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Podstawowe Słownictwo do TOEFL - Środowisko i Pogoda

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących środowiska i pogody, takich jak "ekologia", "rafinować", "toksyczny" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
ecosystem
ecosystem
[Rzeczownik]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosystem, system ekologiczny

ekosystem, system ekologiczny

Ex: Coral reefs are diverse ecosystems that support a wide range of marine life. 
ecology
ecology
[Rzeczownik]

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

ekologia, nauka o środowisku

ekologia, nauka o środowisku

Ex: Ecology examines how plants and animals adapt to their environments. 
sanctuary
sanctuary
[Rzeczownik]

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

rezerwat przyrody, sanktuarium dzikiej przyrody

rezerwat przyrody, sanktuarium dzikiej przyrody

Ex: The wildlife sanctuary provides a safe habitat for endangered species to thrive. 
green belt
green belt
[Rzeczownik]

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

zielony pas, strefa zieleni

zielony pas, strefa zieleni

Ex: Darlington should preserve its green belt. 
reserve
reserve
[Rzeczownik]

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

rezerwat

rezerwat

environmentalism
environmentalism
[Rzeczownik]

provision of care for the environment

environmentalizm, ekologizm

environmentalizm, ekologizm

fossil fuel
fossil fuel
[Rzeczownik]

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

paliwo kopalne, energia kopalna

paliwo kopalne, energia kopalna

Ex: Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 
alternative fuel
alternative fuel
[Rzeczownik]

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

paliwo alternatywne

paliwo alternatywne

Ex: Many people are switching to cars that run on alternative fuel to reduce pollution. 
sustainable
sustainable
[przymiotnik]

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

zrównoważony,  przyjazny dla środowiska

zrównoważony, przyjazny dla środowiska

Ex: The farm practices sustainable agriculture. 
zero-emission
zero-emission
[przymiotnik]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

zeroemisyjny, bez emisji

zeroemisyjny, bez emisji

Ex: Electric vehicles are considered zero-emission because they do not produce tailpipe emissions. 
environmentally friendly

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

przyjazny dla środowiska, ekologiczny

przyjazny dla środowiska, ekologiczny

Ex: The company is committed to producing environmentally friendly goods made from sustainable resources. 
biodegradable
biodegradable
[przymiotnik]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

biodegradowalny

biodegradowalny

Ex: Biodegradable food waste can be composted and turned into nutrient-rich soil. 
eco-friendly
eco-friendly
[przymiotnik]

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

przyjazny dla środowiska, ekologiczny

przyjazny dla środowiska, ekologiczny

Ex: The company switched to eco-friendly packaging made from recycled materials. 
to refine
to refine
[Czasownik]

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

rafinować, oczyszczać

rafinować, oczyszczać

Ex: The water treatment plant uses filtration methods to refine drinking water and remove contaminants. 
preservation
preservation
[Rzeczownik]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

zachowanie, konserwacja

zachowanie, konserwacja

nonrenewable
nonrenewable
[przymiotnik]

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

nieodnawialny, niezastąpiony

nieodnawialny, niezastąpiony

Ex: Oil is a nonrenewable resource that will eventually run out if we continue to use it at the current rate. 
conservation
conservation
[Rzeczownik]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

ochrona, zachowanie

ochrona, zachowanie

Ex: Conservation efforts are crucial to preserving endangered species and their habitats. 
acid rain
acid rain
[Rzeczownik]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

kwaśny deszcz, opady kwaśne

kwaśny deszcz, opady kwaśne

Ex: The once-clear mountain stream turned murky after years of acid rain falling on its watershed. 
carbon footprint
carbon footprint
[Rzeczownik]

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

ślad węglowy, emisja dwutlenku węgla

ślad węglowy, emisja dwutlenku węgla

Ex: Flying frequently increases your carbon footprint significantly. 
climate change
climate change
[Rzeczownik]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

zmiana klimatu, globalne ocieplenie

zmiana klimatu, globalne ocieplenie

Ex: Climate change is a major concern for future generations. 
wildfire
wildfire
[Rzeczownik]

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

pożar lasu, niekontrolowany pożar

pożar lasu, niekontrolowany pożar

Ex: The wildfire spread rapidly through the dry forest due to strong winds. 
tsunami
tsunami
[Rzeczownik]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

tsunami

Ex: The devastating tsunami in 2004 wreaked havoc across coastal regions of Southeast Asia. 
toxic
toxic
[przymiotnik]

consisting of poisonous substances

toksyczny

toksyczny

Ex: The toxic fumes emitted by the factory posed a serious threat to the health of nearby residents. 
pollutant
pollutant
[Rzeczownik]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

zanieczyszczenie, substancja zanieczyszczająca

zanieczyszczenie, substancja zanieczyszczająca

Ex: Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas pollutant emitted from burning fossil fuels. 
greenhouse effect
greenhouse effect
[Rzeczownik]

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

efekt cieplarniany, zjawisko cieplarniane

efekt cieplarniany, zjawisko cieplarniane

Ex: The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon vital for sustaining life on Earth, but the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human activities has accelerated climate change and its associated impacts. 
smog
smog
[Rzeczownik]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

smog, mgła zanieczyszczona

smog, mgła zanieczyszczona

Ex: The city's smog was so thick that it reduced visibility, making it difficult for drivers to see the road ahead. 
ozone layer
ozone layer
[Rzeczownik]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

warstwa ozonowa, ozonosfera

warstwa ozonowa, ozonosfera

Ex: The ozone layer is a region of the Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. 
eruption
eruption
[Rzeczownik]

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

erupcja, erupcja wulkaniczna

erupcja, erupcja wulkaniczna

Ex: The volcanic eruption sent ash and lava flowing down the mountainside. 
deforestation
deforestation
[Rzeczownik]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

wylesianie, wycinka lasów

wylesianie, wycinka lasów

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
to contaminate
to contaminate
[Czasownik]

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

zanieczyszczać, zakażać

zanieczyszczać, zakażać

Ex: The factory's discharge pipes contaminated the river with toxic chemicals. 
consumption
consumption
[Rzeczownik]

the act of using up something, such as resources, energy, or materials

konsumpcja, użycie

konsumpcja, użycie

Ex: The rapid consumption of fuel raised concerns about sustainability. 
blizzard
blizzard
[Rzeczownik]

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

zamieć śnieżna, burza śnieżna

zamieć śnieżna, burza śnieżna

Ex: The blizzard made driving conditions hazardous. 
Fahrenheit
Fahrenheit
[przymiotnik]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

Fahrenheit, odnoszący się do skali Fahrenheita

Fahrenheit, odnoszący się do skali Fahrenheita

Ex: The forecast said it would be 86 degrees Fahrenheit today. 
centigrade
centigrade
[przymiotnik]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

stopnie Celsjusza, Celsjusz

stopnie Celsjusza, Celsjusz

Ex: The weather reached 40 degrees centigrade today. 
humid
humid
[przymiotnik]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

wilgotny, duszny

wilgotny, duszny

Ex: The humid weather made the air feel heavy and sticky. 
monsoon
monsoon
[Rzeczownik]

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

monsun, pora deszczowa

monsun, pora deszczowa

Ex: Farmers eagerly anticipate the monsoon season as it brings much-needed rainfall to replenish parched fields and ensure a successful harvest. 
thunder
thunder
[Rzeczownik]

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

grzmot, błyskawica

grzmot, błyskawica

Ex: The thunder rattled the windows during the intense storm. 
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