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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 6-7) - Válka

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s válkou, která jsou nezbytná pro akademickou zkoušku IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
dagger
dagger
[Podstatné jméno]

a short weapon with a pointed blade

dýka, bodák

dýka, bodák

Ex: The assassin concealed a dagger in his cloak as he approached the target. 
dynamite
dynamite
[Podstatné jméno]

an explosive that is very powerful

dynamit, velmi výbušná látka

dynamit, velmi výbušná látka

Ex: Dynamite is an explosive material consisting of nitroglycerin absorbed in an inert substance, typically sawdust or clay. 
shell
shell
[Podstatné jméno]

a component of ammunition that is loaded into a firearm, including a casing or a hull, gunpowder, a primer, and a projectile

střela, nábojnice

střela, nábojnice

Ex: The soldier carefully loaded the shell into the cannon, preparing for the next round of artillery fire. 
shotgun
shotgun
[Podstatné jméno]

a long gun that can shoot multiple small bullets at one time, suitable for hunting animals such as birds

brokovnice, lovecká puška

brokovnice, lovecká puška

mine
mine
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of military equipment that is put on or just under the ground or in the sea, which explodes when it is touched

mina, výbušné zařízení

mina, výbušné zařízení

Ex: The documentary highlighted the lasting impact of mines on civilian populations. 
cold war
cold war
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of unfriendly relationship between two states which are not openly at war with each other

studená válka, skrytý konflikt

studená válka, skrytý konflikt

Ex: The two nations have been in a cold war for decades, avoiding direct conflict. 
firearm
firearm
[Podstatné jméno]

a portable weapon that uses controlled explosions to propel a projectile through a barrel

střelná zbraň, pistole

střelná zbraň, pistole

Ex: He always carries a concealed firearm for self-defense. 
lieutenant
lieutenant
[Podstatné jméno]

a mid-ranking officer in the armed forces, responsible for commanding troops and assisting superior officers

poručík, střední důstojník

poručík, střední důstojník

Ex: She was promoted to lieutenant after demonstrating exceptional leadership skills in combat. 
militia
militia
[Podstatné jméno]

a military group consisting of civilians who have been trained as soldiers to help the army in emergencies

domobrana, národní garda

domobrana, národní garda

Ex: The militia was mobilized to assist in disaster relief efforts after the earthquake devastated the region. 
trench
trench
[Podstatné jméno]

a long narrow hole dug in the ground in which soldiers move and are protected from enemy fire

zákop, příkop

zákop, příkop

Ex: The soldiers huddled in the trench, waiting for the signal to advance across no man's land. 
to surrender
to surrender
[sloveso]

to give up resistance or stop fighting against an enemy or opponent

vzdát se, kapitulovat

vzdát se, kapitulovat

Ex: Faced with overwhelming forces, the army decided to surrender to avoid further bloodshed. 
ambush
ambush
[Podstatné jméno]

a surprise attack or trap set by one party against another, typically while the targeted party is unaware or unprepared

přepadení, léčka

přepadení, léčka

Ex: The soldiers laid in wait for hours, preparing for the ambush on the enemy convoy. 
to besiege
to besiege
[sloveso]

to surround a place, typically with armed forces, in order to force those inside to give up or surrender

obléhat, obklíčit

obléhat, obklíčit

Ex: The army decided to besiege the enemy fortress to weaken its defenses. 
to deploy
to deploy
[sloveso]

to position soldiers or equipment for military action

nasazovat, umístit

nasazovat, umístit

Ex: The general decided to deploy the troops along the perimeter for a defensive stance. 
raid
raid
[Podstatné jméno]

a surprise attack against a place or a group of people

nájezd, překvapivý útok

nájezd, překvapivý útok

Ex: The special forces unit planned a nighttime raid on the enemy compound to capture high-value targets. 
to invade
to invade
[sloveso]

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

vtrhnout, vojensky obsadit

vtrhnout, vojensky obsadit

Ex: The army decided to invade the neighboring country to secure vital resources. 
to fortify
to fortify
[sloveso]

to secure a place and make it resistant against attacks, particularly by building walls around it

posílit, opevnit

posílit, opevnit

Ex: The city decided to fortify its borders with a tall, robust wall to deter potential invaders. 
clash
clash
[Podstatné jméno]

a violent confrontation or battle between opposing military forces

střet, konflikt

střet, konflikt

Ex: The clash between the two armies lasted for hours, with neither side gaining a decisive advantage. 
patrol
patrol
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of going around a place at regular intervals to prevent a crime or wrongdoing from being committed

hlídka

hlídka

Ex: The police officer conducted a patrol of the neighborhood to ensure the safety of residents. 
to disarm
to disarm
[sloveso]

to deprive someone or something of weapons or the ability to cause harm

odzbrojit, zneškodnit

odzbrojit, zneškodnit

Ex: Police officers worked to peacefully disarm the suspect holding hostages. 
breach
breach
[Podstatné jméno]

an act that violates an agreement, law, etc.

porušení, přestupek

porušení, přestupek

Ex: The company's unauthorized use of customer data was a clear breach of the confidentiality agreement. 
to liberate
to liberate
[sloveso]

to free someone or something from oppression or captivity

osvobodit, vysvobodit

osvobodit, vysvobodit

Ex: The army sought to liberate the oppressed people from the tyrannical regime. 
to repel
to repel
[sloveso]

to push away or cause something or someone to retreat or withdraw

odrazit, odhánět

odrazit, odhánět

Ex: The goalkeeper managed to repel every attempt at scoring during the match. 
to enlist
to enlist
[sloveso]

to recruit or engage an individual for service in the military

naverbovat, zapsat

naverbovat, zapsat

Ex: The army decided to enlist new soldiers to bolster its ranks. 
arm
arm
[Podstatné jméno]

a weapon or tool used for fighting or hunting

zbraň, výzbroj

zbraň, výzbroj

Ex: The soldiers carried heavy arms into battle. 
to wage
to wage
[sloveso]

to participate in and carry out a specific action, such as a war or campaign

vést, provádět

vést, provádět

Ex: The environmental activists are waging a campaign to raise awareness about the importance of conservation. 
to gun down
to gun down
[sloveso]

to seriously injure or kill a person by shooting them, particularly someone who is defenseless

zastřelit, sestřelit

zastřelit, sestřelit

Ex: The assailant attempted to gun down his target in a crowded market. 
counterattack
counterattack
[Podstatné jméno]

an attack made in response to someone else's attack

protiútok, odveta

protiútok, odveta

Ex: The army launched a counterattack to regain lost ground. 
infantry
infantry
[Podstatné jméno]

foot soldiers who fight on the ground with small arms

pěchota, pěšáci

pěchota, pěšáci

Ex: The infantry advanced cautiously through the dense forest, scanning for enemy movements. 
ceasefire
ceasefire
[Podstatné jméno]

a temporary peace during a battle or war when discussions regarding permanent peace is taking place

příměří, zastavení palby

příměří, zastavení palby

Ex: The two sides agreed to a ceasefire to allow peace talks to begin. 
fortification
fortification
[Podstatné jméno]

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

opevnění, obranná struktura

opevnění, obranná struktura

bloodshed
bloodshed
[Podstatné jméno]

nnecessary spilling of blood, typically resulting from battles, conflicts, or acts of aggression

krveprolití,  masakr

krveprolití, masakr

Ex: The war brought unprecedented bloodshed to the region, with countless lives lost. 
to subdue
to subdue
[sloveso]

to bring something or someone under control, often using authority or force

podrobit, přemoci

podrobit, přemoci

Ex: The police officer had to subdue the suspect during the altercation. 
to demilitarize

o remove or reduce military forces, weapons, or military capabilities from a region, area, or entity, typically as part of a peace agreement, disarmament treaty, or unilateral decision to promote peace

demilitarizovat, odzbrojit

demilitarizovat, odzbrojit

Ex: After the peace treaty was signed, both sides agreed to demilitarize the border region. 
grenade
grenade
[Podstatné jméno]

a small bomb that explodes in a few seconds, can be thrown by hand or fired from a gun

granát, výbušné zařízení

granát, výbušné zařízení

Ex: The soldier pulled the pin from the grenade before tossing it towards the enemy position. 
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