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TOEFL のための上級語彙 - Architecture

TOEFL試験に必要な「erect」「renovate」「lumber」など建築に関する英単語を学びます。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
architecture

the study or art of building and designing houses

建築

建築

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[名詞]
architectural

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

建築の

建築の

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[形容詞]
cement

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

セメント

セメント

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[名詞]
lumber

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

木材

木材

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[名詞]
mortar

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

モルタル

モルタル

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[名詞]
plaster

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

プラスター

プラスター

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[名詞]
beam

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

梁

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[名詞]
scaffolding

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

足場

足場

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[名詞]
to reinforce

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

強化する

強化する

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[動詞]
to renovate

to make a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

リノベーションする

リノベーションする

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[動詞]
foundation

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

基礎

基礎

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[名詞]
to erect

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

建てる

建てる

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[動詞]
blueprint

a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

詳細な計画

詳細な計画

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[名詞]
to crumble

(of a building) to fall apart

崩れる

崩れる

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[動詞]
to demolish

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

解体する

解体する

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[動詞]
wrecking ball

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

解体用ボール

解体用ボール

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[名詞]
bulldozer

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

ブルドーザー

ブルドーザー

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[名詞]
facade

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

ファサード

ファサード

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[名詞]
masonry

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

石工技術

石工技術

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[名詞]
arch

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

アーチ

アーチ

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[名詞]
penthouse

an apartment on top of a tall building

ペントハウス

ペントハウス

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[名詞]
dome

a building's roof that is rounded

ドーム

ドーム

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[名詞]
chamber

a private room that is mostly used as bedroom

部屋

部屋

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[名詞]
terrace

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

テラス

テラス

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[名詞]
cabana

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

カバナ

カバナ

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[名詞]
gazebo

a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden

ガゼボ

ガゼボ

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[名詞]
condominium

any of the apartments in a condominium

コンドミニアムのアパート

コンドミニアムのアパート

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[名詞]
arcade

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

アーケード

アーケード

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[名詞]
auditorium

a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.

オーディトリアム

オーディトリアム

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[名詞]
amphitheater

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

円形劇場

円形劇場

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[名詞]
high-rise

(of buildings) having many floors

高層の

高層の

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[形容詞]
Gothic

(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone

ゴシック

ゴシック

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[形容詞]
Baroque

of characteristics of a highly ornate and detailed style in European art, architecture, or music from the 17th to early 18th century

バロック

バロック

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[形容詞]
colonial

reflecting the architectural or decorative style that was common in America during the 18th century, particularly the period it was under British rule

植民地の

植民地の

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[形容詞]
Victorian

denoting or relating to Queen Victoria or her reign from 1837 to 1901

ビクトリア朝の

ビクトリア朝の

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[形容詞]
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