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Vocabulary for IELTS General Training (Band 8-9) - Shopping

Here, you will learn some English words related to Shopping that are necessary for the General Training IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (8-9)
futures contract

an agreement to buy or sell goods or assets at a predetermined price but delivered and paid for at a later time

Ex: Farmers often use a futures contract to lock in a price for their crops ahead of the harvest, protecting themselves against price fluctuations in the market. 
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deal-of-the-day

a limited-time discount or promotion that allows merchants to sell a large number of products at a significant discount

Ex: The e-commerce website launched a deal-of-the-day promotion, offering significant discounts on a different product each day to drive sales and customer engagement. 
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merchant
merchant
[noun]

someone who buys and sells goods wholesale

Ex: The merchant traveled across the seas to trade spices and silk with distant lands. 
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markup
markup
[noun]

the amount added to the price of something to cover overheads and profit

Ex: The boutique applied a 50% markup to all its clothing items to cover operational costs and ensure a healthy profit margin. 
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BOGOF
BOGOF
[noun]

a sales promotion where customers receive an additional product at no extra cost when purchasing one

Ex: The store's BOGOF on all summer clothing attracted a lot of customers looking for a good deal. 
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knockoff
knockoff
[noun]

a less expensive and unauthorized copy of something popular

Ex: The market was flooded with knockoffs of popular designer handbags, much to the dismay of luxury brands. 
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loyalty card

a card given by a business to customers as a reward for their repeat purchases, which can be used to earn discounts on future purchases

Ex: The supermarket introduced a loyalty card program, allowing customers to earn points on their purchases and redeem them for discounts or free products. 
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layaway
layaway
[noun]

a purchasing contract by which a retailer agrees to hold merchandise secured by a deposit until the price is paid in full by the customer

Ex: The furniture store offers a layaway plan, allowing customers to reserve a sofa or bed and pay for it gradually over several months. 
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token
token
[noun]

a piece of paper or a disc of metal or plastic used instead of money as a form of payment or to operate some machines

Ex: At the arcade, players use tokens to play the various games, which can be purchased from a token machine at the entrance. 
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best-before date

the date until which a product is expected to remain at its optimal quality, but it may still be consumed after this date

Ex: When shopping for groceries, always check the best-before date to ensure the food is still fresh and safe to consume. 
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cash and carry

a type of retail model where customers pay for goods upfront and transport them from the store themselves

Ex: The small restaurant owner prefers to shop at a cash and carry wholesale store to buy ingredients in bulk at lower prices without the need for delivery services. 
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click and collect

a retail service where customers order products online and pick them up in-store or at a specified location

Ex: During the busy holiday season, many shoppers prefer the convenience of click and collect, allowing them to order gifts online and pick them up in-store at their convenience. 
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retailer
retailer
[noun]

a store, person, or business that sells goods to the public for their own use, not for resale

Ex: The retailer sells a variety of products, including clothing, electronics, and household goods. 
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to outspend

to spend more money than somebody else

Ex: The billionaire was able to outspend all other bidders at the charity auction, securing the rare artwork for his collection 
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to undercut

to demand a lower price than one's rivals

Ex: In a competitive market, businesses may undercut their rivals to attract price-sensitive customers. 
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to splurge

to spend a lot of money on something trivial that one does not really need

Ex: On special occasions, individuals often splurge on gifts or experiences. 
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to haggle
to haggle
[Verb]

to negotiate, typically over the price of goods or services

Ex: I don’t like to haggle; I prefer paying the price listed. 
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to outbid
to outbid
[Verb]

to offer a higher price than someone else especially in an auction

Ex: At the auction, Sarah was determined to outbid everyone else for the vintage painting, eventually winning it with the highest offer. 
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to shortchange

to cheat someone by giving back less money than owed

Ex: The cashier shortchanged me by a few dollars. 
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to upsell
to upsell
[Verb]

to encourage a customer to buy a more expensive or upgraded version of a product or service, or to add additional items to their purchase

Ex: When buying a new smartphone, the salesperson may attempt to upsell by suggesting a higher-tier model with additional features. 
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back order

a situation where a product is temporarily out of stock but can be ordered for future delivery

Ex: My phone case is on back order, so I'll have to wait a bit longer. 
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