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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 6-7) - War

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la guerre qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen académique IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
dagger
[nom]

a short weapon with a pointed blade

poignard

poignard

Ex: In ancient times , daggers were used for close combat and as tools for everyday tasks .Dans les temps anciens, les **poignards** étaient utilisés pour le combat rapproché et comme outils pour les tâches quotidiennes.

an explosive that is very powerful

dynamite

dynamite

Ex: Dynamite is carefully regulated and handled due to its explosive nature and potential hazards.La **dynamite** est soigneusement réglementée et manipulée en raison de sa nature explosive et de ses dangers potentiels.
shell
[nom]

a component of ammunition that is loaded into a firearm, including a casing or a hull, gunpowder, a primer, and a projectile

obus, cartouche

obus, cartouche

Ex: The shell burst upon impact , causing a massive explosion and creating a significant crater in the ground .L'**obus** a explosé à l'impact, provoquant une explosion massive et créant un cratère significatif dans le sol.
shotgun
[nom]

a long gun that can shoot multiple small bullets at one time, suitable for hunting animals such as birds

fusil de chasse, carabine à canon scié

fusil de chasse, carabine à canon scié

mine
[nom]

a piece of military equipment that is put on or just under the ground or in the sea, which explodes when it is touched

mine

mine

Ex: The soldiers carefully navigated the area , aware of the hidden mines.Les soldats ont soigneusement navigué dans la zone, conscients des **mines** cachées.

a state of unfriendly relationship between two states which are not openly at war with each other

guerre froide

guerre froide

Ex: A cold war developed between the neighboring countries over territorial disputes .Une **guerre froide** s'est développée entre les pays voisins en raison de différends territoriaux.
firearm
[nom]

a portable weapon that uses controlled explosions to propel a projectile through a barrel

arme à feu, arme de poing

arme à feu, arme de poing

Ex: She inherited her grandfather 's antique firearm collection .Elle a hérité de la collection d'**armes à feu** antiques de son grand-père.

a mid-ranking officer in the armed forces, responsible for commanding troops and assisting superior officers

lieutenant, officier subalterne

lieutenant, officier subalterne

Ex: During the operation , the lieutenant made split-second decisions under intense pressure .Pendant l'opération, le **lieutenant** a pris des décisions en une fraction de seconde sous une pression intense.
militia
[nom]

a military group consisting of civilians who have been trained as soldiers to help the army in emergencies

milice, réserve

milice, réserve

Ex: The local militia responded swiftly to the wildfire , helping to evacuate residents and protect homes from the spreading flames .La **milice** locale a réagi rapidement à l'incendie, aidant à évacuer les résidents et à protéger les maisons des flammes qui se propageaient.
trench
[nom]

a long narrow hole dug in the ground in which soldiers move and are protected from enemy fire

tranchée

tranchée

Ex: From their position in the trench, the troops could see the enemy fortifications just a few hundred yards away .Depuis leur position dans la **tranchée**, les troupes pouvaient voir les fortifications ennemies à seulement quelques centaines de mètres.

to give up resistance or stop fighting against an enemy or opponent

se rendre, capituler

se rendre, capituler

Ex: The general often surrenders to avoid unnecessary conflict .Le général **capitule** souvent pour éviter un conflit inutile.
ambush
[nom]

a surprise attack or trap set by one party against another, typically while the targeted party is unaware or unprepared

embuscade, guet-apens

embuscade, guet-apens

Ex: The insurgents planned a series of coordinated ambushes on the military supply convoys .Les insurgés ont planifié une série d'**embuscades** coordonnées sur les convois militaires d'approvisionnement.
to besiege
[verbe]

to surround a place, typically with armed forces, in order to force those inside to give up or surrender

assiéger, encercler

assiéger, encercler

Ex: The general devised a strategy to besiege the fort without heavy losses .Le général a conçu une stratégie pour **assiégé** le fort sans pertes importantes.
to deploy
[verbe]

to position soldiers or equipment for military action

déployer

déployer

Ex: After the briefing , the general deployed his soldiers to various strategic points .Après le briefing, le général a **déployé** ses soldats à divers points stratégiques.
raid
[nom]

a surprise attack against a place or a group of people

descente, rafle

descente, rafle

Ex: The historical reenactment included a dramatic portrayal of a Viking raid on a coastal settlement .La reconstitution historique comprenait une représentation dramatique d'un **raid** viking sur un établissement côtier.
to invade
[verbe]

to enter a territory using armed forces in order to occupy or take control of it

envahir

envahir

Ex: Governments around the world are currently considering whether to invade or pursue diplomatic solutions .Les gouvernements du monde entier envisagent actuellement s'ils doivent **envahir** ou poursuivre des solutions diplomatiques.
to fortify
[verbe]

to secure a place and make it resistant against attacks, particularly by building walls around it

fortifier, renforcer

fortifier, renforcer

Ex: The historical site was carefully fortified with modern technology to preserve its integrity .Le site historique a été soigneusement **fortifié** avec une technologie moderne pour préserver son intégrité.
clash
[nom]

a violent confrontation or battle between opposing military forces

affrontement, conflit

affrontement, conflit

Ex: The clash between the allied forces and insurgents intensified as the conflict entered its third year .L'**affrontement** entre les forces alliées et les insurgés s'est intensifié alors que le conflit entrait dans sa troisième année.
patrol
[nom]

the act of going around a place at regular intervals to prevent a crime or wrongdoing from being committed

patrouille

patrouille

Ex: Neighborhood watch volunteers took turns patrolling the streets to deter vandalism and theft.Les bénévoles de la surveillance de quartier ont pris leur tour pour **patrouiller** dans les rues afin de dissuader le vandalisme et le vol.
to disarm
[verbe]

to deprive someone or something of weapons or the ability to cause harm

désarmer, neutraliser

désarmer, neutraliser

Ex: The peace treaty required both sides to disarm their armies .Le traité de paix exigeait que les deux parties **désarment** leurs armées.
breach
[nom]

an act that violates an agreement, law, etc.

rupture, infraction,	abus

rupture, infraction, abus

Ex: His unauthorized access to the company 's files was deemed a breach of security .Son accès non autorisé aux fichiers de l'entreprise a été considéré comme une **violation** de la sécurité.

to free someone or something from oppression or captivity

libérer

libérer

Ex: The rescue team 's primary goal was to liberate survivors trapped in the disaster-stricken area .L'objectif principal de l'équipe de sauvetage était de **libérer** les survivants piégés dans la zone sinistrée.
to repel
[verbe]

to push away or cause something or someone to retreat or withdraw

repousser

repousser

Ex: The strong winds repelled the hot air balloon , causing it to drift away from its intended path .Les vents forts ont **repoussé** le ballon à air chaud, le faisant dériver loin de sa trajectoire prévue.
to enlist
[verbe]

to recruit or engage an individual for service in the military

enrôler, recruter

enrôler, recruter

Ex: The military commander successfully enlisted a diverse group of individuals , each contributing unique skills to the service .Le commandant militaire a réussi à **enrôler** un groupe diversifié d'individus, chacun apportant des compétences uniques au service.
arm
[nom]

any tool or object used in fighting or hunting

arme, outil de combat

arme, outil de combat

to wage
[verbe]

to participate in and carry out a specific action, such as a war or campaign

mener, engager

mener, engager

Ex: The activist group waged a campaign against the new policy .Le groupe militant a **mené** une campagne contre la nouvelle politique.

to seriously injure or kill a person by shooting them, particularly someone who is defenseless

abattre, descendre

abattre, descendre

Ex: The sniper had a clear shot and gunned down the enemy soldier .Le sniper avait une vue dégagée et a **abattu** le soldat ennemi.

an attack made in response to someone else's attack

contre-attaque

contre-attaque

Ex: The general planned a counterattack after assessing the enemy 's weaknesses .Le général a planifié une **contre-attaque** après avoir évalué les faiblesses de l'ennemi.

foot soldiers who fight on the ground with small arms

infanterie, fantassins

infanterie, fantassins

Ex: The infantry received air support from helicopters during their mission in enemy territory .L'**infanterie** a reçu un soutien aérien d'hélicoptères lors de leur mission en territoire ennemi.

a temporary peace during a battle or war when discussions regarding permanent peace is taking place

cessez-le-feu, trêve

cessez-le-feu, trêve

Ex: During the ceasefire, humanitarian aid was delivered to the affected areas .Pendant le **cessez-le-feu**, l'aide humanitaire a été livrée aux zones touchées.

a defensive structure or system constructed to protect an area or position from enemy attacks, typically including walls, towers, and other defensive elements

fortification, ouvrage défensif

fortification, ouvrage défensif

nnecessary spilling of blood, typically resulting from battles, conflicts, or acts of aggression

effusion de sang,  bain de sang

effusion de sang, bain de sang

Ex: The international community condemned the bloodshed and called for an immediate end to the conflict .La communauté internationale a condamné **l'effusion de sang** et a appelé à une fin immédiate du conflit.
to subdue
[verbe]

to bring something or someone under control, often using authority or force

réprimer, brimer

réprimer, brimer

Ex: The government plans to use force if necessary to subdue any uprising .Le gouvernement prévoit d'utiliser la force si nécessaire pour **réprimer** tout soulèvement.

o remove or reduce military forces, weapons, or military capabilities from a region, area, or entity, typically as part of a peace agreement, disarmament treaty, or unilateral decision to promote peace

démilitariser, désarmer

démilitariser, désarmer

Ex: As part of the peace agreement , rebel groups agreed to demilitarize and integrate into civilian life .Dans le cadre de l'accord de paix, les groupes rebelles ont accepté de **démilitariser** et de s'intégrer à la vie civile.
grenade
[nom]

a small bomb that explodes in a few seconds, can be thrown by hand or fired from a gun

grenade

grenade

Ex: She watched as the grenade landed in the target area and exploded .Elle regarda alors que la **grenade** atterrissait dans la zone cible et explosait.
Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 6-7)
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