Lingvistika - Oborové větve lingvistiky
Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s odvětvími lingvistiky, jako je "morfologie", "sémantika" a "syntax".
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the field of linguistics that investigates how words are formed, analyzed, and combined to convey meaning, including the study of prefixes, suffixes, roots, and other linguistic units
morfologie, studium tvorby slov
the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings
etymologie
Etymologie slova "amplify" odhaluje jeho kořeny v latinském "amplus", což znamená velký nebo prostorný.
a branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of words, their meanings, origins, and relationships within a language, including vocabulary development, word formation processes, and semantic analysis
lexikologie, studium slov
a linguistic field that explores the interactions between morphology and phonology, investigating how morphological processes can affect the pronunciation and phonetic realization of words
morfofonologie, studium interakcí mezi morfologií a fonologií
a branch of linguistics that examines and analyzes the variations in language, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and usage, within specific geographic regions or social groups, with a focus on studying different dialects and their characteristics
dialektologie, studium nářečí
the branch of linguistics that explores the changes and developments in languages throughout history, tracing their origins, evolution, and relationships through the analysis of written records and comparative analysis
historická lingvistika, srovnávací jazykověda
a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of the concepts and processes involved in the selection and naming of words and expressions to represent specific meanings or referents in language
onomasiologie, studium pojmenování
(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth
sémantika
Rozdíly v sémantice mohou vést k nedorozumění, zejména při překladu mezi jazyky s odlišnými kulturními kontexty.
a subfield of linguistics that focuses on developing models, theories, and frameworks to understand the structure, organization, and underlying principles of human language
teoretická lingvistika, lingvistická teorie
a branch of linguistics that applies theories to real-world issues like language teaching, learning, and policy
aplikovaná lingvistika, praktická lingvistika
a subfield of linguistics that employs mathematical and logical tools to study the precise meaning and interpretation of language, focusing on the formal representation of meaning using formal languages, logic, and computational methods
formální sémantika, matematická sémantika
an interdisciplinary field that investigates the relationship between language, cognition, and the mind, examining how language reflects and shapes our cognitive processes and conceptual systems
kognitivní lingvistika, kognitivní vědy o jazyce
the study of old handwriting and scripts to understand ancient documents and manuscripts
paleografie, studium starého písma
the study of the written representation of language, examining the relationship between written symbols (graphemes) and their corresponding sounds or meanings
grafémika, studium grafémů
the study of signs and symbols and their interpretation, examining how meaning is created, communicated, and understood through various systems of signs, including language, images, gestures, and cultural symbols
sémiotika, studium znaků a symbolů
the science and study of speech sounds and their production
fonetika
Fonetika hraje klíčovou roli ve výuce a učení se jazykům, pomáhá studentům přesně vyslovovat a rozpoznávat zvuky cizího jazyka.
a branch of phonetics that focuses on the physical properties of sound waves produced during speech, analyzing and describing the acoustic characteristics of speech sounds
akustická fonetika, fonetická akustika
a branch of phonetics that examines how speech sounds are perceived and processed by the human auditory system
sluchová fonetika, fonetika sluchu
the study of language structures and features across different languages to identify similarities, differences, and historical relationships among them
srovnávací jazykověda, srovnávací studium jazyků
the interdisciplinary field that combines linguistics and computer science to develop algorithms, models, and technologies for the analysis, understanding, and generation of natural language by computers
počítačová lingvistika, výpočetní lingvistika
the application of linguistic analysis and techniques to legal and criminal investigations, including the examination of language evidence to determine authorship, authenticity, and linguistic patterns in legal contexts
forenzní lingvistika, soudní lingvistika
a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language in its cultural and social context, examining the relationship between language, culture, and society
antropologická lingvistika, antropolingvistika
the practice and study of compiling, editing, and writing dictionaries, focusing on the principles and methods of dictionary creation
lexikografie, praxe a studium sestavování
Studium lexikografie poskytuje vhled do toho, jak se jazyk vyvíjí a jak slovníky odrážejí tuto změnu.
the interdisciplinary field that investigates the relationship between language, culture, and society, focusing on how language influences and is influenced by the cultural practices, beliefs, and identities of different ethnic groups or communities
etnolingvistika
a linguistic discipline that investigates how language meaning is shaped by cognitive processes, such as perception, categorization, and conceptualization, emphasizing the interplay between language and human thought
kognitivní sémantika, poznávací sémantika
the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of meaning in language, examining how words, signs, and other linguistic units acquire and convey meaning within a particular language or across languages
sémaziologie
a branch of linguistics that examines the meaning of individual words and the relationships between them
lexikální sémantika, sémantika lexikonu
the field of study that focuses on the structure, grammar, and usage of sign languages used by Deaf communities
lingvistika znakového jazyka, jazykovědné studium znakových jazyků
the study of how social factors like class, gender, and geography shape language variation and use
sociolingvistika, studium toho
the field of study that uses large collections of authentic texts to analyze language patterns, usage, and variation, employing quantitative and qualitative methods for empirical linguistic analysis
korpusová lingvistika, lingvistika korpusu
the field of study that classifies and compares languages based on their structural features, aiming to identify and categorize common patterns and variations across different languages worldwide
lingvistická typologie, jazyková klasifikace
an interdisciplinary field that examines the theory, practice, and processes of translating texts from one language to another, considering the linguistic, cultural, and social factors involved in the transfer of meaning between languages
překladatelské studie, translatologie
a branch of linguistics that compares and analyzes the similarities and differences between two or more languages
kontrastivní lingvistika, srovnávací jazykověda
(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with the sentences and the contexts in which they are used
pragmatika, jazyková pragmatika
Studium pragmatiky odhaluje, jak gesta a výrazy obličeje doplňují verbální komunikaci.
the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of the sounds and sound patterns of language, including the analysis of phonemes, phonological rules, and the organization and systematic patterns of speech sounds within a particular language or languages
fonologie, studium zvuků jazyka
the study of how language is processed, produced, and acquired in the human mind
psycholingvistika, studium psycholingvistiky
the study of the relationship between language and the brain's structure and function
neurolingvistika
the branch of linguistics that studies how words and phrases are structured and organized into sentences
syntax, syntax
Jeho výzkum v syntaxi se zaměřil na vedlejší věty.
a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language variation and change across geographic regions
geolingvistika, geografická lingvistika
a subfield of linguistics that employs a methodological approach to investigate language in its broader social and cultural context, examining the structures, patterns, and functions of communication
analýza diskurzu, studium diskurzu
a subfield of linguistics that examines language as it exists at a specific moment in time, without considering its historical development or changes over time
synchronní lingvistika, synchronní studium jazyků
the study of fixed and conventionalized expressions, including idioms, collocations, and formulaic language, which play a significant role in language use and communication
phraseologie, studium ustálených a konvenčních výrazů
the study of the structural patterns and features of languages from a comparative perspective
syntaktická typologie, studium strukturních vzorců a rysů jazyků z komparativního hlediska
a branch of linguistics that examines and categorizes the phonological systems and processes across different languages
fonologická typologie, typologie fonologických systémů
a branch of linguistics that focuses on the categorization and comparison of semantic features and structures found in different languages
sémantická typologie, sémantická klasifikace
a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language change over time and how it affects typological patterns
diachronní typologie, historická typologie
the study of how languages differ in terms of their lexical features, including word classes, derivational processes, and semantic categories
lexikální typologie, studie lexikálních vlastností
the investigation of how languages vary in their use of pragmatic features and strategies, such as politeness, deixis, discourse structure, and speech acts, to achieve effective communication
pragmatická typologie, pragmatický výzkum jazyků
the study of language, literature, and historical texts to understand their origins, development, and cultural context, encompassing areas such as linguistics, textual criticism, and literary analysis
filologie, studium historických textů
a branch of phonology that specifically focuses on the study of the rules and patterns governing the arrangement of sounds within a language
fonotaktika, studium pravidel kombinace zvuků
