登录
a manuscript that was written on, erased, and written on again and again, while the previous text was still partially visible
重写本, 多次书写的文稿
(in medieval times) a young boy serving as an attendant to a knight, beginning training for knighthood
a system of writing using symbols or pictures, originally used by the ancient Egyptians
象形文字, 埃及象形文字
a large medieval Mediterranean vessel, typically with a single deck, propelled by sails and oars, armed at bow and stern, and manned by up to 1,000 men, used for war and trade
a period in Western Europe (1871-1914) marked by peace, optimism, and cultural growth
美好时代是欧洲文化繁荣和乐观主义的一个时期，其特点是经济繁荣、技术创新和艺术创新。
the defining spirit or mood of a particular period in history, reflecting the ideas and beliefs of the time
时代精神, 时代氛围
the lineage or ancestry of a person, tracing their familial relationships and connections through multiple generations
家谱学
an object or part of an object surviving from the past, typically with historical or emotional value, often linked to a person, event, or era
遗物, 遗迹
the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous
古代, antiquity时期
a medieval military expedition by European Christians to reclaim or defend Christian territories in the Holy Land
十字军东征
the process by which colonies or territories gain independence from colonial rule
非殖民化, 非殖民化的过程
a person belonging to a people or group regarded as uncivilized, foreign, or outside the dominant culture
the king or emperor of Russia prior to 1917
沙皇, 沙皇
to record a series of historical events in a detailed way by a chronological order
记录, 编年
the political structure during a period in the history of the UK between 1649 and 1660, called the interregnum, during which the country was ruled without a king or queen
英联邦, 共和国
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