Vocabulaire Avancé pour le TOEFL - Architecture

the study or art of building and designing houses

architecture

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

architectural

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

ciment

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

bois

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

mortier

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

plâtre

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

poutre

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

échafaudage

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

renforcer

to make a building or a place look good again by repairing or painting it

rénover, remettre à neuf

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

fondations

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

construire, bâtir

a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

plan, bleu

(of a building) to fall apart

s'effondrer, tomber en ruines

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

démolir, détruire, abattre

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

boulet de démolition

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

bulldozer

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

façade

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

maçonnerie

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

arche

an apartment on top of a tall building

appartement-terrasse

a building's roof that is rounded

dôme

a private room that is mostly used as bedroom

chambre

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

terrasse

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

cabane

a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden

belvédère

any of the apartments in a condominium

appartement (en copropriété)

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

galerie, arcade

a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.

amphithéâtre, auditorium

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

amphithéâtre

(of buildings) having many floors

de plusieurs étages

(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone

gothique

of characteristics of a highly ornate and detailed style in European art, architecture, or music from the 17th to early 18th century

baroque

reflecting the architectural or decorative style that was common in America during the 18th century, particularly the period it was under British rule

colonial

denoting or relating to Queen Victoria or her reign from 1837 to 1901

victorien