Lingvistika - Odvětví lingvistiky

the field of linguistics that investigates how words are formed, analyzed, and combined to convey meaning, including the study of prefixes, suffixes, roots, and other linguistic units

morfologie

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etymologie

a branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of words, their meanings, origins, and relationships within a language, including vocabulary development, word formation processes, and semantic analysis

lexikologie

a linguistic field that explores the interactions between morphology and phonology, investigating how morphological processes can affect the pronunciation and phonetic realization of words

morfofonologie

a branch of linguistics that examines and analyzes the variations in language, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and usage, within specific geographic regions or social groups, with a focus on studying different dialects and their characteristics

dialektologie

the branch of linguistics that explores the changes and developments in languages throughout history, tracing their origins, evolution, and relationships through the analysis of written records and comparative analysis

historická lingvistika, diachronní lingvistika

a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of the concepts and processes involved in the selection and naming of words and expressions to represent specific meanings or referents in language

onomaziologie

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

sémantika

a subfield of linguistics that focuses on developing models, theories, and frameworks to understand the structure, organization, and underlying principles of human language

teoretická lingvistika, lingvistická teorie

a branch of linguistics that applies linguistic theories and methods to practical real-world situations, addressing issues related to language teaching, language learning, language policy, language assessment, and other areas where language has practical implications

aplikovaná lingvistika, praktická lingvistika

a subfield of linguistics that employs mathematical and logical tools to study the precise meaning and interpretation of language, focusing on the formal representation of meaning using formal languages, logic, and computational methods

formální sémantika, matematická sémantika

an interdisciplinary field that investigates the relationship between language, cognition, and the mind, examining how language reflects and shapes our cognitive processes and conceptual systems

kognitivní lingvistika, lingvistika kognice

the study of old handwriting and scripts to understand ancient documents and manuscripts

paleografie

the study of the written representation of language, examining the relationship between written symbols (graphemes) and their corresponding sounds or meanings

grafémika

the study of signs and symbols and their interpretation, examining how meaning is created, communicated, and understood through various systems of signs, including language, images, gestures, and cultural symbols

semiotika

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

fonetika

a branch of phonetics that focuses on the physical properties of sound waves produced during speech, analyzing and describing the acoustic characteristics of speech sounds

akustická fonetika, fonetika akustiky

a branch of phonetics that examines how speech sounds are perceived and processed by the human auditory system

auditivní fonetika, perceptivní fonetika

the study of language structures and features across different languages to identify similarities, differences, and historical relationships among them

srovnávací lingvistika, komparativní lingvistika

the interdisciplinary field that combines linguistics and computer science to develop algorithms, models, and technologies for the analysis, understanding, and generation of natural language by computers

výpočetní lingvistika, informatická lingvistika

the application of linguistic analysis and techniques to legal and criminal investigations, including the examination of language evidence to determine authorship, authenticity, and linguistic patterns in legal contexts

forenzní lingvistika, lingvistika v soudnictví

a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language in its cultural and social context, examining the relationship between language, culture, and society

antropologická lingvistika, lingvistika antropologie

the practice and study of compiling, editing, and writing dictionaries, focusing on the principles and methods of dictionary creation

lexikografie

the interdisciplinary field that investigates the relationship between language, culture, and society, focusing on how language influences and is influenced by the cultural practices, beliefs, and identities of different ethnic groups or communities

etnolingvistika

a linguistic discipline that investigates how language meaning is shaped by cognitive processes, such as perception, categorization, and conceptualization, emphasizing the interplay between language and human thought

kognitivní sémantika, kognitivní sémantika jazyka

the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of meaning in language, examining how words, signs, and other linguistic units acquire and convey meaning within a particular language or across languages

semasiologie

a branch of linguistics that examines the meaning of individual words and the relationships between them

lexikální sémantika, sémantika slov

the field of study that focuses on the structure, grammar, and usage of sign languages used by Deaf communities

lingvistika znakových jazyků, lingvistika znakové řeči

the interdisciplinary field that examines the relationship between language and society, investigating how social factors such as class, gender, ethnicity, and geographical location influence language variation, language change, and language use in different communities

sociolingvistika

the field of study that uses large collections of authentic texts to analyze language patterns, usage, and variation, employing quantitative and qualitative methods for empirical linguistic analysis

korpusová lingvistika, lingvistika korpusů

the field of study that classifies and compares languages based on their structural features, aiming to identify and categorize common patterns and variations across different languages worldwide

lingvistická typologie, klasifikace jazyků

an interdisciplinary field that examines the theory, practice, and processes of translating texts from one language to another, considering the linguistic, cultural, and social factors involved in the transfer of meaning between languages

studia překladu, překladatelské studium

a branch of linguistics that compares and analyzes the similarities and differences between two or more languages

kontrastivní lingvistika, srovnávací lingvistika

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with the sentences and the contexts in which they are used

pragmatika

the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of the sounds and sound patterns of language, including the analysis of phonemes, phonological rules, and the organization and systematic patterns of speech sounds within a particular language or languages

fonologie

the study of how language is processed, produced, and acquired in the human mind

psycholingvistika

the study of the relationship between language and the brain's structure and function

neurolingvistika

the branch of linguistics that studies the structure, organization, and rules governing the arrangement of words and phrases to form sentences in a language

syntax

a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language variation and change across geographic regions

geolingvistika

a subfield of linguistics that employs a methodological approach to investigate language in its broader social and cultural context, examining the structures, patterns, and functions of communication

analýza diskurzu, studium diskurzu

a subfield of linguistics that examines language as it exists at a specific moment in time, without considering its historical development or changes over time

synchronní lingvistika, synchronie lingvistiky

the study of fixed and conventionalized expressions, including idioms, collocations, and formulaic language, which play a significant role in language use and communication

frázeologie, studium frází

the study of the structural patterns and features of languages from a comparative perspective

syntaktická typologie, studium syntaktických struktur

a branch of linguistics that examines and categorizes the phonological systems and processes across different languages

fonologická typologie, klasifikace fonologie

a branch of linguistics that focuses on the categorization and comparison of semantic features and structures found in different languages

sémantická typologie, typologie významu

a subfield of linguistics that focuses on the study of language change over time and how it affects typological patterns

diachronní typologie, jazykovědná diachronní typologie

the study of how languages differ in terms of their lexical features, including word classes, derivational processes, and semantic categories

lexikální typologie, studium lexikální

the investigation of how languages vary in their use of pragmatic features and strategies, such as politeness, deixis, discourse structure, and speech acts, to achieve effective communication

pragmatická typologie, pragmatická klasifikace

the study of language, literature, and historical texts to understand their origins, development, and cultural context, encompassing areas such as linguistics, textual criticism, and literary analysis

filologie, jazykověda

a branch of phonology that specifically focuses on the study of the rules and patterns governing the arrangement of sounds within a language

fonotaktika