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TOEFL のための上級語彙 - Architecture
ここでは、TOEFL試験に必要な「建てる」、「改装する」、「材木」などの建築に関するいくつかの英単語を学びます。
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the study or art of building and designing houses
建築
relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building
建築の, 建築学的な
a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together
セメント
a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building
モルタル, セメント
a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface
漆喰, プラスター
a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building
梁, ビーム
a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building
足場, 足場構造
to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it
強化する, 補強する
to make a building or a place look good again by repairing or painting it
改装する, 修復する
a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building
基礎, 土台
to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position
建てる, 建設する
a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production
詳細な計画, 技術設計
(of a building) to fall apart
崩れる, 崩壊する
to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure
取り壊す, 破壊する
a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it
破壊球, クレーンから吊り下げられた重い金属の球
a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth
ブルドーザー, 地ならし機
the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance
ファサード
the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures
石工
a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings
アーチ, 穹窿
an apartment on top of a tall building
ペントハウス, 高層ビルの最上階にある豪華なアパート
a building's roof that is rounded
ドーム, 円蓋
a private room that is mostly used as bedroom
部屋, 寝室
a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.
テラス, バルコニー
a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach
キャビン, 小屋
a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden
ガゼボ, 東屋
an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings
アーケード, アーチ型の通路
a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.
講堂, コンサートホール
an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama
円形劇場, アリーナ
(of buildings) having many floors
高層の, 高層ビルの
(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone
ゴシック, ゴシック様式の
of characteristics of a highly ornate and detailed style in European art, architecture, or music from the 17th to early 18th century
バロック
reflecting the architectural or decorative style that was common in America during the 18th century, particularly the period it was under British rule
植民地の
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