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Необхідний Словниковий Запас для TOEFL - Навколишнє середовище та погода

Тут ви дізнаєтеся деякі англійські слова про навколишнє середовище та погоду, такі як «екологія», «рафінувати», «токсичний» тощо, які необхідні для іспиту TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
ecosystem
[іменник]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

екосистема

екосистема

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many ecosystems.
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ecology
[іменник]

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

екологія (ekologiya), екологічний аналіз (ekologichnyy analiz)

екологія (ekologiya), екологічний аналіз (ekologichnyy analiz)

Ex: The research team ecology to explore how pollution affects aquatic life .
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sanctuary
[іменник]

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

притулок для диких тварин, святилище для диких тварин

притулок для диких тварин, святилище для диких тварин

Ex: Education programs at the sanctuary teach visitors about conservation and the importance of protecting natural habitats.
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green belt
[іменник]

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

зелене кільце, зелені зони

зелене кільце, зелені зони

Ex: Darlington should preserve green belt.
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reserve
[іменник]

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

резерв, заповідник

резерв, заповідник

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environmentalism
[іменник]

provision of care for the environment

екологізм, екологічний рух

екологізм, екологічний рух

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fossil fuel
[іменник]

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

викопне паливо

викопне паливо

Ex: Many cars still fossil fuels like gasoline .
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alternative fuel
[іменник]

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

альтернативне паливо, паливо альтернативних джерел

альтернативне паливо, паливо альтернативних джерел

Ex: Electric cars are becoming popular as alternative fuel option .
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sustainable
[прикметник]

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

стійкий, екологічний

стійкий, екологічний

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zero-emission
[прикметник]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

нульовий викид, безвикидний

нульовий викид, безвикидний

Ex: Investing zero-emission technology is crucial for reducing carbon footprints and combating climate change .
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environmentally friendly
[прикметник]

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

екологічно чистий, дружній до навколишнього середовища

екологічно чистий, дружній до навколишнього середовища

Ex: Switching environmentally friendly transportation can significantly reduce your carbon footprint .
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biodegradable
[прикметник]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

біоразкладний, біодеградуючий

біоразкладний, біодеградуючий

Ex: Certain detergents and cleaning products are formulated biodegradable ingredients to minimize environmental impact .
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eco-friendly
[прикметник]

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

екологічно чистий

екологічно чистий

Ex: They eco-friendly solar panels to lower their energy consumption .
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to refine
[дієслово]

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

очистити, ести

очистити, ести

Ex: The oil industry refines crude oil into various usable products .
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preservation
[іменник]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

збереження, презервація

збереження, презервація

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nonrenewable
[прикметник]

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

невідновлюваний

невідновлюваний

Ex: Governments are encouraging the reduction nonrenewable resource consumption .
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conservation
[іменник]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

збереження

збереження

Ex: Many organizations focus on conservation to prevent species from becoming extinct .
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acid rain
[іменник]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

кислотний дощ

кислотний дощ

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carbon footprint
[іменник]

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

вуглецевий слід

вуглецевий слід

Ex: The company is working to reduce carbon footprint by switching to renewable energy .
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climate change
[іменник]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

зміна климату

зміна климату

Ex: The effects climate change are evident in our changing weather patterns .
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wildfire
[іменник]

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

лісовий пожежа, дикі вогні

лісовий пожежа, дикі вогні

Ex: Aerial firefighting efforts were deployed to suppress wildfire from spreading further .
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tsunami
[іменник]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

цунамі, цунамі хвиля

цунамі, цунамі хвиля

Ex: After the earthquake , the government issued an evacuation order due to the risk of tsunami.
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toxic
[прикметник]

consisting of poisonous substances

токсичний

токсичний

Ex: Proper disposal of electronic waste is crucial to toxic materials from leaching into the environment and contaminating soil and water sources .
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pollutant
[іменник]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

полютант, забруднювач

полютант, забруднювач

Ex: Governments worldwide are working together to address pollutants through international agreements .
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greenhouse effect
[іменник]

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

парниковий ефект

парниковий ефект

Ex: The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon vital for sustaining life on Earth , but the greenhouse effect caused by human activities has accelerated climate change and its associated impacts .
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smog
[іменник]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

смог

смог

Ex: On some days , smog was so dense that schools canceled outdoor activities for the safety of the children .
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ozone layer
[іменник]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

озоновий шар, озонова оболонка

озоновий шар, озонова оболонка

Ex: International agreements like the Montreal Protocol aim to protect ozone layer by phasing out ozone-depleting substances .
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eruption
[іменник]

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

виверження

виверження

Ex: eruption was so powerful that it was heard hundreds of miles away .
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deforestation
[іменник]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

вирубування лісів

вирубування лісів

Ex: Activists are protesting against companies responsible for deforestation.
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to contaminate
[дієслово]

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

забруднити, контамінувати

забруднити, контамінувати

Ex: Oil spills contaminate beaches and marine ecosystems , causing extensive environmental damage .
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consumption
[іменник]

the action or process of using a resource such as energy or food

споживання, використання

споживання, використання

Ex: Due to the new green initiatives , there 's been a reduction in consumption in the city .
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blizzard
[іменник]

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

заметіль

заметіль

Ex: Visibility was almost zero in blizzard.
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Fahrenheit
[прикметник]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

Фаренгейт

Фаренгейт

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centigrade
[прикметник]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

шкала Цельсія

шкала Цельсія

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humid
[прикметник]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

вологий

вологий

Ex: humid air made it difficult to dry laundry outside .
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monsoon
[іменник]

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

мусон, мусонний сезон

мусон, мусонний сезон

Ex: Meteorologists closely monitor atmospheric conditions to predict the onset and duration of monsoon, helping communities prepare for its arrival .
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thunder
[іменник]

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

грім

грім

Ex: The sudden clap thunder made everyone jump .
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