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TOEFLの必須語彙 - 環境と天候

TOEFL試験に必要な「生態」「洗練」「有毒」など、環境や天候に関する英単語を学びます。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
ecosystem

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

生態系

生態系

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[名詞]
ecology

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

生態学

生態学

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[名詞]
sanctuary

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

聖域

聖域

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[名詞]
green belt

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

グリーンベルト

グリーンベルト

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[名詞]
reserve

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

保護区

保護区

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[名詞]
environmentalism

provision of care for the environment

環境主義

環境主義

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[名詞]
fossil fuel

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

化石燃料

化石燃料

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[名詞]
alternative fuel

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

代替燃料

代替燃料

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[名詞]
sustainable

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

持続可能な

持続可能な

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[形容詞]
zero-emission

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

ゼロエミッション

ゼロエミッション

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[形容詞]
environmentally friendly

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

環境に優しい

環境に優しい

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[形容詞]
biodegradable

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

生分解性の

生分解性の

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[形容詞]
eco-friendly

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

エコフレンドリー

エコフレンドリー

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[形容詞]
to refine

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

精製する

精製する

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[動詞]
preservation

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

保存

保存

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[名詞]
nonrenewable

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

再生不可能な

再生不可能な

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[形容詞]
conservation

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

保護

保護

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[名詞]
acid rain

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

酸性雨

酸性雨

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[名詞]
carbon footprint

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

カーボンフットプリント

カーボンフットプリント

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[名詞]
climate change

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

気候変動

気候変動

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[名詞]
wildfire

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

山火事

山火事

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[名詞]
tsunami

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

津波

津波

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[名詞]
toxic

consisting of poisonous substances

有毒な

有毒な

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[形容詞]
pollutant

any substance that is harmful to the environment

汚染物質

汚染物質

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[名詞]
greenhouse effect

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

温室効果

温室効果

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[名詞]
smog

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

スモッグ

スモッグ

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[名詞]
ozone layer

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

オゾン層

オゾン層

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[名詞]
eruption

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

噴火

噴火

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[名詞]
deforestation

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

森林伐採

森林伐採

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[名詞]
to contaminate

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

汚染する

汚染する

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[動詞]
consumption

the action or process of using a resource such as energy or food

消費

消費

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[名詞]
blizzard

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

吹雪

吹雪

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[名詞]
Fahrenheit

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

華氏

華氏

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[形容詞]
centigrade

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

摂氏

摂氏

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[形容詞]
humid

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

湿った

湿った

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[形容詞]
monsoon

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

モンスーン

モンスーン

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[名詞]
thunder

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

雷

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[名詞]
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