TOEFL のための基本語彙 - 環境と天候

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

生態系

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

生態学

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

聖域, 自然保護区

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

グリーンベルト, 緑地帯

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

保護区, 自然保護区

provision of care for the environment

環境主義, エコロジー

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

化石燃料, 化石エネルギー

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

代替燃料, オルタナティブ燃料

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

持続可能な, エコな

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

ゼロエミッション, 排出ゼロ

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

環境に優しい, エコフレンドリー

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

生分解性の

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

エコフレンドリー, 環境に優しい

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

精製する, 浄化する

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

保存, 維持

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

再生不可能な, 再生しない

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

保護, 保存

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

酸性雨

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

カーボンフットプリント, 二酸化炭素排出量

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

気候変動

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

山火事, 野火

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

津波

consisting of poisonous substances

有毒な, 毒性の

any substance that is harmful to the environment

汚染物質, 汚染源

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

温室効果, 地球温暖化

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

スモッグ

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

オゾン層

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

噴火, 発火

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

森林伐採

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

汚染する, 害する

the action or process of using a resource such as energy or food

消費, 使用

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

吹雪, ブリザード

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

華氏, ファーレンハイト

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

摂氏, 摂氏温度

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

湿った, じめじめした

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

モンスーン, モンスーンの季節

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

雷, 雷鳴