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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Životní Prostředí a Počasí

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o životním prostředí a počasí, jako je "ekologie", "rafinovat", "toxický" atd., Které jsou potřeba pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
ecosystem
ecosystem
[Podstatné jméno]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosystém, ekologický systém

ekosystém, ekologický systém

Ex: Coral reefs are diverse ecosystems that support a wide range of marine life. 
ecology
ecology
[Podstatné jméno]

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

ekologie, environmentální věda

ekologie, environmentální věda

Ex: Ecology examines how plants and animals adapt to their environments. 
sanctuary
sanctuary
[Podstatné jméno]

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

přírodní rezervace, útulek pro divokou zvěř

přírodní rezervace, útulek pro divokou zvěř

Ex: The wildlife sanctuary provides a safe habitat for endangered species to thrive. 
green belt
green belt
[Podstatné jméno]

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

zelený pás, zelená zóna

zelený pás, zelená zóna

Ex: Darlington should preserve its green belt. 
reserve
reserve
[Podstatné jméno]

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

rezervace

rezervace

environmentalism
environmentalism
[Podstatné jméno]

provision of care for the environment

environmentalismus, ekologismus

environmentalismus, ekologismus

fossil fuel
fossil fuel
[Podstatné jméno]

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

fosilní palivo, fosilní energie

fosilní palivo, fosilní energie

Ex: Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 
alternative fuel
alternative fuel
[Podstatné jméno]

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

alternativní palivo

alternativní palivo

Ex: Many people are switching to cars that run on alternative fuel to reduce pollution. 
sustainable
sustainable
[Přídavné jméno]

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

udržitelný,  šetrný k životnímu prostředí

udržitelný, šetrný k životnímu prostředí

Ex: The farm practices sustainable agriculture. 
zero-emission
zero-emission
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

nulové emise, bez emisí

nulové emise, bez emisí

Ex: Electric vehicles are considered zero-emission because they do not produce tailpipe emissions. 
environmentally friendly
environmentally friendly
[Přídavné jméno]

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

šetrný k životnímu prostředí, ekologický

šetrný k životnímu prostředí, ekologický

Ex: The company is committed to producing environmentally friendly goods made from sustainable resources. 
biodegradable
biodegradable
[Přídavné jméno]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

biologicky rozložitelný

biologicky rozložitelný

Ex: Biodegradable food waste can be composted and turned into nutrient-rich soil. 
eco-friendly
eco-friendly
[Přídavné jméno]

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

šetrný k životnímu prostředí, ekologický

šetrný k životnímu prostředí, ekologický

Ex: The company switched to eco-friendly packaging made from recycled materials. 
to refine
to refine
[sloveso]

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

rafinovat, čistit

rafinovat, čistit

Ex: The water treatment plant uses filtration methods to refine drinking water and remove contaminants. 
preservation
preservation
[Podstatné jméno]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

uchování, konzervace

uchování, konzervace

nonrenewable
nonrenewable
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

neobnovitelný, nenahraditelný

neobnovitelný, nenahraditelný

Ex: Oil is a nonrenewable resource that will eventually run out if we continue to use it at the current rate. 
conservation
conservation
[Podstatné jméno]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

ochrana, zachování

ochrana, zachování

Ex: Conservation efforts are crucial to preserving endangered species and their habitats. 
acid rain
acid rain
[Podstatné jméno]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

kyselý déšť, kyselé srážky

kyselý déšť, kyselé srážky

Ex: The once-clear mountain stream turned murky after years of acid rain falling on its watershed. 
carbon footprint
carbon footprint
[Podstatné jméno]

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

uhlíková stopa, emisze oxidu uhličitého

uhlíková stopa, emisze oxidu uhličitého

Ex: Flying frequently increases your carbon footprint significantly. 
climate change
climate change
[Podstatné jméno]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

klimatická změna, globální oteplování

klimatická změna, globální oteplování

Ex: Climate change is a major concern for future generations. 
wildfire
wildfire
[Podstatné jméno]

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

lesní požár, nekontrolovaný požár

lesní požár, nekontrolovaný požár

Ex: The wildfire spread rapidly through the dry forest due to strong winds. 
tsunami
tsunami
[Podstatné jméno]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

tsunami

Ex: The devastating tsunami in 2004 wreaked havoc across coastal regions of Southeast Asia. 
toxic
toxic
[Přídavné jméno]

consisting of poisonous substances

toxický

toxický

Ex: The toxic fumes emitted by the factory posed a serious threat to the health of nearby residents. 
pollutant
pollutant
[Podstatné jméno]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

znečišťující látka, škodlivá látka pro životní prostředí

znečišťující látka, škodlivá látka pro životní prostředí

Ex: Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas pollutant emitted from burning fossil fuels. 
greenhouse effect
greenhouse effect
[Podstatné jméno]

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

skleníkový efekt, fenomén skleníkového efektu

skleníkový efekt, fenomén skleníkového efektu

Ex: The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon vital for sustaining life on Earth, but the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human activities has accelerated climate change and its associated impacts. 
smog
smog
[Podstatné jméno]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

smog, znečištěná mlha

smog, znečištěná mlha

Ex: The city's smog was so thick that it reduced visibility, making it difficult for drivers to see the road ahead. 
ozone layer
ozone layer
[Podstatné jméno]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

ozonová vrstva, ozonosféra

ozonová vrstva, ozonosféra

Ex: The ozone layer is a region of the Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. 
eruption
eruption
[Podstatné jméno]

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

erupce, sopečná erupce

erupce, sopečná erupce

Ex: The volcanic eruption sent ash and lava flowing down the mountainside. 
deforestation
deforestation
[Podstatné jméno]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

odlesňování, kácení lesů

odlesňování, kácení lesů

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
to contaminate

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

kontaminovat, znečišťovat

kontaminovat, znečišťovat

Ex: The factory's discharge pipes contaminated the river with toxic chemicals. 
consumption
consumption
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of using up something, such as resources, energy, or materials

spotřeba, použití

spotřeba, použití

Ex: The rapid consumption of fuel raised concerns about sustainability. 
blizzard
blizzard
[Podstatné jméno]

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

sněhová bouře, vichřice

sněhová bouře, vichřice

Ex: The blizzard made driving conditions hazardous. 
Fahrenheit
Fahrenheit
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

Fahrenheit, vztahující se k Fahrenheitově stupnici

Fahrenheit, vztahující se k Fahrenheitově stupnici

Ex: The forecast said it would be 86 degrees Fahrenheit today. 
centigrade
centigrade
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

stupně Celsia, Celsia

stupně Celsia, Celsia

Ex: The weather reached 40 degrees centigrade today. 
humid
humid
[Přídavné jméno]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

vlhký, dusný

vlhký, dusný

Ex: The humid weather made the air feel heavy and sticky. 
monsoon
monsoon
[Podstatné jméno]

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

monzun, období dešťů

monzun, období dešťů

Ex: Farmers eagerly anticipate the monsoon season as it brings much-needed rainfall to replenish parched fields and ensure a successful harvest. 
thunder
thunder
[Podstatné jméno]

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

hrom, blesk

hrom, blesk

Ex: The thunder rattled the windows during the intense storm. 
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