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C2级单词表 - Architecture

在这里,您将学习专门为 C2 级学习者收集的谈论架构的所有基本词汇。

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
portico
[名词]

a covered entrance or porch with columns, typically leading to the main entrance of a building and serving as a decorative architectural feature

门廊, 柱廊

门廊, 柱廊

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balustrade
[名词]

a row of connected posts placed at the edge of a height such as stairway, balcony, etc. in order to protect people from falling

栏杆, 护栏

栏杆, 护栏

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mantelpiece
[名词]

a shelf that is made of wood or stone and is above a fireplace

壁炉架, 壁炉 mantel

壁炉架, 壁炉 mantel

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eclecticism
[名词]

a style or approach that combines various architectural influences, elements, or styles from different time periods or cultures to create a unique and diverse design

折衷主义, 兼收并蓄

折衷主义, 兼收并蓄

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atrium
[名词]

a large area typically with glass walls or roof in the middle of a building such a shopping center

中庭, 天井

中庭, 天井

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vault
[名词]

an architectural structure, often made of stone or concrete, that forms a curved or arched ceiling or roof, providing strength, support, and architectural beauty to a space

拱顶, 穹顶

拱顶, 穹顶

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facade
[名词]

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

外立面, 建筑正面

外立面, 建筑正面

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gable
[名词]

the upper part of a house wall in the shape of a triangle where it meets a sloping roof

山墙, 三角墙

山墙, 三角墙

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mezzanine
[名词]

a floor situated between two other floors of a building, which is smaller compared to the two

夹层, 中层

夹层, 中层

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parapet
[名词]

a low protective wall or railing built along the edge of a roof, balcony, bridge, or other elevated structure to prevent people from falling

护墙, 挡墙

护墙, 挡墙

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pergola
[名词]

an outdoor structure with a framework of vertical posts and cross-beams, often covered with climbing plants for shade

凉亭, 花架

凉亭, 花架

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vestibule
[名词]

a small entrance hall or lobby located just inside the main entrance of a building, serving as a transitional space between the exterior and the interior

门廊, 前厅

门廊, 前厅

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veranda
[名词]

a roofed area with an open front at the ground level, which is attached to the side of a house

阳台, 走廊

阳台, 走廊

Ex: The farmhouse had a veranda with a porch swing , providing a serene setting for watching the sunset .
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alcove
[名词]

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

凹室, 壁龛

凹室, 壁龛

Ex: The art gallery had a alcove dedicated to showcasing sculptures , illuminated by soft overhead lighting .
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nook
[名词]

a small, cozy corner created where two walls meet

角落, 小憩区

角落, 小憩区

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tympanum
[名词]

the semi-circular or triangular space enclosed by the lintel and arch above a doorway, often decorated with sculptural reliefs or intricate designs

门楣拱顶, 三角楣

门楣拱顶, 三角楣

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volute
[名词]

a spiral or scroll-like architectural ornament, typically found at the top of a column capital, staircase railing, or decorative molding

涡卷, 螺旋装饰

涡卷, 螺旋装饰

Ex: The Renaissance palace 's staircase was flanked by marble balustrades adorned with volutes, showcasing the craftsmanship of the era .
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spandrel
[名词]

the triangular or curved space between an arch and the surrounding vertical supports, typically filled with decorative elements or panels

拱圈三角形面, 拱脚三角形

拱圈三角形面, 拱脚三角形

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quatrefoil
[名词]

a decorative element or motif consisting of four overlapping circles or lobes that form a symmetrical shape resembling a four-leaf clover

四叶草形状装饰, 四瓣形装饰

四叶草形状装饰, 四瓣形装饰

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pediment
[名词]

the triangular upper portion of the entrance of a building, often seen in buildings with Classical architecture

山花, 三角墙

山花, 三角墙

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niche
[名词]

a hollow space in a wall, used for putting in decorative objects such a statue, or other decorative items

壁龛, 小凹槽

壁龛, 小凹槽

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quoin
[名词]

the corner angle of a building, typically formed by masonry blocks or stones

墙角石, 角砖

墙角石, 角砖

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keystone
[名词]

a stone located at the top center of an arch, keeping all the other stones together

拱心石, 顶石

拱心石, 顶石

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entablature
[名词]

the horizontal, decorative element that rests on top of columns or pillars in architecture

横梁装饰, 柱头饰带

横梁装饰, 柱头饰带

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gargoyle
[名词]

stone figures that resemble a hideous creature and that are attached to the top of some old buildings, particularly old churches, for carrying rain water off the roof

石像鬼, 滴水嘴

石像鬼, 滴水嘴

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abacus
[名词]

a flat, stone block that sits on top of a column, used to support the parts above it such as a roof

柱头石, 石顶

柱头石, 石顶

Ex: abacus serves as a transition element between the column and the entablature , providing structural support while also adding visual interest to the overall composition .
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rib vault
[名词]

an architectural feature that consists of a series of arched ribs or arches that intersect to form a structural framework supporting a vaulted ceiling

肋拱顶, 肋骨拱顶

肋拱顶, 肋骨拱顶

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loggia
[名词]

a room or gallery that is open in one or more sides, particularly one that is attached to a house and faces a garden on one side

走廊, 凉廊

走廊, 凉廊

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hypostyle
[名词]

a large hall with a roof supported by many columns

柱廊, 柱式大厅

柱廊, 柱式大厅

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buttress
[名词]

a protruding structure that supports a building or wall and is made out of bricks or stones

扶壁, 支撑

扶壁, 支撑

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C2级单词表
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