the changes and developments in languages throughout history, tracing their origins, evolution, and relationships through the analysis of written records and comparative analysis

历史语言学, 比较语言学

历史语言学, 比较语言学

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onomasiology
[名词]

a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of the concepts and processes involved in the selection and naming of words and expressions to represent specific meanings or referents in language

名称学, 命名研究

名称学, 命名研究

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semantics
[名词]

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

语义学

语义学

Ex: Differences in semantics can lead to misunderstandings , especially when translating between languages with distinct cultural contexts .**语义学**的差异可能导致误解,特别是在具有不同文化背景的语言之间进行翻译时。
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a subfield of linguistics that focuses on developing models, theories, and frameworks to understand the structure, organization, and underlying principles of human language

理论语言学, 语言学理论

理论语言学, 语言学理论

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a branch of linguistics that applies theories to real-world issues like language teaching, learning, and policy

应用语言学, 实践语言学

应用语言学, 实践语言学

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a subfield of linguistics that employs mathematical and logical tools to study the precise meaning and interpretation of language, focusing on the formal representation of meaning using formal languages, logic, and computational methods

形式语义学, 数学语义学

形式语义学, 数学语义学

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an interdisciplinary field that investigates the relationship between language, cognition, and the mind, examining how language reflects and shapes our cognitive processes and conceptual systems

认知语言学, 语言的认知科学

认知语言学, 语言的认知科学

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paleography
[名词]

the study of old handwriting and scripts to understand ancient documents and manuscripts

古文字学, 研究古代手写体和文字以理解古代文献和手稿

古文字学, 研究古代手写体和文字以理解古代文献和手稿

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graphemics
[名词]

the study of the written representation of language, examining the relationship between written symbols (graphemes) and their corresponding sounds or meanings

字位学, 对字位的研究

字位学, 对字位的研究

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semiotics
[名词]

the study of signs and symbols and their interpretation, examining how meaning is created, communicated, and understood through various systems of signs, including language, images, gestures, and cultural symbols

符号学, 对符号和象征的研究

符号学, 对符号和象征的研究

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phonetics
[名词]

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

语音学

语音学

Ex: Phonetics plays a crucial role in language learning and teaching , helping learners to accurately pronounce and recognize the sounds of a foreign language .**语音学**在语言学习和教学中起着至关重要的作用,帮助学习者准确地发音和识别外语的声音。
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a branch of phonetics that focuses on the physical properties of sound waves produced during speech, analyzing and describing the acoustic characteristics of speech sounds

声学语音学, 语音声学

声学语音学, 语音声学

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a branch of phonetics that examines how speech sounds are perceived and processed by the human auditory system

听觉语音学, 听觉系统的语音学

听觉语音学, 听觉系统的语音学

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the study of language structures and features across different languages to identify similarities, differences, and historical relationships among them

比较语言学, 语言的比较研究

比较语言学, 语言的比较研究

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the interdisciplinary field that combines linguistics and computer science to develop algorithms, models, and technologies for the analysis, understanding, and generation of natural language by computers

计算语言学, 计算机语言学

计算语言学, 计算机语言学

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the application of linguistic analysis and techniques to legal and criminal investigations, including the examination of language evidence to determine authorship, authenticity, and linguistic patterns in legal contexts

法医语言学, 司法语言学

法医语言学, 司法语言学

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a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language in its cultural and social context, examining the relationship between language, culture, and society

人类语言学, 人类学语言学

人类语言学, 人类学语言学

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lexicography
[名词]

the practice and study of compiling, editing, and writing dictionaries, focusing on the principles and methods of dictionary creation

词典学, 编纂、编辑和撰写词典的实践和研究

词典学, 编纂、编辑和撰写词典的实践和研究

Ex: Studying lexicography provides insights into how language evolves and how dictionaries reflect that change .研究**词典学**可以深入了解语言的演变以及词典如何反映这种变化。
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the interdisciplinary field that investigates the relationship between language, culture, and society, focusing on how language influences and is influenced by the cultural practices, beliefs, and identities of different ethnic groups or communities

民族语言学

民族语言学

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a linguistic discipline that investigates how language meaning is shaped by cognitive processes, such as perception, categorization, and conceptualization, emphasizing the interplay between language and human thought

认知语义学, 认知语义

认知语义学, 认知语义

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semasiology
[名词]

the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of meaning in language, examining how words, signs, and other linguistic units acquire and convey meaning within a particular language or across languages

语义学

语义学

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a branch of linguistics that examines the meaning of individual words and the relationships between them

词汇语义学, 词汇的语义学

词汇语义学, 词汇的语义学

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the field of study that focuses on the structure, grammar, and usage of sign languages used by Deaf communities

手语语言学, 手语的语言学研究

手语语言学, 手语的语言学研究

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the study of how social factors like class, gender, and geography shape language variation and use

社会语言学, 研究社会因素如阶级、性别和地理如何塑造语言变异和使用的学科

社会语言学, 研究社会因素如阶级、性别和地理如何塑造语言变异和使用的学科

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the field of study that uses large collections of authentic texts to analyze language patterns, usage, and variation, employing quantitative and qualitative methods for empirical linguistic analysis

语料库语言学, 语料库语言学研究

语料库语言学, 语料库语言学研究

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the field of study that classifies and compares languages based on their structural features, aiming to identify and categorize common patterns and variations across different languages worldwide

语言类型学, 语言分类学

语言类型学, 语言分类学

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an interdisciplinary field that examines the theory, practice, and processes of translating texts from one language to another, considering the linguistic, cultural, and social factors involved in the transfer of meaning between languages

翻译研究, 翻译学

翻译研究, 翻译学

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a branch of linguistics that compares and analyzes the similarities and differences between two or more languages

对比语言学, 比较语言学

对比语言学, 比较语言学

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pragmatics
[名词]

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with the sentences and the contexts in which they are used

语用学, 语用学(语言学的一个分支)

语用学, 语用学(语言学的一个分支)

Ex: The study of pragmatics reveals how gestures and facial expressions complement verbal communication .**语用学**的研究揭示了手势和面部表情如何补充言语交流。
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phonology
[名词]

the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of the sounds and sound patterns of language, including the analysis of phonemes, phonological rules, and the organization and systematic patterns of speech sounds within a particular language or languages

音系学, 语言声音的研究

音系学, 语言声音的研究

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the study of how language is processed, produced, and acquired in the human mind

心理语言学, 心理语言学研究

心理语言学, 心理语言学研究

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the study of the relationship between language and the brain's structure and function

神经语言学

神经语言学

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syntax
[名词]

the branch of linguistics that studies the structure, organization, and rules governing the arrangement of words and phrases to form sentences in a language

句法

句法

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a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language variation and change across geographic regions

地理语言学, 语言地理学

地理语言学, 语言地理学

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a subfield of linguistics that employs a methodological approach to investigate language in its broader social and cultural context, examining the structures, patterns, and functions of communication

话语分析, 话语研究

话语分析, 话语研究

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a subfield of linguistics that examines language as it exists at a specific moment in time, without considering its historical development or changes over time

共时语言学, 语言的共时研究

共时语言学, 语言的共时研究

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phraseology
[名词]

the study of fixed and conventionalized expressions, including idioms, collocations, and formulaic language, which play a significant role in language use and communication

短语学, 对固定和常规化表达的研究

短语学, 对固定和常规化表达的研究

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the study of the structural patterns and features of languages from a comparative perspective

句法类型学, 从比较的角度研究语言的结构模式和特征

句法类型学, 从比较的角度研究语言的结构模式和特征

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a branch of linguistics that examines and categorizes the phonological systems and processes across different languages

音系类型学, 音系系统的类型学

音系类型学, 音系系统的类型学

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a branch of linguistics that focuses on the categorization and comparison of semantic features and structures found in different languages

语义类型学, 语义分类

语义类型学, 语义分类

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a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language change over time and how it affects typological patterns

历时类型学, 历史类型学

历时类型学, 历史类型学

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the study of how languages differ in terms of their lexical features, including word classes, derivational processes, and semantic categories

词汇类型学, 词汇特征研究

词汇类型学, 词汇特征研究

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the investigation of how languages vary in their use of pragmatic features and strategies, such as politeness, deixis, discourse structure, and speech acts, to achieve effective communication

语用类型学, 语言的语用研究

语用类型学, 语言的语用研究

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philology
[名词]

the study of language, literature, and historical texts to understand their origins, development, and cultural context, encompassing areas such as linguistics, textual criticism, and literary analysis

语文学, 历史文本研究

语文学, 历史文本研究

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phonotactics
[名词]

a branch of phonology that specifically focuses on the study of the rules and patterns governing the arrangement of sounds within a language

音位配列学, 研究声音组合规则的学科

音位配列学, 研究声音组合规则的学科

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语言学
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