pattern

Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Ang Kapaligiran at Panahon

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa kapaligiran at panahon, tulad ng "ecology", "refine", "toxic", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

Repasuhin

Flashcards

Pagbaybay

Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
ecosystem
ecosystem
[Pangngalan]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

Ex: Coral reefs are diverse ecosystems that support a wide range of marine life. 

Ang mga coral reef ay iba't ibang ecosystem na sumusuporta sa malawak na hanay ng buhay dagat.

ecology
ecology
[Pangngalan]

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

ekolohiya, agham ng kapaligiran

ekolohiya, agham ng kapaligiran

Ex: Ecology examines how plants and animals adapt to their environments. 

Ang ekolohiya ay sumusuri kung paano umaangkop ang mga halaman at hayop sa kanilang kapaligiran.

sanctuary
sanctuary
[Pangngalan]

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

reserbang pangkalikasan, santuwaryo ng buhay-ilang

reserbang pangkalikasan, santuwaryo ng buhay-ilang

Ex: The wildlife sanctuary provides a safe habitat for endangered species to thrive. 

Ang santuwaryo ng wildlife ay nagbibigay ng ligtas na tirahan para sa mga nanganganib na species upang umunlad.

green belt
green belt
[Pangngalan]

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

berdeng sinturon, berdeng lugar

berdeng sinturon, berdeng lugar

Ex: Darlington should preserve its green belt. 

Dapat panatilihin ng Darlington ang green belt nito.

reserve
reserve
[Pangngalan]

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

reserba

reserba

Ex: The elephants live in a protected wildlife reserve. 
environmentalism
environmentalism
[Pangngalan]

provision of care for the environment

environmentalismo, ekolohismo

environmentalismo, ekolohismo

fossil fuel
fossil fuel
[Pangngalan]

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

panggatong na fossil, enerhiyang fossil

panggatong na fossil, enerhiyang fossil

Ex: Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 

Ang pagsunog ng fossil fuel ay naglalabas ng carbon dioxide sa atmospera.

alternative fuel
alternative fuel
[Pangngalan]

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

alternatibong panggatong

alternatibong panggatong

Ex: Many people are switching to cars that run on alternative fuel to reduce pollution. 

Maraming tao ang lumilipat sa mga kotse na tumatakbo sa alternatibong fuel upang mabawasan ang polusyon.

sustainable
sustainable
[pang-uri]

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

napapanatili,  palakaibigan sa kapaligiran

napapanatili, palakaibigan sa kapaligiran

Ex: The farm practices sustainable agriculture. 

Ang bukid ay nagsasagawa ng napapanatiling agrikultura.

zero-emission
zero-emission
[pang-uri]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

zero-emission, walang emisyon

zero-emission, walang emisyon

Ex: Electric vehicles are considered zero-emission because they do not produce tailpipe emissions. 
environmentally friendly

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

palakaibigan sa kapaligiran, berde

palakaibigan sa kapaligiran, berde

Ex: The company is committed to producing environmentally friendly goods made from sustainable resources. 

Ang kumpanya ay nakatuon sa paggawa ng mga environmentally friendly na produkto na gawa sa napapanatiling mga mapagkukunan.

biodegradable
biodegradable
[pang-uri]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

nabubulok

nabubulok

Ex: Biodegradable food waste can be composted and turned into nutrient-rich soil. 
eco-friendly
eco-friendly
[pang-uri]

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

palakaibigan sa kalikasan, berde

palakaibigan sa kalikasan, berde

Ex: The company switched to eco-friendly packaging made from recycled materials. 

Ang kumpanya ay lumipat sa palakaibigan sa kalikasan na packaging na gawa sa mga materyales na nirecycle.

to refine
to refine
[Pandiwa]

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

linisin, dalisayin

linisin, dalisayin

Ex: The jeweler used a polishing technique to refine the gemstone and enhance its brilliance. 

Ginamit ng alahero ang isang polishing technique upang palinisin ang hiyas at pagandahin ang ningning nito.

preservation
preservation
[Pangngalan]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

pangangalaga, pag-iingat

pangangalaga, pag-iingat

nonrenewable
nonrenewable
[pang-uri]

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

hindi na napapalitan, hindi mapapalitan

hindi na napapalitan, hindi mapapalitan

Ex: Oil is a nonrenewable resource that will eventually run out if we continue to use it at the current rate. 

Ang langis ay isang hindi nababago na mapagkukunan na sa huli ay maubos kung patuloy nating gagamitin ito sa kasalukuyang rate.

conservation
conservation
[Pangngalan]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

konserbasyon, pangangalaga

konserbasyon, pangangalaga

Ex: Many organizations focus on wildlife conservation to prevent species from becoming extinct. 
acid rain
acid rain
[Pangngalan]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

acid rain, ulan na may acid

acid rain, ulan na may acid

Ex: The once-clear mountain stream turned murky after years of acid rain falling on its watershed. 

Ang dating malinaw na batis sa bundok ay naging malabo matapos ang mga taon ng acid rain na bumagsak sa watershed nito.

carbon footprint
carbon footprint
[Pangngalan]

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

carbon footprint, bakas ng carbon

carbon footprint, bakas ng carbon

Ex: Flying frequently increases your carbon footprint significantly. 

Ang madalas na paglipad ay makabuluhang nagpapataas ng iyong carbon footprint.

climate change
climate change
[Pangngalan]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

pagbabago ng klima, global na pag-init

pagbabago ng klima, global na pag-init

Ex: Climate change is a major concern for future generations. 

Ang pagbabago ng klima ay isang pangunahing alalahanin para sa mga susunod na henerasyon.

wildfire
wildfire
[Pangngalan]

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

sunog sa kagubatan, hindi makontrol na sunog

sunog sa kagubatan, hindi makontrol na sunog

Ex: The wildfire spread rapidly through the dry forest due to strong winds. 

Mabilis na kumalat ang sunog sa kagubatan sa tuyong gubat dahil sa malakas na hangin.

tsunami
tsunami
[Pangngalan]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

tsunami

Ex: The devastating tsunami in 2004 wreaked havoc across coastal regions of Southeast Asia. 

Ang nagwasak na tsunami noong 2004 ay nagdulot ng malaking pinsala sa mga baybaying rehiyon ng Timog-Silangang Asya.

toxic
toxic
[pang-uri]

poisonous or capable of causing illness, injury, or death through chemical action

Ex: The factory stores toxic chemicals in sealed containers. 
pollutant
pollutant
[Pangngalan]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

pollutant, sangkap na nakakapinsala sa kapaligiran

pollutant, sangkap na nakakapinsala sa kapaligiran

Ex: Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas pollutant emitted from burning fossil fuels. 
greenhouse effect
greenhouse effect
[Pangngalan]

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

epekto ng greenhouse, phenomenon ng greenhouse

epekto ng greenhouse, phenomenon ng greenhouse

Ex: The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon vital for sustaining life on Earth, but the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human activities has accelerated climate change and its associated impacts. 

Ang greenhouse effect ay isang natural na penomenong mahalaga para sa pagpapanatili ng buhay sa Earth, ngunit ang pinalakas na greenhouse effect na dulot ng mga gawain ng tao ay nagpabilis sa pagbabago ng klima at mga kaugnay na epekto nito.

smog
smog
[Pangngalan]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

usok na may hamog, hamog na polusyon

usok na may hamog, hamog na polusyon

Ex: The city's smog was so thick that it reduced visibility, making it difficult for drivers to see the road ahead. 

Ang smog ng lungsod ay napakapal na nabawasan nito ang visibility, na nagpahirap sa mga driver na makita ang daan sa harap.

ozone layer
ozone layer
[Pangngalan]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

layer ng ozone, ozonospera

layer ng ozone, ozonospera

Ex: The ozone layer is a region of the Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. 
eruption
eruption
[Pangngalan]

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

pagsabog, pagsabog ng bulkan

pagsabog, pagsabog ng bulkan

Ex: The volcanic eruption sent ash and lava flowing down the mountainside. 

Ang pagsabog ng bulkan ay nagpadala ng abo at lava na dumadaloy pababa sa bundok.

deforestation
deforestation
[Pangngalan]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

pagkalbo ng kagubatan, pagtrotroso

pagkalbo ng kagubatan, pagtrotroso

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 

Ang malawakang deforestasyon ay hinihimok ng pangangailangan para sa lupang pang-agrikultura.

to contaminate

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

dumihan, makontamina

dumihan, makontamina

Ex: The factory's discharge pipes contaminated the river with toxic chemicals. 

Ang mga discharge pipe ng pabrika ay nagkontamina sa ilog ng mga nakakalasong kemikal.

consumption
consumption
[Pangngalan]

the act of using up something, such as resources, energy, or materials

pagkonsumo, paggamit

pagkonsumo, paggamit

Ex: Daily consumption of packaged goods has risen steadily. 
blizzard
blizzard
[Pangngalan]

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

bagyo ng niyebe, malakas na snowstorm

bagyo ng niyebe, malakas na snowstorm

Ex: The blizzard made driving conditions hazardous. 

Ang blizzard ay nagpahamak sa mga kondisyon ng pagmamaneho.

Fahrenheit
Fahrenheit
[pang-uri]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

Fahrenheit, kaugnay ng sukat na Fahrenheit

Fahrenheit, kaugnay ng sukat na Fahrenheit

Ex: The thermometer showed 32 degrees Fahrenheit at freezing. 

Ang thermometer ay nagpakita ng 32 degrees Fahrenheit sa pagyeyelo.

centigrade
centigrade
[pang-uri]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

sentigrado, Celsius

sentigrado, Celsius

Ex: The oven was set to 180 degrees centigrade. 

Ang oven ay nakatakda sa 180 degrees centigrade.

humid
humid
[pang-uri]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

mahalumigmig, maalinsangan

mahalumigmig, maalinsangan

Ex: The humid weather made the air feel heavy and sticky. 

Ang maalinsangan na panahon ay nagpabigat at malagkit sa pakiramdam ng hangin.

monsoon
monsoon
[Pangngalan]

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

monson, panahon ng tag-ulan

monson, panahon ng tag-ulan

Ex: Farmers eagerly anticipate the monsoon season as it brings much-needed rainfall to replenish parched fields and ensure a successful harvest. 

Inaasahan ng mga magsasaka ang panahon ng monsoon dahil nagdadala ito ng napakailangang ulan upang punan ang mga tuyong bukid at matiyak ang isang matagumpay na ani.

thunder
thunder
[Pangngalan]

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

kulog, kidlat

kulog, kidlat

Ex: The thunder rattled the windows during the intense storm. 

Ang kulog ay nagpaginaw ng mga bintana sa gitna ng matinding bagyo.

LanGeek
I-download ang app ng LanGeek