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托福必备词汇 - 环境与天气

在这里,你将学习一些关于环境和天气的英语单词,如“生态”、“提炼”、“有毒”等,这些是托福考试所需的。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
ecosystem
[名词]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

生态系统, 生态体系

生态系统, 生态体系

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many ecosystems.气候变化对许多脆弱的**生态系统**构成了重大威胁。
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ecology
[名词]

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

生态学, 环境科学

生态学, 环境科学

Ex: The research team ecology to explore how pollution affects aquatic life .研究团队专注于**生态学**,以探索污染如何影响水生生物。
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sanctuary
[名词]

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

自然保护区, 野生动物保护区

自然保护区, 野生动物保护区

Ex: Education programs at the sanctuary teach visitors about conservation and the importance of protecting natural habitats.保护区的教育项目教会游客有关保护及保护自然栖息地的重要性。
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green belt
[名词]

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

绿化带, 绿色地带

绿化带, 绿色地带

Ex: Darlington should preserve green belt.达灵顿应该保留其**绿化带**。
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reserve
[名词]

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

保护区

保护区

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provision of care for the environment

环境保护主义, 生态主义

环境保护主义, 生态主义

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fossil fuel
[名词]

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

化石燃料, 化石能源

化石燃料, 化石能源

Ex: Many cars still fossil fuels like gasoline .许多汽车仍然依赖汽油等**化石燃料**。
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any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

替代燃料

替代燃料

Ex: Electric cars are becoming popular as alternative fuel option .电动汽车作为一种**替代燃料**选择正变得越来越受欢迎。
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sustainable
[形容词]

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

可持续的,  环保的

可持续的, 环保的

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zero-emission
[形容词]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

零排放, 无排放

零排放, 无排放

Ex: Investing zero-emission technology is crucial for reducing carbon footprints and combating climate change .投资**零排放**技术对于减少碳足迹和应对气候变化至关重要。
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referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

环保的, 绿色的

环保的, 绿色的

Ex: Switching environmentally friendly transportation can significantly reduce your carbon footprint .转向**环保**交通方式可以显著减少您的碳足迹。
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biodegradable
[形容词]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

可生物降解的

可生物降解的

Ex: Certain detergents and cleaning products are formulated biodegradable ingredients to minimize environmental impact .某些洗涤剂和清洁产品采用**可生物降解**的成分配制,以尽量减少对环境的影响。
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eco-friendly
[形容词]

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

环保的, 生态友好的

环保的, 生态友好的

Ex: They eco-friendly solar panels to lower their energy consumption .他们安装了**环保**太阳能电池板以降低能源消耗。
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to refine
[动词]

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

提炼, 净化

提炼, 净化

Ex: The oil industry refines crude oil into various usable products .石油工业不断将原油**提炼**成各种可用产品。
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preservation
[名词]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

保存, 保护

保存, 保护

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nonrenewable
[形容词]

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

不可再生的, 不可替代的

不可再生的, 不可替代的

Ex: Governments are encouraging the reduction nonrenewable resource consumption .政府正在鼓励减少**不可再生**资源的消耗。
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conservation
[名词]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

保护, 保存

保护, 保存

Ex: Many organizations focus on conservation to prevent species from becoming extinct .许多组织专注于野生动物**保护**,以防止物种灭绝。
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acid rain
[名词]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

酸雨, 酸性降水

酸雨, 酸性降水

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the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

碳足迹, 碳排放量

碳足迹, 碳排放量

Ex: The company is working to reduce carbon footprint by switching to renewable energy .该公司正通过转向可再生能源来减少其**碳足迹**。
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a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

气候变化, 全球变暖

气候变化, 全球变暖

Ex: The effects climate change are evident in our changing weather patterns .**气候变化**的影响在我们不断变化的天气模式中是显而易见的。
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wildfire
[名词]

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

野火, 无法控制的火灾

野火, 无法控制的火灾

Ex: Aerial firefighting efforts were deployed to suppress wildfire from spreading further .部署了空中灭火工作以阻止**野火**进一步蔓延。
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tsunami
[名词]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

海啸

海啸

Ex: After the earthquake , the government issued an evacuation order due to the risk of tsunami.地震发生后,政府因**海啸**风险发布了疏散令。
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toxic
[形容词]

consisting of poisonous substances

有毒的

有毒的

Ex: Proper disposal of electronic waste is crucial to toxic materials from leaching into the environment and contaminating soil and water sources .妥善处理电子废物对于防止**有毒**物质渗入环境并污染土壤和水源至关重要。
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pollutant
[名词]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

污染物, 有害环境的物质

污染物, 有害环境的物质

Ex: Governments worldwide are working together to address pollutants through international agreements .世界各国政府正在通过国际协议共同努力解决全球**污染物**问题。
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a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

温室效应, 温室现象

温室效应, 温室现象

Ex: The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon vital for sustaining life on Earth , but the greenhouse effect caused by human activities has accelerated climate change and its associated impacts .**温室效应**是一种对维持地球生命至关重要的自然现象,但人类活动引起的增强温室效应加速了气候变化及其相关影响。
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smog
[名词]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

烟雾, 污染雾

烟雾, 污染雾

Ex: On some days , smog was so dense that schools canceled outdoor activities for the safety of the children .在某些日子里,**烟雾**非常浓密,学校为了孩子们的安全取消了户外活动。
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ozone layer
[名词]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

臭氧层, 臭氧圈

臭氧层, 臭氧圈

Ex: International agreements like the Montreal Protocol aim to protect ozone layer by phasing out ozone-depleting substances .像《蒙特利尔议定书》这样的国际协议旨在通过逐步淘汰消耗臭氧层的物质来保护**臭氧层**。
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eruption
[名词]

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

喷发, 火山喷发

喷发, 火山喷发

Ex: eruption was so powerful that it was heard hundreds of miles away .**喷发**如此强烈,以至于在数百英里外都能听到。
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the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

森林砍伐, 毁林

森林砍伐, 毁林

Ex: Activists are protesting against companies responsible for deforestation.活动人士正在抗议那些对大规模**森林砍伐**负责的公司。
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to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

污染, 传染

污染, 传染

Ex: Oil spills contaminate beaches and marine ecosystems , causing extensive environmental damage .石油泄漏会**污染**海滩和海洋生态系统,造成广泛的环境破坏。
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consumption
[名词]

the action or process of using a resource such as energy or food

消费

消费

Ex: Due to the new green initiatives , there 's been a reduction in consumption in the city .由于新的绿色倡议,城市的燃料**消耗**有所减少。
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blizzard
[名词]

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

暴风雪, 雪暴

暴风雪, 雪暴

Ex: Visibility was almost zero in blizzard.在**暴风雪**中能见度几乎为零。
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Fahrenheit
[形容词]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

华氏, 与华氏温标相关的

华氏, 与华氏温标相关的

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centigrade
[形容词]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

摄氏, 摄氏度

摄氏, 摄氏度

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humid
[形容词]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

潮湿的, 闷热的

潮湿的, 闷热的

Ex: humid air made it difficult to dry laundry outside .**潮湿**的空气使得在外面晾干衣服变得困难。
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monsoon
[名词]

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

季风, 雨季

季风, 雨季

Ex: Meteorologists closely monitor atmospheric conditions to predict the onset and duration of monsoon, helping communities prepare for its arrival .气象学家密切监测大气条件以预测**季风**的开始和持续时间,帮助社区为其到来做好准备。
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thunder
[名词]

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

雷声, 闪电

雷声, 闪电

Ex: The sudden clap thunder made everyone jump .突然的**雷声**让所有人都跳了起来。
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