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Vocabolario Avanzato per il TOEFL - Architettura

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sull'architettura, come "erigere", "rinnovare", "legname", ecc. che sono necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
architecture
architecture
[sostantivo]

the study or art of building and designing houses

architettura

architettura

Ex: She was drawn to architecture because of its unique blend of creativity, technical skill, and problem-solving in the built environment. 

È stata attratta dall'architettura per il suo mix unico di creatività, abilità tecnica e problem solving nell'ambiente costruito.

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architectural
architectural
[aggettivo]

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

architettonico

architettonico

Ex: The architectural style of the cathedral reflects the cultural influences of the region's history. 

Lo stile architettonico della cattedrale riflette le influenze culturali della storia della regione.

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cement
cement
[sostantivo]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

cemento

cemento

Ex: She smoothed the wet cement with a trowel, carefully shaping it into the desired form for the garden path. 

Ha lisciato il cemento bagnato con una cazzuola, modellandolo attentamente nella forma desiderata per il sentiero del giardino.

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lumber
lumber
[sostantivo]

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

legname

legname

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mortar
mortar
[sostantivo]

a mixture, typically of sand, lime, or cement, used to bond masonry units together or to coat walls

malta

malta

Ex: Workers smoothed the mortar over the stone surface. 

I lavoratori hanno lisciato la malta sulla superficie di pietra.

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plaster
plaster
[sostantivo]

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

intonaco

intonaco

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beam
beam
[sostantivo]

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

trave

trave

Ex: The architect designed the modern office space with exposed ceiling beams, giving it an industrial-chic aesthetic. 

L'architetto ha progettato lo spazio ufficio moderno con travi del soffitto a vista, conferendogli un'estetica industrial-chic.

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scaffolding
scaffolding
[sostantivo]

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

impalcatura

impalcatura

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to reinforce

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

rafforzare

rafforzare

Ex: In preparation for the storm, residents reinforced their windows with protective shutters. 

In preparazione alla tempesta, i residenti hanno rinforzato le loro finestre con persiane protettive.

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to renovate

to make a building or a place look good again by repairing or painting it

rinnovare

rinnovare

Ex: The hotel management chose to renovate the lobby, giving it a modern and welcoming atmosphere. 

La direzione dell'hotel ha scelto di rinnovare la hall, donandole un'atmosfera moderna e accogliente.

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foundation
foundation
[sostantivo]

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

fondamenta

fondamenta

Ex: The architect designed the house with a raised foundation to mitigate the risk of flooding in the coastal area. 
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to erect
to erect
[Verbo]

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

erigere

erigere

Ex: The company planned to erect a solar power plant to harness clean energy for the community. 

L'azienda aveva pianificato di costruire una centrale solare per sfruttare l'energia pulita per la comunità.

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blueprint
blueprint
[sostantivo]

a detailed technical or architectural plan showing dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

progetto

progetto

Ex: The blueprint included every electrical and plumbing detail. 

Il progetto includeva ogni dettaglio elettrico e idraulico.

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to crumble
to crumble
[Verbo]

(of a building) to fall apart

sbriciolare

sbriciolare

Ex: Without proper maintenance, the concrete parking garage began to crumble, posing a safety hazard to vehicles below. 

Senza una corretta manutenzione, il parcheggio in cemento ha iniziato a sgretolarsi, rappresentando un pericolo per i veicoli sottostanti.

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to demolish

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

demolire

demolire

Ex: The construction crew will demolish the existing walls before rebuilding. 

La squadra di costruzione demolirà i muri esistenti prima di ricostruire.

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wrecking ball
wrecking ball
[sostantivo]

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

palla da demolizione

palla da demolizione

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bulldozer
bulldozer
[sostantivo]

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

bulldozer

bulldozer

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facade
facade
[sostantivo]

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

facciata

facciata

Ex: The urban neighborhood was characterized by its colorful row houses, each with a unique facade adorned with decorative trim and window boxes. 

Il quartiere urbano era caratterizzato dalle sue colorate case a schiera, ognuna con una facciata unica adornata con decorazioni e fioriere.

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masonry
masonry
[sostantivo]

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

muratura

muratura

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arch
arch
[sostantivo]

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

arco

arco

Ex: The cathedral's stained glass windows were framed by intricate stone arches, showcasing impressive Gothic architecture. 

Le vetrate colorate della cattedrale erano incorniciate da intricati archi in pietra, che mostravano un'impressionante architettura gotica.

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penthouse
penthouse
[sostantivo]

an apartment on top of a tall building

attico

attico

Ex: They stayed in a penthouse suite during their vacation, enjoying unparalleled luxury. 

Sono rimasti in una suite penthouse durante le loro vacanze, godendosi un lusso senza pari.

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dome
dome
[sostantivo]

a building's roof that is rounded

cupola

cupola

Ex: The museum's rotunda was capped with a soaring dome, creating an impressive architectural focal point. 

La rotonda del museo era sormontata da un cupola slanciata, creando un impressionante punto focale architettonico.

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chamber
chamber
[sostantivo]

a private room that is mostly used as bedroom

camera

camera

Ex: Guests were forbidden from entering the royal chamber without permission. 

Agli ospiti era vietato entrare nella camera reale senza permesso.

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terrace
terrace
[sostantivo]

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

terrazza

terrazza

Ex: She enjoyed reading on the sunny terrace. 

Le piaceva leggere sulla terrazza soleggiata.

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cabana
cabana
[sostantivo]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

Cabana

Cabana

Ex: As the sun began to set, they lit candles in the cabana, transforming it into a romantic oasis by the sea. 

Mentre il sole cominciava a tramontare, accesero candele nella cabana, trasformandola in un'oasi romantica sul mare.

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gazebo
gazebo
[sostantivo]

a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden

gazebo

gazebo

Ex: The new gazebo in the backyard became the perfect spot for evening tea and watching the sunset. 

Il nuovo gazebo nel giardino è diventato il posto perfetto per il tè serale e per guardare il tramonto.

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condominium
condominium
[sostantivo]

a single dwelling unit within a condominium complex

condominio

condominio

Ex: The condominium was recently renovated. 

Il condominio è stato recentemente rinnovato.

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arcade
arcade
[sostantivo]

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

galleria

galleria

Ex: The historic arcade, with its elegant arches and cobblestone floor, remains a favorite spot for tourists to explore the city’s rich architectural heritage. 

L'arcata storica, con i suoi eleganti archi e il pavimento in ciottoli, rimane un luogo preferito dai turisti per esplorare il ricco patrimonio architettonico della città.

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auditorium
auditorium
[sostantivo]

a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.

Auditorium

Auditorium

Ex: The theater's auditorium was designed to enhance acoustics for live performances. 

L'auditorium del teatro è stato progettato per migliorare l'acustica per le esibizioni dal vivo.

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amphitheater
amphitheater
[sostantivo]

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

anfiteatro

anfiteatro

Ex: Visitors could explore the remnants of the old amphitheater during their tour of the ancient city. 

I visitatori potevano esplorare i resti del vecchio anfiteatro durante il loro tour della città antica.

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high-rise
high-rise
[aggettivo]

(of buildings) having many floors

palazzo

palazzo

Ex: The company relocated its headquarters to a high-rise tower for better visibility. 

L'azienda ha trasferito la sua sede in un grattacielo a molti piani per una migliore visibilità.

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Gothic
Gothic
[aggettivo]

(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone

Gotico

Gotico

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Baroque
Baroque
[aggettivo]

relating to the highly ornate and expressive style of European art, architecture, and music that flourished from about 1600 to 1750

Barocco

Barocco

Ex: Tourists admired the Baroque architecture of Prague's old town. 

I turisti hanno ammirato l'architettura barocca della città vecchia di Praga.

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colonial
colonial
[aggettivo]

reflecting the style of architecture or decoration typical in 18th-century America under British influence

coloniale

coloniale

Ex: Colonial architecture emphasizes proportion and balance. 

L'architettura coloniale enfatizza proporzione ed equilibrio.

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Victorian
Victorian
[aggettivo]

denoting or relating to Queen Victoria or her reign from 1837 to 1901

Vittoriano

Vittoriano

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