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C2级单词表 - 建筑学

在这里,您将学习专门为 C2 级学习者收集的谈论架构的所有基本词汇。

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
portico

a covered entrance or porch with columns, typically leading to the main entrance of a building and serving as a decorative architectural feature

门廊

门廊

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balustrade

a row of connected posts placed at the edge of a height such as stairway, balcony, etc. in order to protect people from falling

栏杆

栏杆

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mantelpiece

a shelf that is made of wood or stone and is above a fireplace

壁炉上方的壁龛

壁炉上方的壁龛

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eclecticism

a style or approach that combines various architectural influences, elements, or styles from different time periods or cultures to create a unique and diverse design

折衷主义(建筑风格)

折衷主义(建筑风格)

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atrium

a large area typically with glass walls or roof in the middle of a building such a shopping center

中庭(建筑)

中庭(建筑)

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vault

an architectural structure, often made of stone or concrete, that forms a curved or arched ceiling or roof, providing strength, support, and architectural beauty to a space

拱顶(建筑)

拱顶(建筑)

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facade

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

立面(建筑)

立面(建筑)

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gable

the upper part of a house wall in the shape of a triangle where it meets a sloping roof

山墙(建筑)

山墙(建筑)

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mezzanine

a floor situated between two other floors of a building, which is smaller compared to the two

夹层(建筑)

夹层(建筑)

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parapet

a low protective wall or railing built along the edge of a roof, balcony, bridge, or other elevated structure to prevent people from falling

女儿墙(建筑)

女儿墙(建筑)

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pergola

an outdoor structure with a framework of vertical posts and cross-beams, often covered with climbing plants for shade

凉棚(建筑)

凉棚(建筑)

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vestibule

a small entrance hall or lobby located just inside the main entrance of a building, serving as a transitional space between the exterior and the interior

前厅(建筑)

前厅(建筑)

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veranda

a roofed area with an open front at the ground level, which is attached to the side of a house

阳台(建筑)

阳台(建筑)

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alcove

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

墙壁的凹进部分

墙壁的凹进部分

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nook

a small, cozy corner created where two walls meet

墙角

墙角

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tympanum

the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs

鼓室(建筑)

鼓室(建筑)

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volute

a spiral or scroll-like architectural ornament, typically found at the top of a column capital, staircase railing, or decorative molding

柱头螺旋形设计

柱头螺旋形设计

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spandrel

the triangular or curved space between an arch and the surrounding vertical supports, typically filled with decorative elements or panels

拱肩

拱肩

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quatrefoil

a decorative element or motif consisting of four overlapping circles or lobes that form a symmetrical shape resembling a four-leaf clover

四叶形(建筑)

四叶形(建筑)

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pediment

the triangular upper portion of the entrance of a building, often seen in buildings with Classical architecture

古建筑大门上方的三角形结构

古建筑大门上方的三角形结构

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niche

a hollow space in a wall, used for putting in decorative objects such a statue

利基(建筑)

利基(建筑)

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quoin

the corner angle of a building, typically formed by masonry blocks or stones

建筑物的角

建筑物的角

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keystone

a stone located at the top center of an arch, keeping all the other stones together

皇冠石(建筑)

皇冠石(建筑)

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entablature

the horizontal, decorative element that rests on top of columns or pillars in architecture

柱子上方的装饰图案和雕刻

柱子上方的装饰图案和雕刻

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gargoyle

stone figures that resemble a hideous creature and that are attached to the top of some old buildings, particularly old churches, for carrying rain water off the roof

石像鬼(建筑)

石像鬼(建筑)

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abacus

a flat, stone block that sits on top of a column, used to support the parts above it such as a roof

石头结构放置在柱子的顶部

石头结构放置在柱子的顶部

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rib vault

an architectural feature that consists of a series of arched ribs or arches that intersect to form a structural framework supporting a vaulted ceiling

带有交叉石肋的拱形天花板

带有交叉石肋的拱形天花板

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loggia

a room or gallery that is open in one or more sides, particularly one that is attached to a house and faces a garden on one side

有盖走廊(建筑物外)

有盖走廊(建筑物外)

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hypostyle

a large hall with a roof supported by many columns

由大量柱子支撑的屋顶

由大量柱子支撑的屋顶

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buttress

a protruding structure that supports a building or wall and is made out of bricks or stones

扶壁(建筑)

扶壁(建筑)

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