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托福高级词汇 - 建筑学

在这里你将学习托福考试所需的一些关于建筑的英语单词,例如“erect”、“renovate”、“lumber”等。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
architecture

the study or art of building and designing houses

建筑

建筑

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architectural

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

建筑学

建筑学

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cement

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

水泥

水泥

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lumber

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

木料

木料

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mortar

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

砂浆

砂浆

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plaster

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

石膏

石膏

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beam

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

梁

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scaffolding

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

脚手架

脚手架

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to reinforce

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

加强

加强

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to renovate

to make a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

修复

修复

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foundation

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

基础

基础

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to erect

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

直立

直立

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blueprint

a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

蓝图

蓝图

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to crumble

(of a building) to fall apart

崩溃

崩溃

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to demolish

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

拆除

拆除

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wrecking ball

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

破碎球

破碎球

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bulldozer

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

推土机

推土机

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facade

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

立面(建筑)

立面(建筑)

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masonry

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

石工

石工

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arch

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

弧形结构

弧形结构

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penthouse

an apartment on top of a tall building

顶层公寓

顶层公寓

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dome

a building's roof that is rounded

拱顶

拱顶

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chamber

a private room that is mostly used as bedroom

房间

房间

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terrace

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

阳台

阳台

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cabana

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

小屋

小屋

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gazebo

a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden

凉亭

凉亭

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condominium

any of the apartments in a condominium

公寓

公寓

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arcade

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

拱廊

拱廊

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auditorium

a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.

礼堂

礼堂

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amphitheater

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

露天剧场

露天剧场

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high-rise

(of buildings) having many floors

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Gothic

(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone

哥特

哥特

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Baroque

of characteristics of a highly ornate and detailed style in European art, architecture, or music from the 17th to early 18th century

巴洛克风格

巴洛克风格

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colonial

reflecting the architectural or decorative style that was common in America during the 18th century, particularly the period it was under British rule

殖民

殖民

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Victorian

denoting or relating to Queen Victoria or her reign from 1837 to 1901

维多利亚时代

维多利亚时代

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