Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Lingkungan dan Cuaca

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosistem

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

ekologi

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

suaka, cagar alam

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

sabuk hijau, zona perlindungan

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

reservasi, daerah lindung

provision of care for the environment

lingkungan hidup, ekologisme

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

bahan bakar fosil, bahan bakar alami

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

bahan bakar alternatif, bahan bakar pengganti

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

berkelanjutan, ramah lingkungan

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

nol emisi, tanpa emisi

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

ramah lingkungan, bersahabat dengan lingkungan

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

biodegradable

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

ramah lingkungan, eco-friendly

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

memurnikan, menghilangkan

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

pelestarian, konservasi

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

tidak terbarukan, tidak dapat diperbaharui

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

konservasi, perlindungan

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

hujan asam

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

jejak karbon, jejak CO2

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

perubahan iklim

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

kebakaran hutan, api liar

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

consisting of poisonous substances

toksik, beracun

any substance that is harmful to the environment

zat pencemar, pencemar

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

efek rumah kaca, pemanasan global

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

smog

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

lapisan ozon

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

letusan, peledakan

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

penebangan hutan

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

mengkontaminasi, mencemari

the action or process of using a resource such as energy or food

konsumsi, penggunaan

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

badai salju, blizzard

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

Fahrenheit, skala Fahrenheit

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

derajat celcius, celcius

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

lembab, basah

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

muson, musim muson

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

guntur, suara petir