托福必备词汇 - 环境和天气

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

生态系统

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

生态学

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

圣所, 自然保护区

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

绿色带, 保护区

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

保护区, 自然保护区

provision of care for the environment

环境主义, 生态主义

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

化石燃料, 化石能源

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

替代燃料, 替代能源

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

可持续的, 环保的

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

零排放, 无排放

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

环保的, 对环境友好的

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

生物可降解的

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

环保的, 生态友好的

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

精炼, 净化

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

保护, 保存

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

不可再生的, 不可替代的

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

保护, 保存

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

酸雨

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

碳足迹, 碳排放量

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

气候变化

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

野火, 林火

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

海啸

consisting of poisonous substances

有毒的, 毒性

any substance that is harmful to the environment

污染物, 污染源

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

温室效应, 全球变暖

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

烟雾

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

臭氧层

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

喷发, 爆发

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

森林砍伐

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

污染, 弄脏

the action or process of using a resource such as energy or food

消费, 使用

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

暴风雪, 雪暴

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

华氏, 华氏温度

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

摄氏的, 摄氏度

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

潮湿的, 湿润的

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

季风, 季风季节

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

雷声, 雷电