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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Arquitectura

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre arquitectura, como "erect", "renovate", "lumber", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
architecture
architecture
[Sustantivo]

the study or art of building and designing houses

arquitectura

arquitectura

Ex: Many students choose to study architecture to learn how to design buildings that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing. 

Muchos estudiantes eligen estudiar arquitectura para aprender a diseñar edificios que sean tanto funcionales como estéticamente agradables.

architectural
architectural
[Adjetivo]

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

arquitectónico

arquitectónico

Ex: The architectural plans for the renovation project were carefully drafted to preserve the historic character of the building. 

Los planos arquitectónicos para el proyecto de renovación fueron cuidadosamente redactados para preservar el carácter histórico del edificio.

cement
cement
[Sustantivo]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

cemento

cemento

Ex: The cement mixer churned as workers prepared batches of concrete for the building project. 

La mezcladora de cemento giraba mientras los trabajadores preparaban lotes de hormigón para el proyecto de construcción.

lumber
lumber
[Sustantivo]

wood that has been cut into specific pieces to be used for building purposes

árboles

árboles

mortar
mortar
[Sustantivo]

a mixture, typically of sand, lime, or cement, used to bond masonry units together or to coat walls

mortero

mortero

Ex: The building's foundation was reinforced with strong mortar. 

Los cimientos del edificio fueron reforzados con mortero fuerte.

plaster
plaster
[Sustantivo]

a material with a soft texture that is a combination of sand, water, and lime which is used to cover walls and ceilings to smooth their surface

yeso

yeso

beam
beam
[Sustantivo]

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

viga

viga

Ex: Engineers inspected the support beams of the bridge, ensuring they could withstand heavy loads and extreme weather conditions. 

Los ingenieros inspeccionaron las vigas de soporte del puente, asegurándose de que pudieran soportar cargas pesadas y condiciones climáticas extremas.

scaffolding
scaffolding
[Sustantivo]

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

andamiaje

andamiaje

to reinforce

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

reforzar

reforzar

Ex: The chef chose to reinforce the flavor of the soup by adding a rich and concentrated broth. 

El chef eligió reforzar el sabor de la sopa añadiendo un caldo rico y concentrado.

to renovate

to make a building or a place look good again by repairing or painting it

renovar, reformar

renovar, reformar

Ex: The school board allocated funds to renovate the classrooms and improve the learning environment. 

La junta escolar asignó fondos para renovar las aulas y mejorar el ambiente de aprendizaje.

foundation
foundation
[Sustantivo]

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

cimientos

cimientos

Ex: The engineer inspected the foundation of the bridge to ensure it could withstand heavy traffic. 
to erect
to erect
[Verbo]

to build or assemble a structure or object in an upright position

erigir, levantar

erigir, levantar

Ex: To mark the historical site, the city decided to erect a monument in honor of the founding fathers. 

Para marcar el sitio histórico, la ciudad decidió erigir un monumento en honor a los padres fundadores.

blueprint
blueprint
[Sustantivo]

a detailed technical or architectural plan showing dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

cianotipo, plano

cianotipo, plano

Ex: The factory layout was illustrated on a large blueprint. 

La disposición de la fábrica se ilustró en un gran plano técnico.

to crumble
to crumble
[Verbo]

(of a building) to fall apart

desmoronarse

desmoronarse

Ex: Over time, the once grand castle started to crumble, its towers collapsing into ruins. 

Con el tiempo, el que una vez fue un gran castillo comenzó a desmoronarse, sus torres derrumbándose en ruinas.

to demolish

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

demoler, derribar

demoler, derribar

Ex: The earthquake had the power to demolish poorly constructed houses. 

El terremoto tuvo el poder de demoler las casas mal construidas.

wrecking ball
wrecking ball
[Sustantivo]

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

bola de demolición

bola de demolición

bulldozer
bulldozer
[Sustantivo]

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

bulldozer

bulldozer

facade
facade
[Sustantivo]

the front of a building, particularly one that is large and has an elegant appearance

fachada

fachada

Ex: The theater's facade featured a marquee sign and grand entrance, inviting patrons to experience the magic of live performances within. 

La fachada del teatro presentaba un letrero de marquesina y una gran entrada, invitando a los espectadores a experimentar la magia de las actuaciones en vivo en su interior.

masonry
masonry
[Sustantivo]

the skilled trade or craft of working with stone, bricks, or other masonry materials to construct buildings, walls, or other structures

albañilería

albañilería

arch
arch
[Sustantivo]

a curved symmetrical structure that supports the weight above it, used in bridges or buildings

arco

arco

Ex: The ancient Roman aqueducts featured stone arches that allowed water to flow smoothly across long distances. 

Los antiguos acueductos romanos presentaban arcos de piedra que permitían que el agua fluyera suavemente a través de largas distancias.

penthouse
penthouse
[Sustantivo]

an apartment on top of a tall building

ático, penthouse

ático, penthouse

Ex: The penthouse is considered the most exclusive residence in the building. 

El penthouse está considerado como la residencia más exclusiva del edificio.

dome
dome
[Sustantivo]

a building's roof that is rounded

cúpula

cúpula

Ex: The mosque's central prayer hall was crowned by a magnificent dome adorned with intricate geometric patterns. 

La sala de oración central de la mezquita estaba coronada por un magnífico domo adornado con intrincados patrones geométricos.

chamber
chamber
[Sustantivo]

a private room that is mostly used as bedroom

aposento

aposento

Ex: She decorated her chamber with elegant curtains and antique furniture. 

Ella decoró su alcoba con cortinas elegantes y muebles antiguos.

terrace
terrace
[Sustantivo]

a flat paved area, particularly one next to a building or restaurant, where people can sit, eat, relax, etc.

azotea

azotea

Ex: The café’s terrace was crowded on a warm afternoon. 

La terraza del café estaba llena en una tarde cálida.

cabana
cabana
[Sustantivo]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

cabaña

cabaña

Ex: The tropical cabana was adorned with colorful fabrics and surrounded by lush greenery, creating a paradise-like setting. 

La cabaña tropical estaba adornada con telas coloridas y rodeada de exuberante vegetación, creando un entorno paradisíaco.

gazebo
gazebo
[Sustantivo]

a small roofed building with open sides, usually in a garden

glorieta

glorieta

Ex: The park's centerpiece is a large, ornate gazebo where musicians often perform concerts. 

El elemento central del parque es un gran kiosco ornamentado donde los músicos a menudo realizan conciertos.

condominium
condominium
[Sustantivo]

a single dwelling unit within a condominium complex

apartamento en condominio, condominio

apartamento en condominio, condominio

Ex: The condominium overlooks the park and city skyline. 

El condominio tiene vistas al parque y al horizonte de la ciudad.

arcade
arcade
[Sustantivo]

an arch-covered passage along the side of a group of buildings

arcada

arcada

Ex: At the end of the arcade, a small courtyard opens up, providing a peaceful retreat from the busy streets. 

Al final de la arcada, se abre un pequeño patio, proporcionando un refugio tranquilo de las calles concurridas.

auditorium
auditorium
[Sustantivo]

a large building or hall where people are gathered to attend a concert, public speech, play, etc.

auditorio

auditorio

Ex: The auditorium filled quickly as the keynote speaker was about to begin. 

El auditorio se llenó rápidamente cuando el orador principal estaba a punto de comenzar.

amphitheater
amphitheater
[Sustantivo]

an open building that is round or oval in shape and has a space in the middle surrounded by several seats, originated in ancient Roman and Greek architecture used for public entertainments such as sports or drama

anfiteatro

anfiteatro

Ex: The amphitheater's architecture was a marvel of ancient engineering and design. 

La arquitectura del anfiteatro era una maravilla de la ingeniería y el diseño antiguos.

high-rise
high-rise
[Adjetivo]

(of buildings) having many floors

de muchas plantas

de muchas plantas

Ex: The city plans to develop more high-rise residential buildings to address housing shortages. 

La ciudad planea desarrollar más edificios residenciales de gran altura para abordar la escasez de viviendas.

Gothic
Gothic
[Adjetivo]

(architecture) used to describe the building style prevalent in Western Europe in the 12th-16th centuries, whose characteristics are high ceilings, tall pillars, pointed windows and arches that are mostly made of stone

godo

godo

Baroque
Baroque
[Adjetivo]

relating to the highly ornate and expressive style of European art, architecture, and music that flourished from about 1600 to 1750

barroco

barroco

Ex: Her thesis focused on Baroque painting techniques in 17th-century Italy. 

Su tesis se centró en las técnicas de pintura barroca en la Italia del siglo XVII.

colonial
colonial
[Adjetivo]

reflecting the style of architecture or decoration typical in 18th-century America under British influence

colonial

colonial

Ex: Colonial furniture often features simple, sturdy design. 

El mobiliario colonial a menudo presenta un diseño simple y resistente.

Victorian
Victorian
[Adjetivo]

denoting or relating to Queen Victoria or her reign from 1837 to 1901

victoriano

victoriano

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