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Pokročilá Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Architecture

Zde se dozvíte některá anglická slovíčka o architektuře, jako je „erect“, „renovate“, „lumber“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
architecture
[Podstatné jméno]

the study or art of building and designing houses

architektura, projektování

architektura, projektování

Ex: She was drawn architecture because of its unique blend of creativity , technical skill , and problem-solving in the built environment .
architectural
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

architektonický, stavební

architektonický, stavební

Ex: The architectural style of the cathedral reflects the cultural influences of the region's history.
cement
[Podstatné jméno]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

cement, malt

cement, malt

Ex: She smoothed the cement with a trowel , carefully shaping it into the desired form for the garden path .
lumber
[Podstatné jméno]

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

dřevo, prkno

dřevo, prkno

mortar
[Podstatné jméno]

a substance that is a mixture of sand, cement, and water, used for fixing bricks and stones in a building

malta, maltová směs

malta, maltová směs

plaster
[Podstatné jméno]

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

omítka, sádra

omítka, sádra

beam
[Podstatné jméno]

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

nosník, trám

nosník, trám

Ex: The architect designed the modern office space with exposed beams, giving it an industrial-chic aesthetic .
scaffolding
[Podstatné jméno]

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

lešení, scaffolding

lešení, scaffolding

to reinforce
[sloveso]

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

zesílit, vyztužit

zesílit, vyztužit

Ex: In preparation for the storm , reinforced their windows with protective shutters .
to renovate
[sloveso]

to make a building or a place look good again by repairing or painting it

renovovat, opravit

renovovat, opravit

Ex: The hotel management chose renovate the lobby , giving it a modern and welcoming atmosphere .
foundation
[Podstatné jméno]

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

základ, podklad

základ, podklad

Ex: The architect designed the house with a foundation to mitigate the risk of flooding in the coastal area .
to erect
[sloveso]

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

vystavět, postavit

vystavět, postavit

Ex: The company planned erect a solar power plant to harness clean energy for the community .
blueprint
[Podstatné jméno]

a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

plán, projekt

plán, projekt

Ex: blueprint included diagrams and annotations for plumbing and electrical systems .
to crumble
[sloveso]

(of a building) to fall apart

rozpadnout se, hroutit se

rozpadnout se, hroutit se

Ex: Without proper maintenance , the concrete parking garage began crumble, posing a safety hazard to vehicles below .
to demolish
[sloveso]

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

zbourat, demolovat

zbourat, demolovat

Ex: The construction crew demolish the existing walls before rebuilding .
wrecking ball
[Podstatné jméno]

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

bourací koule, demoliční koule

bourací koule, demoliční koule

bulldozer
[Podstatné jméno]

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

buldozer, rypadlo

buldozer, rypadlo

facade
[Podstatné jméno]

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

fascie, přední strana budovy

fascie, přední strana budovy

Ex: The urban neighborhood was characterized by its colorful row houses , each with a facade adorned with decorative trim and window boxes .
masonry
[Podstatné jméno]

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

zdivo, zednictví

zdivo, zednictví

arch
[Podstatné jméno]

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

oblouk, klenba

oblouk, klenba

Ex: The cathedral 's stained glass windows were framed by intricate arches, showcasing impressive Gothic architecture .
penthouse
[Podstatné jméno]

an apartment on top of a tall building

střešní byt, penthaus

střešní byt, penthaus

Ex: They stayed in penthouse suite during their vacation , enjoying unparalleled luxury .
dome
[Podstatné jméno]

a building's roof that is rounded

kupole, domovní hřbitov

kupole, domovní hřbitov

Ex: The museum 's rotunda was capped with a dome, creating an impressive architectural focal point .
chamber
[Podstatné jméno]

a private room that is mostly used as bedroom

komnata, pokoj

komnata, pokoj

Ex: Guests were forbidden from entering the chamber without permission .
terrace
[Podstatné jméno]

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

teras, terasa

teras, terasa

Ex: She enjoyed reading on the terrace.
cabana
[Podstatné jméno]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

brouzdaliště, chatka

brouzdaliště, chatka

Ex: As the sun began to set , they lit candles in cabana, transforming it into a romantic oasis by the sea .
gazebo
[Podstatné jméno]

a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden

altán, pergola

altán, pergola

Ex: The gazebo in the backyard became the perfect spot for evening tea and watching the sunset .
condominium
[Podstatné jméno]

any of the apartments in a condominium

byt v kondominiu, kondominijní byt

byt v kondominiu, kondominijní byt

arcade
[Podstatné jméno]

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

arkáda, polokružná chodba

arkáda, polokružná chodba

Ex: The arcade, with its elegant arches and cobblestone floor , remains a favorite spot for tourists to explore the city ’s rich architectural heritage .
auditorium
[Podstatné jméno]

a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.

auditorium, hlediště

auditorium, hlediště

Ex: The theaterauditorium was designed to enhance acoustics for live performances .
amphitheater
[Podstatné jméno]

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

amfiteátr, amfiteátr (kulturní stavba)

amfiteátr, amfiteátr (kulturní stavba)

Ex: Visitors could explore the remnants of the amphitheater during their tour of the ancient city .
high-rise
[Přídavné jméno]

(of buildings) having many floors

vysokopodlažní, výškový

vysokopodlažní, výškový

Ex: The company relocated its headquarters to a high-rise tower for better visibility.
Gothic
[Přídavné jméno]

(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone

gotický, gothický

gotický, gothický

Baroque
[Přídavné jméno]

of characteristics of a highly ornate and detailed style in European art, architecture, or music from the 17th to early 18th century

barokní, barokový

barokní, barokový

colonial
[Přídavné jméno]

reflecting the architectural or decorative style that was common in America during the 18th century, particularly the period it was under British rule

koloniální, kolonialistní

koloniální, kolonialistní

Ex: The colonial architecture in the city reflects the influence of European settlers who once inhabited the area.
Victorian
[Přídavné jméno]

denoting or relating to Queen Victoria or her reign from 1837 to 1901

victoriánský, z dob Viktorie

victoriánský, z dob Viktorie

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