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المفردات المتقدمة للاختبار TOEFL - Architecture

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية حول الهندسة المعمارية، مثل "erect"، "renovate"، "lumber"، وما إلى ذلك، اللازمة لامتحان TOEFL.

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اختبار قصير

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
architecture

the study or art of building and designing houses

الهندسة المعمارية

الهندسة المعمارية

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[اسم]
architectural

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

معماري, معمارية

معماري, معمارية

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[صفة]
cement

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

اسمنت

اسمنت

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[اسم]
lumber

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

خشب, أخشاب

خشب, أخشاب

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[اسم]
mortar

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

مونة, ملاط

مونة, ملاط

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[اسم]
plaster

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

جبس, مادة لاصقة

جبس, مادة لاصقة

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[اسم]
beam

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

عارضة, دعامة

عارضة, دعامة

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[اسم]
scaffolding

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

سقالة

سقالة

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[اسم]
to reinforce

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

تعزيز, تقوية

تعزيز, تقوية

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[فعل]
to renovate

to make a building or a place look good again by repairing or painting it

تجديد, ترميم

تجديد, ترميم

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[فعل]
foundation

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

أساس, قاعدة

أساس, قاعدة

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[اسم]
to erect

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

يُقيم, يبني

يُقيم, يبني

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[فعل]
blueprint

a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

خطة مفصلة, تصميم تقني

خطة مفصلة, تصميم تقني

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[اسم]
to crumble

(of a building) to fall apart

يتهدم, ينهار

يتهدم, ينهار

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[فعل]
to demolish

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

تدمير, هدم

تدمير, هدم

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[فعل]
wrecking ball

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

كرة هدم, كرة تدميرية

كرة هدم, كرة تدميرية

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[اسم]
bulldozer

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

جرافة, جرافة

جرافة, جرافة

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[اسم]
facade

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

واجهه, واجهة مبنى

واجهه, واجهة مبنى

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[اسم]
masonry

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

حرفية البناء, فن البناء

حرفية البناء, فن البناء

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[اسم]
arch

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

قوس, قوس معمارى

قوس, قوس معمارى

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[اسم]
penthouse

an apartment on top of a tall building

شقة في الطابق العلوي, بنتهاوس

شقة في الطابق العلوي, بنتهاوس

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[اسم]
dome

a building's roof that is rounded

قبة

قبة

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[اسم]
chamber

a private room that is mostly used as bedroom

غرفة, حجرة خاصة

غرفة, حجرة خاصة

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[اسم]
terrace

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

تراس, منصة

تراس, منصة

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[اسم]
cabana

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

كابانا, أكواخ

كابانا, أكواخ

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[اسم]
gazebo

a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden

جناح, كشك

جناح, كشك

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[اسم]
condominium

any of the apartments in a condominium

شقة في عمارة, كوندو

شقة في عمارة, كوندو

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[اسم]
arcade

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

أركيد, ممر مغطى

أركيد, ممر مغطى

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[اسم]
auditorium

a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.

قاعة, مدرج

قاعة, مدرج

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[اسم]
amphitheater

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

مدرج

مدرج

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[اسم]
high-rise

(of buildings) having many floors

عالي الارتفاع, عمارة شاهقة

عالي الارتفاع, عمارة شاهقة

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[صفة]
Gothic

(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone

قوطي

قوطي

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[صفة]
Baroque

of characteristics of a highly ornate and detailed style in European art, architecture, or music from the 17th to early 18th century

باروك

باروك

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[صفة]
colonial

reflecting the architectural or decorative style that was common in America during the 18th century, particularly the period it was under British rule

استعماري, على الطراز الاستعماري

استعماري, على الطراز الاستعماري

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[صفة]
Victorian

denoting or relating to Queen Victoria or her reign from 1837 to 1901

فيكتوري, من عصر الملكة فيكتوريا

فيكتوري, من عصر الملكة فيكتوريا

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[صفة]
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